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Allegro MicroSystems A3946KLP-T
- Part No.:
- A3946KLP-T
- Manufacturer:
- Allegro MicroSystems
- Category:
- Motor Drivers, Controllers
- Package:
- 16-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width) Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
A3946KLP-T.pdf
- Description:
- IC MOTOR DRIVER 7V-60V 16TSSOP
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,075
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Product details
Overview
A3946KLP-T from Allegro MicroSystems is a half-bridge power MOSFET controller designed to drive high-current N-channel MOSFETs in unidirectional DC motor and three-phase BLDC motor applications. It features integrated top-off charge pump for 100% duty cycle high-side operation, dual gate drivers (GH/GL), and operates from 7 V to 60 V VBB supply across –40°C to +135°C ambient.
For engineers reviewing the A3946KLP-T datasheet, A3946KLP-T pinout, A3946KLP-T application, or A3946KLP-T equivalent, key selection criteria include bootstrap-enabled high-side drive capability, programmable dead time via DT pin, thermal/undervoltage fault protection, and compatibility with automotive-grade inductive load control systems.
Technical Context
The A3946KLP-T implements a dual-output gate driver architecture with independent high-side (GH) and low-side (GL) outputs, each capable of sourcing/sinking ≥2 A peak current. Its internal charge pump generates a regulated 13 V VREG supply for low-side drive and bootstrap capacitor charging, enabling DC operation of N-channel high-side switches.
Control logic supports both single-pin PWM (IN1=IN2 with DT resistor) and independent two-input mode (DT tied to VREF). Fault management includes latched overtemperature shutdown at 170°C, VREG/VBOOT undervoltage detection, and open-drain ~FAULT output with reset-clearable latch behavior.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| VBB Range | 7 V to 60 V - supports wide automotive battery input range including cold-crank conditions. |
| VREG Output | 13 V ±0.5 V - powers low-side gate drive and bootstraps high-side circuitry without external regulator. |
| Gate Drive Rise/Fall Time | 60 ns / 40 ns (typ.) - enables fast switching of high-Qg MOSFETs up to 100 kHz PWM. |
| Dead Time Adjustment | 350 ns to 6 µs - programmable via external RDEAD on DT pin to prevent shoot-through. |
| Thermal Shutdown | 170°C junction temperature - latched fault with 15°C hysteresis ensures robust overtemperature recovery. |
| Operating Ambient | –40°C to +135°C - qualified for under-hood automotive environments per AEC-Q100 stress testing. |
| Package Thermal Resistance | 34°C/W (4-layer PCB) - exposed thermal pad enables efficient heat dissipation in high-power motor drive layouts. |
Pinout & Package
Package: 16-lead TSSOP with exposed thermal pad (LP suffix), lead-free, 100% matte tin plating.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| VREG (1) | Regulated gate drive supply | 13 V output powering GL driver and bootstrap charging path; requires 10 µF decoupling capacitor. |
| CP2 (2), CP1 (3) | Charge pump capacitor terminals | Form external charge pump network; CP2 connects to VREG, CP1 to PGND for voltage doubling operation. |
| PGND (4) | Power ground reference | Separate ground return for high-current gate drive paths; must be externally connected to system ground. |
| GL (5) | Low-side gate driver output | Drives N-channel MOSFET source terminal; series gate resistor controls dv/dt at S pin. |
| S (6) | Load connection / bootstrap return | Direct connection to motor winding; serves as floating ground for high-side driver and negative terminal of CBOOT. |
| GH (7) | High-side gate driver output | Drives N-channel MOSFET drain terminal; requires bootstrap capacitor (CBOOT) referenced to S pin. |
| BOOT (8) | High-side floating supply | Positive terminal of bootstrap capacitor; supplies gate voltage >VBB for high-side N-MOSFET turn-on. |
| ~FAULT (9) | Open-drain fault indicator | Asserts low during UVREG, UVBOOT, OVERTEMP, or UVREF faults; latched for thermal/UVREG events. |
| IN1, IN2 (10–11) | Digital control inputs | Configure half-bridge state (H/L, L/H, L/L, H/H); hysteresis ≥100 mV prevents noise-induced transitions. |
| RESET (12) | Global sleep enable | Pull low >10 µs to enter ultra-low-power sleep mode (<10 µA VBB current); resets fault latch. |
| LGND (13) | Logic ground reference | Separate ground for digital inputs and internal logic; must be externally connected to system ground. |
| DT (14) | Dead time programming | Resistor-to-ground sets delay between GH/GL turn-off and subsequent turn-on; open = 12 µs default. |
| VREF (15) | Internal 5 V reference | Stable 5 V output for logic and external circuitry; max 4 mA sourcing; requires 0.1 µF decoupling. |
| VBB (16) | Main power supply input | 7–60 V input powering charge pump, logic, and gate drivers; quiescent current 3–6 mA in active mode. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Top-off charge pump | Enables true 100% duty cycle high-side N-MOSFET operation by replenishing BOOT capacitor leakage current during sustained ON states. |
| Programmable dead time | Adjustable 350 ns–6 µs delay via external resistor on DT pin prevents cross-conduction in half-bridge configurations. |
| Latched thermal protection | Shuts down GH/GL outputs at 170°C junction temperature with 15°C hysteresis, requiring RESET pulse to resume operation. |
| Independent gate drive control | Supports both synchronous rectification (IN1=IN2) and independent high/low-side control (DT=VREF) for flexible motor commutation schemes. |
| Automotive-grade reliability | Qualified to AEC-Q100 with 2000 V HBM / 1050 V CDM ESD rating and guaranteed operation from –40°C to +135°C ambient. |
Applications
| Automotive HVAC Blower Control | Industrial Conveyor Motor Drive |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Precise speed regulation of 12 V/24 V DC blower motors in vehicle climate control systems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Half-bridge gate driver controlling high-side and low-side N-MOSFETs in unidirectional motor configuration with braking capability. Use Value: Enables smooth PWM-controlled airflow using cost-effective N-channel MOSFETs instead of P-channel, reducing conduction losses by >30%. |
Use Scenario: Bidirectional control of 48 V industrial DC motors driving belt conveyors in factory automation. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-current gate driver managing synchronous rectification during regenerative braking and forward motoring phases. Use Value: Delivers 100% duty cycle high-side drive for continuous torque delivery during heavy-load acceleration without gate voltage droop. |
| Electric Power Steering Assist | Medical Infusion Pump Actuation |
Use Scenario: Compact, thermally constrained EPS module requiring reliable motor phase control under transient load spikes. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Fault-tolerant gate driver with latched overtemperature protection and fast fault reporting via ~FAULT pin. Use Value: Ensures fail-safe shutdown at 170°C junction temperature while maintaining diagnostic visibility for ASIL-B system compliance. |
Use Scenario: Low-noise, precision DC motor actuation in battery-powered infusion pumps requiring silent operation and long runtime. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Efficient half-bridge controller minimizing VBB quiescent current (3 mA typ.) during standby and enabling microsecond-level dead time tuning. Use Value: Reduces system power consumption by 65% versus discrete driver solutions while supporting <1 µs dead time for ultra-low acoustic noise. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar half-bridge gate driver applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| MP6542GQ-Z | Integrated current sense amplifier; no top-off charge pump; max VBB = 45 V. | Better suited for current-loop closed-loop motor control; lacks 100% duty cycle high-side support. | Select when real-time phase current monitoring is required and 60 V operation is not needed. |
| TLE9201SG | Integrated high-side/low-side drivers with embedded protection; 40 V max VBB; no external DT pin for dead time tuning. | Designed for automotive body electronics; fixed 500 ns dead time; no programmability. | Choose for simplified layout where adjustable dead time is unnecessary and 60 V headroom is not critical. |
Compared with MP6542GQ-Z and TLE9201SG, the A3946KLP-T uniquely delivers 100% duty cycle capability via its top-off charge pump, supports full 60 V operation, and offers precise dead time adjustment-making it optimal for high-reliability, high-voltage unidirectional motor drives requiring extended ON-time stability.
Availability
A3946KLP-T is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive HVAC systems, industrial conveyor controls, electric power steering modules, medical infusion pumps, and battery-powered motor drives requiring stable component supply across extended temperature ranges and long production lifecycles.
Supply support for A3946KLP-T includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Allegro MicroSystems is a U.S.-based designer and manufacturer of high-performance magnetic sensors, motor drivers, and power ICs, founded in 1989 and headquartered in Manchester, NH.
The A3946KLP-T belongs to Allegro's automotive-qualified half-bridge gate driver product line, engineered specifically for high-efficiency, high-reliability control of N-channel MOSFETs in demanding motor and inductive load applications.
FAQ
What is the maximum VBB voltage rating for the A3946KLP-T?
The A3946KLP-T supports a maximum load supply voltage (VBB) of 60 V, verified across all operating temperatures and conditions per its Absolute Maximum Ratings table. This allows direct integration into 48 V automotive and industrial systems without external voltage clamping, and accommodates battery transients up to ISO 7637-2 Pulse 5a.
How does the A3946KLP-T achieve 100% duty cycle high-side operation?
The A3946KLP-T achieves 100% duty cycle high-side operation through its integrated top-off charge pump, which continuously replenishes leakage current drawn from the BOOT capacitor during sustained high-side ON states. Unlike basic bootstrap circuits that require periodic low-side conduction to recharge, this trickle-charge mechanism maintains gate voltage integrity even during continuous high-side activation.
What fault conditions trigger a latched ~FAULT output on the A3946KLP-T?
The A3946KLP-T asserts a latched ~FAULT output for VREG undervoltage (UVREG) and overtemperature (OVERTEMP) events only. These faults remain asserted until cleared by a 1–10 µs low pulse on the RESET pin. In contrast, BOOT undervoltage (UVBOOT) and VREF undervoltage (UVREF) generate non-latched faults that clear automatically once the condition resolves.
Can the A3946KLP-T drive both high-side and low-side N-channel MOSFETs simultaneously?
No-the A3946KLP-T is designed to prevent simultaneous conduction via its programmable dead time circuit. When configured for standard operation (DT pin connected to ground via resistor), the device enforces a minimum 350 ns delay between turn-off of one output and turn-on of the other. The Control Logic Table explicitly prohibits GH=H and GL=H states except under CAUTION condition, which risks shoot-through.
What is the purpose of separate PGND and LGND pins on the A3946KLP-T?
The A3946KLP-T uses separate PGND (Pin 4) and LGND (Pin 13) pins to isolate high-current power return paths from sensitive logic ground references. PGND carries gate drive return currents and must connect directly to the power MOSFET source ground plane, while LGND serves digital inputs and internal logic-preventing noise coupling and ensuring clean signal integrity in mixed-signal motor control applications.
A3946KLP-T Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Allegro MicroSystems
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 16-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width) Exposed Pad
- Packaging:
- Tube
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Motor Type - Stepper:
- -
- Motor Type - AC, DC:
- Brushless DC (BLDC)
- Function:
- Controller - Commutation, Direction Management
- Output Configuration:
- Pre-Driver - Half Bridge
- Interface:
- Parallel
- Technology:
- Power MOSFET
- Step Resolution:
- -
- Applications:
- General Purpose
- Current - Output:
- -
- Voltage - Supply:
- 7V ~ 60V
- Voltage - Load:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 135°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 16-eTSSOP-EP
A3946KLP-T FAQ
1.How can I place an order for A3946KLP-T through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for A3946KLP-T on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for A3946KLP-T reliable?
The price and inventory of A3946KLP-T are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for A3946KLP-T is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for A3946KLP-T?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for A3946KLP-T transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for A3946KLP-T?
A3946KLP-T orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your A3946KLP-T order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for A3946KLP-T?
For technical support, including A3946KLP-T datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your A3946KLP-T requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that A3946KLP-T is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All A3946KLP-T products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that A3946KLP-T meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of A3946KLP-T?
All A3946KLP-T units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with A3946KLP-T, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The A3946KLP-T part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for A3946KLP-T:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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