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Home > Products > Discrete Semiconductor Products > Transistors > Bipolar (BJT) > Single Bipolar Transistors

onsemi 2N3416_D74Z

Name: 2N3416_D74Z
Brand: onsemi
SKU: 2N3416_D74Z
Price: 2.40 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (2 reviews)

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Part No.:: 2N3416_D74Z

Manufacturer:: onsemi

Category:: Single Bipolar Transistors

Package:: TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads

Datasheet:: 2N3416_D74Z.pdf

Description:: TRANS NPN 50V 0.5A TO-92-3

Quantity:: RFQ Add To RFQ list

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Product details

Overview

2N3416_D74Z from Fairchild Semiconductor is an NPN general-purpose amplifier and switch in TO-92 package, rated for 50 V V_CEO, 500 mA I_C, and 625 mW P_D, with h_FE = 75–225 at I_C = 2.0 mA, used in low-power linear amplification and digital switching circuits.

For engineers reviewing the 2N3416_D74Z datasheet, pinout, applications, or equivalent options, key selection criteria include DC current gain range, saturation voltage under defined drive conditions, thermal resistance (R_θJA = 200 °C/W), and TO-92 mechanical compatibility for through-hole prototyping and production.

Technical Context

This device operates as a silicon NPN bipolar junction transistor fabricated on Process 10, with specified breakdown voltages (V_(BR)CEO = 50 V, V_(BR)CBO = 50 V, V_(BR)EBO = 5.0 V) and cutoff currents (I_CBO ≤ 100 nA at 25°C). It supports continuous collector current up to 500 mA and junction temperatures from –55°C to +150°C.

Small-signal current gain h_fe is 75 at 2.0 mA I_C, 4.5 V V_CE, and 1 kHz; saturation parameters are V_CE(sat) = 0.3 V and V_BE(sat) = 0.6–1.3 V at I_C = 50 mA, I_B = 3.0 mA. Thermal derating is 5.0 mW/°C above 25°C ambient.

Key Specifications

Parameter	Value and Actual Design Meaning
V_CEO	50 V - maximum safe collector-emitter voltage before breakdown in common-emitter configuration
I_C (continuous)	500 mA - max DC collector current without thermal runaway under specified heatsinking
P_D	625 mW at 25°C - total power dissipation limit; derates linearly by 5.0 mW/°C above ambient
h_FE	75–225 - DC current gain range at V_CE = 4.5 V, I_C = 2.0 mA, defining base drive requirements
R_θJA	200 °C/W - junction-to-ambient thermal resistance in still air, critical for PCB copper area planning
T_J range	–55 to +150°C - operational junction temperature window, supporting industrial and automotive ambient environments

Pinout & Package

2N3416_D74Z is housed in a standard TO-92 plastic package with straight leads and no lead clip. Pin identification follows the "Emitter-Base-Collector" (E-B-C) sequence when viewing the flat side of the package with leads pointing downward.

Pin/Terminal	Circuit Role	Design Meaning
Lead 1 (left)	Emitter	Current sink terminal; connects to ground or low-side return path in common-emitter configurations
Lead 2 (center)	Base	Control input; requires current-limited drive (e.g., via series resistor) to bias into active/saturation regions
Lead 3 (right)	Collector	Current source terminal; connects to load and supply rail in switching or amplification topologies

Key Features

Feature	Design Value
NPN bipolar construction	Enables standard current-controlled switching and Class-A amplification with predictable h_FE behavior
TO-92 radial ammo packaging (D74Z)	Supports automated insertion with emitter-first orientation and bottom-side adhesive tape for pick-and-place reliability
V_(BR)CEO = 50 V	Allows use in 24 V and 36 V industrial control rails with margin against transients and inductive kickback
V_CE(sat) = 0.3 V @ 50 mA / 3 mA	Minimizes conduction loss in low-side switch applications, reducing heat generation and improving efficiency

Applications

Low-Voltage Relay Driver	Audio Preamp Stage
Use Scenario: Driving a 12 V, 100 mA electromagnetic relay coil from a microcontroller GPIO pin. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: NPN switch configured in common-emitter mode, providing current gain to interface logic-level signals with higher-power loads. Use Value: Low V_CE(sat) ensures minimal voltage drop across the transistor, preserving relay coil voltage margin and enabling reliable pull-in at low supply voltages.	Use Scenario: Single-stage voltage amplification in battery-powered portable audio equipment with <10 mW output requirement. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Linear amplifier operating in Class-A with emitter degeneration, delivering stable small-signal gain (h_fe ≥ 75) at low quiescent current. Use Value: Specified h_FE range and low noise characteristics support consistent gain matching across production units without trimming.
LED Current Switch	Signal Level Shifter
Use Scenario: Controlling a 20 mA indicator LED from a 3.3 V logic source in instrumentation front panels. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Digital switch biased into saturation, acting as a low-impedance path between V_CC and LED cathode. Use Value: Verified V_BE(sat) (0.6–1.3 V) and h_FE allow accurate base resistor calculation for guaranteed turn-on across temperature and process variation.	Use Scenario: Translating 3.3 V logic outputs to 5 V TTL-compatible inputs in mixed-voltage digital subsystems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Common-emitter level translator with fixed bias network, providing inversion and voltage step-up. Use Value: Defined V_(BR)EBO = 5.0 V and tight V_CE(sat) ensure safe operation while maintaining clean logic thresholds and fast edge response.

Low-Voltage Relay Driver

Audio Preamp Stage

Use Scenario: Driving a 12 V, 100 mA electromagnetic relay coil from a microcontroller GPIO pin.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: NPN switch configured in common-emitter mode, providing current gain to interface logic-level signals with higher-power loads.

Use Value: Low V_CE(sat) ensures minimal voltage drop across the transistor, preserving relay coil voltage margin and enabling reliable pull-in at low supply voltages.

Use Scenario: Single-stage voltage amplification in battery-powered portable audio equipment with <10 mW output requirement.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Linear amplifier operating in Class-A with emitter degeneration, delivering stable small-signal gain (h_fe ≥ 75) at low quiescent current.

Use Value: Specified h_FE range and low noise characteristics support consistent gain matching across production units without trimming.

LED Current Switch

Signal Level Shifter

Use Scenario: Controlling a 20 mA indicator LED from a 3.3 V logic source in instrumentation front panels.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Digital switch biased into saturation, acting as a low-impedance path between V_CC and LED cathode.

Use Value: Verified V_BE(sat) (0.6–1.3 V) and h_FE allow accurate base resistor calculation for guaranteed turn-on across temperature and process variation.

Use Scenario: Translating 3.3 V logic outputs to 5 V TTL-compatible inputs in mixed-voltage digital subsystems.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Common-emitter level translator with fixed bias network, providing inversion and voltage step-up.

Use Value: Defined V_(BR)EBO = 5.0 V and tight V_CE(sat) ensure safe operation while maintaining clean logic thresholds and fast edge response.

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar NPN general-purpose amplifier applications.

Alternative Part	Technical Difference	Application Difference	Selection Advice
PN2222A	Higher h_FE (min 100), same V_CEO/I_C, TO-92 package	Suitable for higher-gain analog stages where tighter h_FE distribution is required	Select PN2222A when gain consistency >100 is needed; verify layout compatibility with identical pinout
BC547B	Lower V_CEO (45 V), h_FE = 200–450, TO-92 package	Better suited for low-voltage signal amplification (<30 V rails) with higher gain tolerance	Choose BC547B for cost-sensitive consumer designs requiring wider h_FE spread and lower voltage operation

Compared with PN2222A and BC547B, the 2N3416_D74Z offers a balanced trade-off of moderate gain (75–225), robust 50 V rating, and proven thermal performance in TO-92-making it preferred for industrial relay drivers and legacy design refreshes where voltage margin and long-term availability matter.

Availability

2N3416_D74Z is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for low-power switching, analog amplification, and signal conditioning applications requiring stable component supply, long-lifecycle support, and legacy semiconductor continuity.

Supply support for 2N3416_D74Z includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Fairchild Semiconductor was a U.S.-based designer and manufacturer of analog and discrete semiconductors, acquired by ON Semiconductor in 2016; its legacy products remain widely deployed in industrial and automotive systems.

The 2N3416_D74Z belongs to Fairchild's classic NPN general-purpose transistor family, engineered for reliability in through-hole assembly, broad temperature operation, and compatibility with legacy schematics and PCB footprints.

FAQ

What is the pin configuration of the 2N3416_D74Z?

The 2N3416_D74Z uses a standard TO-92 package with Emitter-Base-Collector (E-B-C) pinout when viewed from the flat side with leads pointing downward. Lead 1 (left) is Emitter, Lead 2 (center) is Base, and Lead 3 (right) is Collector. This matches JEDEC TO-92 mechanical standard and is confirmed in Fairchild's 2N3416/2N3417 datasheet Rev B.

Does the 2N3416_D74Z support surface-mount assembly?

No, the 2N3416_D74Z is supplied in radial TO-92 packaging (D74Z ammo format) intended for through-hole mounting only. It lacks SMT-compatible terminations or tape-and-reel carrier features for pick-and-place machines. For SMT alternatives, consider SOT-23 equivalents like MMBT2222ALT1G.

What is the maximum operating temperature for the 2N3416_D74Z?

The 2N3416_D74Z has a specified junction temperature range of –55°C to +150°C. Its maximum operating ambient temperature depends on power dissipation and PCB thermal design; at 625 mW P_D, R_θJA = 200 °C/W limits usable ambient to ≤ 25°C without heatsinking. Derating applies above that point.

Is the 2N3416_D74Z RoHS compliant?

The 2N3416_D74Z was manufactured prior to full RoHS enforcement and does not carry formal RoHS certification. It contains lead in solderable leads and may not meet current EU Directive 2011/65/EU requirements. For RoHS-compliant replacements, consult ON Semiconductor's modern equivalents such as NSS20501LT1G.

Can the 2N3416_D74Z replace the 2N3904 in circuit designs?

The 2N3416_D74Z is not a direct replacement for the 2N3904 due to differences in h_FE (2N3904: min 100 vs. 2N3416: min 75), V_CEO (40 V vs. 50 V), and saturation characteristics. While both are TO-92 NPN transistors, substituting 2N3416_D74Z may require recalculating base resistors and verifying switching speed and gain stability in the target application.

2N3416_D74Z Specifications

Product attributes: Attribute value

Manufacturer:: onsemi

Series:: -

Package/Case:: TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads

Packaging:: Tape & Box (TB)

Product Status:: Obsolete

Transistor Type:: NPN

Current - Collector (Ic) (Max):: 500 mA

Voltage - Collector Emitter Breakdown (Max):: 50 V

Vce Saturation (Max) @ Ib, Ic:: 300mV @ 3mA, 50mA

Current - Collector Cutoff (Max):: 100nA (ICBO)

DC Current Gain (hFE) (Min) @ Ic, Vce:: 75 @ 2mA, 4.5V

Power - Max:: 625 mW

Frequency - Transition:: -

Operating Temperature:: -55°C ~ 150°C (TJ)

Grade:: -

Qualification:: -

Mounting Type:: Through Hole

Supplier Device Package:: TO-92-3

2N3416_D74Z FAQ

1.How can I place an order for 2N3416_D74Z through Aetrix?

Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for 2N3416_D74Z on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.

2.Are the price and stock information for 2N3416_D74Z reliable?

The price and inventory of 2N3416_D74Z are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for 2N3416_D74Z is usually 5 days.

3.What payment methods are accepted for 2N3416_D74Z?

We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for 2N3416_D74Z transactions.

Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.

4.How is shipping managed for 2N3416_D74Z?

2N3416_D74Z orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.

Once your 2N3416_D74Z order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.

Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.

5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for 2N3416_D74Z?

For technical support, including 2N3416_D74Z datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your 2N3416_D74Z requirements.

6.How does Aetrix verify that 2N3416_D74Z is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?

All 2N3416_D74Z products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that 2N3416_D74Z meets industry standards.

7.What is the process for return or replacement of 2N3416_D74Z?

All 2N3416_D74Z units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with 2N3416_D74Z, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:

1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.

2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.

3.The 2N3416_D74Z part is unused and in its original packaging.

Return procedure for 2N3416_D74Z:

1.Submit a request within 90 days.

2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.

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