Noise Figure Calculator – Cascaded NF, Noise Temperature and Receiver Sensitivity

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RF Link Budget Calculator

Calculate received power and link margin for RF and wireless links using transmitter power, antenna gains, cable losses, free-space path loss, receiver sensitivity, and additional fade or system losses.

Input Parameters

Frequency

Distance

Transmit Power

dBm

Tx / Rx Antenna Gain

Left = Tx gain dBi, right = Rx gain dBi.

Total Cable / Connector Loss

Extra Fade / System Loss

Receiver Sensitivity

dBm

Results

Free Space Path Loss

EIRP

Estimated Received Power

Link Margin

Status

Equations Used

FSPL: 32.44 + 20log10(fMHz) + 20log10(dkm)

EIRP: Tx Power + Tx Antenna Gain - Tx Cable Loss

Received Power: Prx = Tx + Gt + Gr - FSPL - losses

Link Margin: Prx - receiver sensitivity

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is an RF link budget?
It is a power accounting calculation that estimates whether enough signal reaches the receiver after antenna gains and path losses.

Q2: What is a good link margin?
Many practical systems target at least 10–20 dB margin, but required margin depends on fading, interference, modulation, and reliability target.

Q3: Does free-space path loss include obstacles?
No. Buildings, foliage, rain, multipath, polarization loss, and antenna misalignment should be added as extra losses.

Q4: What is receiver sensitivity?
It is the minimum input power required by the receiver for a target data rate and error performance.

Q5: Can I use this for Wi-Fi, LoRa, Bluetooth, or cellular?
Yes for first-order estimates, but protocol-specific coding, bandwidth, interference, and regulatory limits must also be considered.

Disclaimer: This calculator provides a first-order RF link estimate. Real-world wireless performance depends on propagation environment, fading, antenna pattern, polarization, interference, receiver implementation, and regulatory limits.

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