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onsemi 1N5993D
- Part No.:
- 1N5993D
- Manufacturer:
- onsemi
- Category:
- Single Zener Diodes
- Package:
- DO-204AH, DO-35, Axial
- Datasheet:
-
1N5993D.pdf
- Description:
- DIODE ZENER 5.1V 500MW DO204AH
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:42,883
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Product details
Overview
1N5993D from Motorola is a 5.1 V ±1% tolerance, 500 mW DO-35 glass-encapsulated Zener voltage regulator diode with 50 Ω dynamic impedance at 5 mA test current, 2 µA maximum reverse leakage at 2 V, and 98 mA maximum zener current - used for precision low-power voltage reference and overvoltage clamping in analog sensor signal conditioning circuits.
For engineers reviewing the 1N5993D datasheet, pinout, applications, or equivalent options, key selection criteria include its tight ±1% voltage tolerance (denoted by "D" suffix), DO-204AH package compatibility, thermal derating behavior above 75°C lead temperature, and junction-to-lead thermal resistance of ~35°C/W.
Technical Context
This device operates in reverse-biased Zener breakdown mode to maintain stable DC voltage regulation under varying load and input conditions. Its double-slug, hermetically sealed glass construction ensures long-term stability and low leakage across –65°C to +200°C operating range.
It exhibits a negative temperature coefficient near 5.1 V (≈ –2 mV/°C), requiring thermal-aware design when used in temperature-varying environments. Zener impedance drops significantly above 5 mA, improving regulation at higher currents but constrained by 500 mW power limit and thermal derating above 75°C.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Nominal Zener Voltage | 5.1 V ±1% - precise reference for 5 V rail monitoring or ADC biasing |
| Power Dissipation | 500 mW at TL ≤ 75°C - limits continuous current to ≤98 mA at 5.1 V |
| Zener Test Current | 5 mA - standard condition for measuring VZ and ZZT |
| Zener Impedance | 50 Ω @ IZT = 5 mA - determines output voltage variation under load changes |
| Reverse Leakage | 2 µA max @ VR = 2 V - critical for low-power standby circuits |
| Max Zener Current | 98 mA - derived from PD / VZ (500 mW / 5.1 V), defines absolute current ceiling |
| Junction Temp Range | –65°C to +200°C - supports industrial and automotive under-hood applications |
Pinout & Package
DO-204AH (Case 299), axial-leaded, hermetically sealed glass package with cathode indicated by color band. Leads are corrosion-resistant and solderable per MIL-STD-202, Method 208.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Anode | Reference node in reverse-bias configuration | Connected to lower-potential side (e.g., ground) when regulating positive voltage |
| Cathode | Zener output node | Marked with band; connects to regulated voltage node; must be held >5.1 V above anode |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| ±1% Zener voltage tolerance | Enables direct replacement in high-accuracy 5 V reference designs without calibration |
| Double-slug metallurgically bonded construction | Improves thermal coupling between die and leads, reducing ∆TJL and enhancing long-term stability |
| Hermetically sealed glass case | Prevents moisture ingress and parameter drift over time - suitable for harsh-environment deployments |
| Low 2 µA leakage at 2 V | Minimizes quiescent current draw in battery-powered sensor nodes and sleep-mode circuits |
| JEDEC-registered DO-204AH footprint | Ensures mechanical compatibility with legacy PCB footprints and automated assembly tooling |
Applications
| Industrial Sensor Signal Conditioning | Microcontroller Reset Circuitry |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Stabilizing excitation voltage for bridge-based pressure sensors in factory automation systems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Zener diode providing fixed 5.1 V reference to op-amp excitation stage. Use Value: ±1% tolerance ensures <±50 mV error in sensor output scaling, meeting Class A accuracy requirements. | Use Scenario: Generating clean reset threshold for 3.3 V microcontrollers during brown-out events. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Reverse-biased Zener clamping voltage on RC-reset network to define precise 5.1 V trip point. Use Value: Low 2 µA leakage prevents premature capacitor discharge, extending reset pulse duration reliability. |
| Low-Power Analog Front-End Reference | Overvoltage Protection Clamp |
Use Scenario: Biasing photodiode transimpedance amplifier in portable medical pulse oximeters. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Zener-regulated reference for op-amp feedback network defining gain and offset. Use Value: 50 Ω dynamic impedance ensures <±250 µV shift under 5 mA load variation, preserving signal integrity. | Use Scenario: Clamping transient surges on 5 V I²C bus lines in industrial gateways. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt protection device limiting voltage excursion to ≤5.1 V during ESD events. Use Value: 500 mW rating supports non-repetitive 100 W/1 ms surge per Figure 7a, exceeding IEC 61000-4-2 Level 4. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar Zener voltage regulation applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1N5993B | ±5% tolerance (vs. ±1% for 1N5993D); otherwise identical electrical specs and package | Acceptable where cost sensitivity outweighs precision requirement; may require system-level calibration | Select 1N5993B only if ±5% VZ variation is within downstream circuit's margin (e.g., uncalibrated comparators) |
| BZX55-C5V1 | Same 5.1 V nominal, ±5% tolerance; DO-35 package; 500 mW rating; higher typical ZZT (60 Ω vs. 50 Ω) | Widely available alternate with identical footprint but looser tolerance and slightly higher impedance | Choose BZX55-C5V1 when supply chain diversification is prioritized over tight regulation performance |
Compared with 1N5993B and BZX55-C5V1, the 1N5993D delivers superior voltage accuracy and lower dynamic impedance - critical for precision analog references - while maintaining full DO-204AH mechanical compatibility and thermal performance.
Availability
1N5993D is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial sensor signal conditioning, microcontroller reset circuitry, and low-power analog front-end reference applications requiring stable component supply and long-lifecycle support.
Supply support for 1N5993D includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Motorola Semiconductor (now part of ON Semiconductor) pioneered high-reliability discrete semiconductors for industrial and automotive markets, emphasizing rugged packaging and JEDEC-compliant parametric consistency.
The 1N59xx series was designed specifically for precision voltage regulation in space-constrained, thermally demanding applications - delivering stable Zener performance in hermetically sealed DO-35 glass packages with validated thermal derating curves.
FAQ
What is the Zener voltage tolerance of the 1N5993D?
The 1N5993D has a nominal Zener voltage of 5.1 V with a tolerance of ±1%, indicated by the "D" suffix per Motorola's voltage designation system. This tighter tolerance enables use in applications requiring high initial accuracy without post-manufacturing calibration, such as precision analog references and regulated power monitor circuits. The 1N5993D achieves this via tighter binning during production testing at 30°C lead temperature.
What is the maximum continuous Zener current for the 1N5993D?
The maximum continuous Zener current for the 1N5993D is 98 mA, calculated from its 500 mW power rating divided by the nominal 5.1 V Zener voltage. This assumes operation at or below 75°C lead temperature; above that, power must be derated at 4 mW/°C. Exceeding this current risks thermal runaway or permanent degradation due to junction overheating.
Does the 1N5993D have a specified junction-to-lead thermal resistance?
Yes - the 1N5993D exhibits a typical junction-to-lead thermal resistance (θJL) of approximately 35°C/W, derived from Figure 2 in the Motorola datasheet for the DO-204AH package. This value is critical for calculating actual junction temperature (TJ = TL + θJL × PD) and ensuring safe operation within the –65°C to +200°C range. Thermal design must account for lead length and mounting method, as θJL varies with heat sinking.
How does temperature affect the Zener voltage of the 1N5993D?
The 1N5993D has a negative temperature coefficient near 5.1 V, approximately –2 mV/°C, as shown in Figure 4a of the Motorola datasheet. This means its Zener voltage decreases by ~2 mV for each 1°C rise in junction temperature. System designers must compensate for this drift in high-precision applications using temperature-aware calibration or complementary circuit techniques.
Is the 1N5993D suitable for surge protection applications?
The 1N5993D is rated for non-repetitive surge power up to 100 W for 1 ms pulses (per Figure 7a), making it suitable for low-energy transient clamping in signal lines. However, it is not optimized for high-energy ESD or lightning surge suppression like dedicated TVS diodes. For robust protection, pair the 1N5993D with series current-limiting resistors and verify pulse energy against Figure 7a derating curves.
1N5993D Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- onsemi
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- DO-204AH, DO-35, Axial
- Packaging:
- Bulk
- Product Status:
- Active
- Voltage - Zener (Nom) (Vz):
- 5.1 V
- Tolerance:
- ±1%
- Power - Max:
- 500 mW
- Impedance (Max) (Zzt):
- 50 Ohms
- Current - Reverse Leakage @ Vr:
- 2 µA @ 2 V
- Voltage - Forward (Vf) (Max) @ If:
- 1.1 V @ 200 mA
- Operating Temperature:
- -65°C ~ 175°C
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- DO-204AH (DO-35)
1N5993D FAQ
1.How can I place an order for 1N5993D through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for 1N5993D on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for 1N5993D reliable?
The price and inventory of 1N5993D are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for 1N5993D is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for 1N5993D?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for 1N5993D transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for 1N5993D?
1N5993D orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your 1N5993D order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for 1N5993D?
For technical support, including 1N5993D datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your 1N5993D requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that 1N5993D is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All 1N5993D products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that 1N5993D meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of 1N5993D?
All 1N5993D units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with 1N5993D, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The 1N5993D part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for 1N5993D:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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