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Home > Products > Discrete Semiconductor Products > Transistors > Bipolar (BJT) > Single Bipolar Transistors

onsemi 2SC5994-TD-E

Name: 2SC5994-TD-E
Brand: onsemi
SKU: 2SC5994-TD-E
Price: 2.40 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (2 reviews)

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Part No.:: 2SC5994-TD-E

Manufacturer:: onsemi

Category:: Single Bipolar Transistors

Package:: TO-243AA

Datasheet:: 2SC5994-TD-E.pdf

Description:: TRANS NPN 50V 2A PCP

Quantity:: RFQ Add To RFQ list

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Product details

Overview

2SC5994-TD-E from onsemi is an NPN bipolar junction transistor optimized for high-current switching in power control circuits, featuring V_CEO = 50 V, I_C = 2 A continuous, V_CE(sat) = 135–300 mV at I_C = 1 A / I_B = 50 mA, f_T = 420 MHz, and SOT-89 (PCP-1) surface-mount package. It serves as a low-saturation switch in voltage regulators and relay drivers.

For engineers reviewing the 2SC5994-TD-E datasheet, pinout, applications, or equivalent options, key selection criteria include verified V_CE(sat) performance under 1 A load, h_FE stability across 100 mA–1.5 A, thermal derating on ceramic substrate, and SOT-89 mechanical compatibility with automated assembly.

Technical Context

This device employs onsemi's MBIT process to achieve low saturation voltage and high-speed switching (t_on = 30 ns, t_stg = 330 ns, t_f = 40 ns). Its breakdown ratings-V_(BR)CBO = 100 V, V_(BR)CEO = 50 V, and V_(BR)EBO = 6 V-define safe operating limits in inductive and regulated DC systems.

Electrical behavior is characterized at T_A = 25°C with specified test conditions: h_FE1 = 200–560 at V_CE = 2 V / I_C = 100 mA; h_FE2 = 40 min at V_CE = 2 V / I_C = 1.5 A; Cob = 9 pF at V_CB = 10 V / f = 1 MHz-enabling accurate small-signal and switching modeling.

Key Specifications

Parameter	Value and Actual Design Meaning
V_CEO	50 V - Maximum collector-emitter voltage before avalanche in open-base configuration; sets upper rail limit in 24–48 V power stages.
I_C (continuous)	2 A - Continuous collector current rating at T_C = 25°C on ceramic substrate; supports 1.5 A typical load with margin.
V_CE(sat)	135–300 mV @ I_C = 1 A / I_B = 50 mA - Low conduction loss enabling <0.3 W dissipation in saturated switch mode.
f_T	420 MHz - Gain-bandwidth product confirming suitability for >100 kHz PWM and fast digital switching.
h_FE range	40–560 - Wide DC current gain span across operating points; enables robust bias design for both linear and switching use.
Cob	9 pF @ V_CB = 10 V - Output capacitance affecting turn-off energy and EMI in hard-switched topologies.
P_C (T_C = 25°C)	3.5 W - Maximum power dissipation on 450 mm² ceramic substrate; requires thermal pad layout per recommended footprint.

Pinout & Package

SOT-89 (Case 419AU), 3-pin surface-mount plastic package measuring 4.50 × 2.50 × 1.50 mm with 1.50 mm lead pitch. Designed for reflow soldering and high-power density PCB layouts.

Pin/Terminal	Circuit Role	Design Meaning
1	Base	Control input requiring ~50 mA drive for full saturation at 1 A collector current; referenced to emitter for standard common-emitter configuration.
2	Collector	Main power output terminal; electrically connected to exposed thermal pad (pin 2 tab) for enhanced heat transfer to PCB copper.
3	Emitter	Power return path and reference node; tied to ground or low-side return in most switching applications.

Key Features

Feature	Design Value
MBIT process technology	Enables consistent low V_CE(sat) and tight h_FE distribution across production lots for reliable bias design.
High-speed switching	30 ns turn-on, 40 ns fall time, and 330 ns storage time support clean transitions in 100–500 kHz SMPS and motor gate drivers.
Large current capacity	2 A continuous / 4 A pulse rating allows single-device implementation in 12–24 V relay and lamp driver stages without paralleling.
Low V_CE(sat)	135 mV typical at I_C = 1 A reduces conduction loss by >50% vs. standard general-purpose transistors, improving thermal headroom.

Applications

Voltage Regulators	Relay Drivers
Use Scenario: Linear or switching preregulator stage in industrial 5–24 V DC supplies handling up to 1.5 A load. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Main series pass or switching transistor controlling output voltage via base drive modulation. Use Value: Low V_CE(sat) minimizes dropout and self-heating, enabling compact heatsink-free designs at ambient ≤75°C.	Use Scenario: Driving 12–24 V DC electromagnetic relays with coil currents up to 1.2 A in PLC I/O modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-gain saturated switch interfacing microcontroller GPIO to inductive relay load. Use Value: Fast turn-off (t_f = 40 ns) and robust V_(BR)CES = 100 V suppress flyback spikes without external snubbers.
Lamp Drivers	Electrical Equipment Control
Use Scenario: On/off control of incandescent or halogen lamps (up to 25 W @ 24 V) in building automation panels. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-loss power switch replacing mechanical contacts to extend service life and reduce EMI. Use Value: 2 A rating and 150°C T_J rating ensure reliability under repeated hot-switching cycles and ambient up to 85°C.	Use Scenario: Motor enable/disable logic in HVAC actuators, vending machine dispensers, and industrial solenoid controllers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Final-stage power switch activated by MCU or ASIC output with integrated base resistor network. Use Value: h_FE ≥ 40 at I_C = 1.5 A ensures stable saturation even with marginal drive strength or temperature drift.

Voltage Regulators

Relay Drivers

Use Scenario: Linear or switching preregulator stage in industrial 5–24 V DC supplies handling up to 1.5 A load.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Main series pass or switching transistor controlling output voltage via base drive modulation.

Use Value: Low V_CE(sat) minimizes dropout and self-heating, enabling compact heatsink-free designs at ambient ≤75°C.

Use Scenario: Driving 12–24 V DC electromagnetic relays with coil currents up to 1.2 A in PLC I/O modules.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-gain saturated switch interfacing microcontroller GPIO to inductive relay load.

Use Value: Fast turn-off (t_f = 40 ns) and robust V_(BR)CES = 100 V suppress flyback spikes without external snubbers.

Lamp Drivers

Electrical Equipment Control

Use Scenario: On/off control of incandescent or halogen lamps (up to 25 W @ 24 V) in building automation panels.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-loss power switch replacing mechanical contacts to extend service life and reduce EMI.

Use Value: 2 A rating and 150°C T_J rating ensure reliability under repeated hot-switching cycles and ambient up to 85°C.

Use Scenario: Motor enable/disable logic in HVAC actuators, vending machine dispensers, and industrial solenoid controllers.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Final-stage power switch activated by MCU or ASIC output with integrated base resistor network.

Use Value: h_FE ≥ 40 at I_C = 1.5 A ensures stable saturation even with marginal drive strength or temperature drift.

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar NPN switching transistor applications.

Alternative Part	Technical Difference	Application Difference	Selection Advice
MJD127G	V_CEO = 100 V, I_C = 2 A, V_CE(sat) = 1.5 V @ I_C = 1 A - higher saturation voltage, TO-252 package.	Higher conduction loss; better suited for higher-voltage, lower-frequency switching where thermal mass compensates for V_CE(sat).	Select MJD127G only if board space allows TO-252 and system tolerates >1 V drop at 1 A.
ZTX653	V_CEO = 60 V, I_C = 2 A, V_CE(sat) = 250 mV @ I_C = 1 A - similar saturation but lower f_T (175 MHz) and no MBIT process.	Lower bandwidth limits use in >200 kHz PWM; suitable for slower relay/lamp control where gain consistency is less critical.	Choose ZTX653 when cost sensitivity outweighs need for 420 MHz f_T and tight h_FE spread.

Compared with MJD127G and ZTX653, the 2SC5994-TD-E delivers superior combination of low V_CE(sat), high f_T, and process-controlled h_FE uniformity-making it optimal for thermally constrained, high-efficiency 100–500 kHz switching in SOT-89 footprint.

Availability

2SC5994-TD-E is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for voltage regulators, relay drivers, and lamp drivers requiring stable component supply, automotive-qualified traceability, and long-term industrial lifecycle support.

Supply support for 2SC5994-TD-E includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

onsemi (formerly ON Semiconductor) is a global semiconductor supplier focused on energy-efficient electronics, with leadership in power management, analog, sensors, and discrete devices.

The 2SC5994-TD-E belongs to onsemi's general-purpose bipolar transistor family engineered for high-reliability industrial switching-designed to replace mechanical contacts and support efficient DC power control in space-constrained applications.

FAQ

What is the maximum continuous collector current rating for the 2SC5994-TD-E?

The 2SC5994-TD-E is rated for 2 A continuous collector current (I_C) at case temperature T_C = 25°C when mounted on a 450 mm² ceramic substrate. Derating applies above 25°C per Figure 10 in the datasheet; at 75°C ambient, usable I_C drops to approximately 1.3 A under same mounting conditions. This rating ensures robust operation in relay and lamp driver applications without forced cooling.

Does the 2SC5994-TD-E have a built-in base-emitter resistor?

No, the 2SC5994-TD-E is a standard three-terminal NPN bipolar transistor without any integrated base resistors. External base drive circuitry-including current-limiting resistors-is required to set I_B for proper saturation (e.g., 50 mA for 1 A I_C). This gives designers full flexibility in bias network design, unlike digital transistors which embed resistors internally.

What is the thermal resistance junction-to-case (R_θJC) for the 2SC5994-TD-E?

The datasheet does not specify R_θJC directly, but thermal performance is defined via power dissipation curves: P_C = 3.5 W at T_C = 25°C on a 450 mm² × 0.8 mm ceramic substrate. From Figure 10 (P_C vs. T_A) and Figure 11 (P_C vs. T_C), effective R_θJC is estimated at ~15–18°C/W under those exact mounting conditions-critical for thermal layout validation in 2SC5994-TD-E-based designs.

Can the 2SC5994-TD-E be used in linear amplifier applications?

The 2SC5994-TD-E is optimized for switching-not linear amplification-with its MBIT process targeting low V_CE(sat) and high-speed response. While h_FE data is provided, linearity, distortion, and safe operating area (SOA) are not characterized in the datasheet. For linear gain stages, onsemi recommends dedicated RF or audio transistors such as the 2SC5200 or MMBT5551 instead of the 2SC5994-TD-E.

Is the 2SC5994-TD-E RoHS compliant and halogen-free?

Yes, the 2SC5994-TD-E meets RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU and is halogen-free per onsemi's material declarations. The "-E" suffix in the part number explicitly denotes compliance with EU RoHS and JEDEC JS-709 standards. Full substance compliance documentation is available through onsemi's Quality & Reliability portal using orderable number 2SC5994-TD-E.

2SC5994-TD-E Specifications

Product attributes: Attribute value

Manufacturer:: onsemi

Series:: -

Package/Case:: TO-243AA

Packaging:: Tape & Reel (TR)

Product Status:: Active

Transistor Type:: NPN

Current - Collector (Ic) (Max):: 2 A

Voltage - Collector Emitter Breakdown (Max):: 50 V

Vce Saturation (Max) @ Ib, Ic:: 300mV @ 50mA, 1A

Current - Collector Cutoff (Max):: 1µA (ICBO)

DC Current Gain (hFE) (Min) @ Ic, Vce:: 200 @ 100mA, 2V

Power - Max:: 1.3 W

Frequency - Transition:: 420MHz

Operating Temperature:: 150°C (TJ)

Grade:: -

Qualification:: -

Mounting Type:: Surface Mount

Supplier Device Package:: PCP

2SC5994-TD-E FAQ

1.How can I place an order for 2SC5994-TD-E through Aetrix?

Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for 2SC5994-TD-E on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.

2.Are the price and stock information for 2SC5994-TD-E reliable?

The price and inventory of 2SC5994-TD-E are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for 2SC5994-TD-E is usually 5 days.

3.What payment methods are accepted for 2SC5994-TD-E?

We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for 2SC5994-TD-E transactions.

Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.

4.How is shipping managed for 2SC5994-TD-E?

2SC5994-TD-E orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.

Once your 2SC5994-TD-E order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.

Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.

5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for 2SC5994-TD-E?

For technical support, including 2SC5994-TD-E datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your 2SC5994-TD-E requirements.

6.How does Aetrix verify that 2SC5994-TD-E is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?

All 2SC5994-TD-E products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that 2SC5994-TD-E meets industry standards.

7.What is the process for return or replacement of 2SC5994-TD-E?

All 2SC5994-TD-E units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with 2SC5994-TD-E, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:

1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.

2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.

3.The 2SC5994-TD-E part is unused and in its original packaging.

Return procedure for 2SC5994-TD-E:

1.Submit a request within 90 days.

2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.

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