onsemi 2N5194

Overview

2N5194 from onsemi is a silicon PNP power transistor designed for high-current linear amplification and hard-switching applications in industrial power supplies and audio output stages; rated at 60 V_CEO, 4.0 A_C, 40 W dissipation at T_C = 25°C, with h_FE ≥ 25 at I_C = 1.5 A, and TO-225 package with emitter-base-collector pinout.

For engineers reviewing the 2N5194 datasheet, pinout, applications, or equivalent options, this page delivers verified electrical ratings, thermal resistance (R_θJC = 3.12°C/W), safe operating area curves, switching timing data (t_r, t_f), and RoHS-compliant Pb-free packaging details critical for legacy design continuity and thermal layout validation.

Technical Context

This PNP bipolar junction transistor operates in active, saturation, and cutoff regions with defined secondary breakdown limits and thermal transient response. Its DC current gain (h_FE) varies from 10 to 100 depending on collector current and V_CE, and it exhibits V_CE(sat) ≤ 0.6 V at I_C/I_B = 10, supporting efficient switching in low-voltage power stages.

Designed for complementary use with NPN 2N5191/2N5192, the 2N5194 features JEDEC-standard maximum ratings including V_CBO = 60 V, V_EB = 5.0 V, and I_C = 4.0 A, with guaranteed ICEO ≤ 1.0 mA at V_CE = 60 V and T_C = 25°C - enabling reliable operation in Class AB amplifier bias networks and relay drivers.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

2N5194 is housed in a TO-225 axial-leaded plastic package (Case 77-09, Style 1) with metal tab acting as collector terminal; leads are arranged with Emitter (Pin 1), Collector (Pins 2 & 4), and Base (Pin 3).

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar PNP power transistor applications.

Compared with MJD2955G and 2N6292, the 2N5194 offers proven through-hole reliability, JEDEC-standard TO-225 compatibility, and documented SOA curves ideal for medium-power analog designs where thermal management via bolt-on heatsinks is preferred over PCB copper area.

Availability

2N5194 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial power supplies, audio amplifier repair, and legacy relay control systems requiring stable component supply and long-term BOM continuity.

Supply support for 2N5194 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

onsemi (formerly ON Semiconductor) is a global semiconductor supplier specializing in energy-efficient power management, analog, and sensor solutions for automotive, industrial, and cloud infrastructure markets.

The 2N5194 belongs to onsemi's legacy discrete power transistor family, engineered for high-reliability linear and switching applications where ruggedness, predictable SOA behavior, and thermal stability are prioritized over ultra-high speed or integration.

FAQ

Is the 2N5194 still in active production?

No - the 2N5194 is officially discontinued per onsemi documentation (Note 1, datasheet Rev. 16). It is not recommended for new designs. However, Aetrix Electronics maintains limited legacy stock with full traceability and provides engineering support for repair, maintenance, and end-of-life transition planning for existing 2N5194-based systems.

What is the pin configuration of the 2N5194 in TO-225 package?

The 2N5194 uses TO-225 Case 77-09 Style 1 pinout: Pin 1 = Emitter, Pins 2 & 4 = Collector (both internally connected to the metal tab), Pin 3 = Base. This configuration is confirmed in the official marking diagram and mechanical outline drawing, and differs from Style 3 (base-collector-emitter) used by some other PNP transistors.

Can the 2N5194 replace the 2N5195G in a circuit?

No - the 2N5194 and 2N5195G are distinct variants: 2N5194G has V_CEO = 60 V and V_CB = 60 V, while 2N5195G is rated at 80 V for both parameters. Substituting 2N5194 for 2N5195G risks premature breakdown in circuits operating near 70–80 V; always verify voltage stress margins before interchanging these parts.

What is the maximum safe operating temperature for the 2N5194 junction?

The 2N5194 has an operating junction temperature range of –65°C to +150°C. For reliable long-term operation, the datasheet recommends limiting peak junction temperature to ≤150°C, which corresponds to a maximum case temperature of ~120°C when dissipating 40 W - requiring appropriate heatsinking and derating above 25°C at 320 mW/°C.

Does the 2N5194 have built-in protection against secondary breakdown?

The 2N5194 does not include integrated protection circuitry, but its Safe Operating Area (SOA) curves in Figure 11 explicitly define secondary breakdown limits for pulse durations from 100 μs to DC. Designers must adhere to those IC–VCE boundaries - especially under inductive load conditions - to prevent localized thermal runaway and permanent device failure.