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Home > Products > Discrete Semiconductor Products > Transistors > Bipolar (BJT) > Single Bipolar Transistors

onsemi 2N3416_D29Z

Name: 2N3416_D29Z
Brand: onsemi
SKU: 2N3416_D29Z
Price: 2.40 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (2 reviews)

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Part No.:: 2N3416_D29Z

Manufacturer:: onsemi

Category:: Single Bipolar Transistors

Package:: TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads

Datasheet:: 2N3416_D29Z.pdf

Description:: TRANS NPN 50V 0.5A TO-92-3

Quantity:: RFQ Add To RFQ list

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Product details

Overview

2N3416_D29Z from Fairchild Semiconductor is an NPN general-purpose bipolar junction transistor designed for amplification and switching in low-to-medium power circuits, with V_CEO = 50 V, I_C = 500 mA continuous, h_FE = 75–225 at I_C = 2.0 mA, and TO-92 package. It supports applications such as signal amplification in audio preamps and discrete logic-level switching in industrial control interfaces.

For engineers reviewing the 2N3416_D29Z datasheet, pinout, applications, or equivalent options, key selection considerations include its verified DC current gain range, thermal resistance (R_θJA = 200 °C/W), collector-emitter saturation voltage (V_CE(sat) ≤ 0.3 V at I_C = 50 mA), and compatibility with standard TO-92 PCB footprints.

Technical Context

The 2N3416_D29Z operates as a silicon NPN BJT fabricated on Fairchild's Process 10, optimized for general-purpose linear amplification and saturated switching. Its design targets stable h_FE performance across I_C = 2.0 mA to 50 mA and V_CE = 4.5 V to 4.5 V, with guaranteed breakdown ratings including V_(BR)CEO ≥ 50 V and V_(BR)EBO ≥ 5.0 V.

Thermal behavior is defined by R_θJC = 83.3 °C/W and R_θJA = 200 °C/W, supporting operation from –55 °C to +150 °C junction temperature. The device is not rated for life-support systems and requires derating above 25 °C per 5.0 mW/°C.

Key Specifications

Parameter	Value and Actual Design Meaning
V_CEO	50 V - Maximum safe collector-emitter voltage before breakdown under open-base conditions
I_C (continuous)	500 mA - Sustained collector current capability without thermal runaway at T_A = 25 °C
h_FE	75–225 - DC current gain range at V_CE = 4.5 V, I_C = 2.0 mA, enabling predictable biasing in amplifier stages
V_CE(sat)	≤ 0.3 V - Low saturation voltage at I_C = 50 mA / I_B = 3.0 mA, minimizing conduction loss in switch mode
R_θJA	200 °C/W - Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance defining required heatsinking for ambient-limited operation
T_J range	–55 to +150 °C - Validated operating junction temperature envelope for industrial-grade reliability

Pinout & Package

2N3416_D29Z is housed in a through-hole TO-92 plastic package with standardized lead configuration (Emitter–Base–Collector, left-to-right when flat side faces viewer and leads point downward). Pin assignment is validated per Fairchild's official TO-92 mechanical drawing and tape-and-reel specification D29Z.

Pin/Terminal	Circuit Role	Design Meaning
Lead 1 (left)	Emitter	Current exit terminal; connects to ground or low-impedance return path in common-emitter configurations
Lead 2 (center)	Base	Control input; requires ~3 mA drive for full saturation at 50 mA collector load
Lead 3 (right)	Collector	Current entry terminal; ties to supply rail or load in switching, or collector resistor in amplification

Key Features

Feature	Design Value
General-purpose NPN architecture	Enables dual-use in Class-A amplifiers and digital switches without redesigning bias networks
Guaranteed h_FE range (75–225)	Supports production-ready bias stability across manufacturing lots without individual trimming
V_(BR)CEO ≥ 50 V	Permits direct interface with 24 V and 48 V industrial control rails without external clamping
TO-92 tape-and-reel packaging (D29Z)	Enables automated pick-and-place assembly with verified 2000-unit reel quantity and ESD-safe handling

Applications

Audio Pre-amplifier Stage	Industrial Relay Driver
Use Scenario: Amplifying weak microphone or sensor signals prior to ADC sampling in embedded data loggers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Discrete NPN amplifier in common-emitter topology with fixed-bias or emitter-degenerated configuration. Use Value: Delivers >30 dB voltage gain at 1 kHz with <1% THD using only passive components, leveraging h_FE ≥ 75 and f_T-compatible small-signal response.	Use Scenario: Driving 12 V/24 V electromagnetic relays in PLC I/O modules where microcontroller GPIOs lack sufficient current. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Saturated switch controlling relay coil current up to 300 mA with forced β = 16.7. Use Value: Achieves V_CE(sat) ≤ 0.3 V to limit coil power dissipation and enable fast turn-off via base discharge resistor.
DC Motor Speed Control (Low Power)	Discrete Logic-Level Translator
Use Scenario: PWM-driven unidirectional control of small DC fans or solenoids in HVAC actuators. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-side switch modulating motor current with 20–200 Hz PWM frequency. Use Value: Handles 500 mA peak current and dissipates <150 mW at 50% duty cycle, staying within P_D = 625 mW limit at 25 °C ambient.	Use Scenario: Level-shifting 3.3 V logic outputs to 5 V TTL-compatible inputs in mixed-voltage sensor subsystems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Emitter-follower buffer or common-emitter inverter depending on topology. Use Value: Maintains noise margin >0.8 V at V_CC = 5 V due to V_BE(sat) ≤ 1.3 V and h_FE-supported drive strength.

Audio Pre-amplifier Stage

Industrial Relay Driver

Use Scenario: Amplifying weak microphone or sensor signals prior to ADC sampling in embedded data loggers.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Discrete NPN amplifier in common-emitter topology with fixed-bias or emitter-degenerated configuration.

Use Value: Delivers >30 dB voltage gain at 1 kHz with <1% THD using only passive components, leveraging h_FE ≥ 75 and f_T-compatible small-signal response.

Use Scenario: Driving 12 V/24 V electromagnetic relays in PLC I/O modules where microcontroller GPIOs lack sufficient current.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Saturated switch controlling relay coil current up to 300 mA with forced β = 16.7.

Use Value: Achieves V_CE(sat) ≤ 0.3 V to limit coil power dissipation and enable fast turn-off via base discharge resistor.

DC Motor Speed Control (Low Power)

Discrete Logic-Level Translator

Use Scenario: PWM-driven unidirectional control of small DC fans or solenoids in HVAC actuators.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-side switch modulating motor current with 20–200 Hz PWM frequency.

Use Value: Handles 500 mA peak current and dissipates <150 mW at 50% duty cycle, staying within P_D = 625 mW limit at 25 °C ambient.

Use Scenario: Level-shifting 3.3 V logic outputs to 5 V TTL-compatible inputs in mixed-voltage sensor subsystems.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Emitter-follower buffer or common-emitter inverter depending on topology.

Use Value: Maintains noise margin >0.8 V at V_CC = 5 V due to V_BE(sat) ≤ 1.3 V and h_FE-supported drive strength.

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar NPN general-purpose amplifier applications.

Alternative Part	Technical Difference	Application Difference	Selection Advice
PN2222A	Higher h_FE (100–300), same V_CEO/I_C, identical TO-92 footprint	Suitable for higher-gain amplifier stages where tighter h_FE tolerance is needed	Select PN2222A when gain consistency across temperature is critical; verify base drive margin at low I_C
BC547B	Lower V_CEO (45 V), h_FE = 200–450, same package but different pinout (E-C-B)	Preferred in European designs with legacy BC-series sourcing; requires PCB layout verification	Choose BC547B only if existing board uses E-C-B orientation; otherwise, risk misassembly

Compared with PN2222A and BC547B, the 2N3416_D29Z offers a balanced trade-off of gain, voltage rating, and proven industrial thermal performance, making it optimal for cost-sensitive, non-precision analog and switching roles where process maturity matters more than extreme h_FE spread.

Availability

2N3416_D29Z is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial control interfaces, audio signal conditioning, and low-power relay driving requiring stable component supply and long-term manufacturability.

Supply support for 2N3416_D29Z includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Fairchild Semiconductor was a U.S.-based semiconductor company specializing in power management, analog, and discrete devices before its acquisition by ON Semiconductor in 2016.

The 2N3416_D29Z belongs to Fairchild's legacy general-purpose BJT family, engineered for robustness and ease of use in industrial and consumer electronics where reliability and broad parameter tolerance are prioritized over ultra-high-speed or RF performance.

FAQ

What is the maximum collector current rating for the 2N3416_D29Z?

The 2N3416_D29Z has a maximum continuous collector current (I_C) rating of 500 mA at T_A = 25 °C. This rating assumes proper PCB copper area and ambient airflow; derating is required above 25 °C per 5.0 mW/°C. Pulse operation allows higher peak currents, but duty cycle and pulse width must remain within limits specified in the original Fairchild datasheet Rev B.

Is the 2N3416_D29Z pin-compatible with the PN2222A?

Yes, the 2N3416_D29Z and PN2222A share identical TO-92 package dimensions and E-B-C pinout (flat side facing viewer, leads down: left = E, center = B, right = C). However, the 2N3416_D29Z has lower typical h_FE and slightly higher V_CE(sat); circuit validation is recommended if substituting in gain-critical or low-voltage-drop applications.

What does the suffix '_D29Z' indicate in 2N3416_D29Z?

The '_D29Z' suffix denotes Fairchild's specific tape-and-reel packaging variant for the 2N3416, conforming to TO-92 reeling standard D29Z. It specifies 2000 units per reel, adhesive tape on top side, flat side down, and emitter-first lead orientation-critical for automated assembly compatibility and ESD-safe handling per FSCINT labeling requirements.

Can the 2N3416_D29Z be used in switching power supplies?

The 2N3416_D29Z is not recommended for switching power supplies due to its relatively low f_T (~300 MHz, inferred from small-signal h_fe bandwidth), absence of specified switching time parameters (t_on/t_off), and thermal limitations (P_D = 625 mW). For SMPS applications, purpose-built power transistors or MOSFETs with documented switching characteristics should be selected instead of the 2N3416_D29Z.

Does the 2N3416_D29Z meet RoHS requirements?

The 2N3416_D29Z was manufactured prior to RoHS enforcement and is classified as non-RoHS-compliant per Fairchild's historical product status documentation. It contains lead in solder and packaging materials. For RoHS-compliant alternatives, consider ON Semiconductor's NSS series or newer-generation equivalents explicitly marked "Pb-Free" and compliant with Directive 2011/65/EU.

2N3416_D29Z Specifications

Product attributes: Attribute value

Manufacturer:: onsemi

Series:: -

Package/Case:: TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads

Packaging:: Tape & Reel (TR)

Product Status:: Obsolete

Transistor Type:: NPN

Current - Collector (Ic) (Max):: 500 mA

Voltage - Collector Emitter Breakdown (Max):: 50 V

Vce Saturation (Max) @ Ib, Ic:: 300mV @ 3mA, 50mA

Current - Collector Cutoff (Max):: 100nA (ICBO)

DC Current Gain (hFE) (Min) @ Ic, Vce:: 75 @ 2mA, 4.5V

Power - Max:: 625 mW

Frequency - Transition:: -

Operating Temperature:: -55°C ~ 150°C (TJ)

Grade:: -

Qualification:: -

Mounting Type:: Through Hole

Supplier Device Package:: TO-92-3

2N3416_D29Z FAQ

1.How can I place an order for 2N3416_D29Z through Aetrix?

Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for 2N3416_D29Z on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.

2.Are the price and stock information for 2N3416_D29Z reliable?

The price and inventory of 2N3416_D29Z are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for 2N3416_D29Z is usually 5 days.

3.What payment methods are accepted for 2N3416_D29Z?

We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for 2N3416_D29Z transactions.

Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.

4.How is shipping managed for 2N3416_D29Z?

2N3416_D29Z orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.

Once your 2N3416_D29Z order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.

Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.

5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for 2N3416_D29Z?

For technical support, including 2N3416_D29Z datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your 2N3416_D29Z requirements.

6.How does Aetrix verify that 2N3416_D29Z is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?

All 2N3416_D29Z products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that 2N3416_D29Z meets industry standards.

7.What is the process for return or replacement of 2N3416_D29Z?

All 2N3416_D29Z units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with 2N3416_D29Z, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:

1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.

2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.

3.The 2N3416_D29Z part is unused and in its original packaging.

Return procedure for 2N3416_D29Z:

1.Submit a request within 90 days.

2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.

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