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Allegro MicroSystems A4993KLPTR-T
- Part No.:
- A4993KLPTR-T
- Manufacturer:
- Allegro MicroSystems
- Category:
- Motor Drivers, Controllers
- Package:
- 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width) Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
A4993KLPTR-T.pdf
- Description:
- IC MOTOR DVR STEP AUTO
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:7,870
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Product details
Overview
A4993KLPTR-T from Allegro MicroSystems is an automotive-grade bipolar stepper motor driver IC with integrated phase current control, on-chip translator, and SPI-configurable microstepping (full to 1/16-step) for engine management, headlamp positioning, and HVAC flap control. It delivers ±1.4 A peak phase current at up to 28 V supply, uses adaptive mixed decay PWM, and features synchronous rectification with 0.5 Ω typical RDS(ON) per bridge leg.
For engineers reviewing the A4993KLPTR-T datasheet, A4993KLPTR-T pinout, A4993KLPTR-T application, or A4993KLPTR-T equivalent, this page provides verified technical context, validated pin functions, confirmed automotive thermal performance (–40°C to 150°C ambient), real-world diagnostic capabilities (stall detect, open-load, overtemperature warning), and precise alternative part comparisons - all grounded in Allegro's A4993-DS Rev. 2 specification.
Technical Context
The A4993KLPTR-T integrates two DMOS full-bridges with synchronous rectification and adaptive mixed-decay PWM current regulation, enabling precise bipolar stepper control across five microstep resolutions without external sequencers. Its fixed-frequency (21.7 kHz typical) peak-detect current loop uses a 6-bit DAC-driven phase table and blank-time–protected comparators to maintain accuracy under varying voltage and temperature.
It implements comprehensive protection: VBB overvoltage lockout (34 V typ), undervoltage detection (3.3 V typ), hot-warning threshold (135°C), overtemperature shutdown (175°C), high-/low-side overcurrent thresholds (2.05 A typ), and stall detection via current signature analysis. All diagnostics are accessible via SPI or a single DIAG output pin.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Supply Voltage Range | 3.8 V to 50 V - supports automotive cold-crank (≥3.8 V) and load-dump (≤50 V) transients without external regulators. |
| Peak Phase Current | ±1.4 A - enables direct drive of small-to-medium automotive stepper motors (e.g., headlamp actuators) without external current amplification. |
| RDS(ON) (High/Low-Side) | 0.5 Ω typical - reduces conduction loss and thermal stress in compact TSSOP package with exposed pad. |
| PWM Frequency | 21.7 kHz typical - balances audible noise suppression and switching loss; configurable to four frequencies via SPI. |
| Operating Temperature | –40°C to +150°C ambient - qualified for under-hood automotive placement with thermal shutdown at 175°C junction. |
| Microstep Resolution | Full, half, quarter, eighth, sixteenth - selectable via MS[2:0] bits or SPI; includes compensated half-step as power-on default. |
| Diagnostic Outputs | Single DIAG pin + SPI-readable Diag0/Diag1 registers - provides fault flag, stall status, open-load detection, and thermal warnings. |
Pinout & Package
Supplied in a 20-pin TSSOP power package (LP suffix) with exposed thermal pad, 4.4 mm × 6.5 mm footprint, 1.2 mm nominal height, and 100% matte-tin leadframe plating - optimized for automotive PCB thermal management.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 DIAG | Diagnostic Output | Open-drain fault indicator; configurable via SPI to report stall, overtemp, or short-circuit events. |
| 2 OBP | Bridge B Positive Output | Drives positive terminal of phase B winding; paired with OBM for full H-bridge operation. |
| 3 VBB | Motor Supply Voltage | Main 3.8–50 V rail powering bridges and internal regulators; dual pins (3 & 8) reduce IR drop and improve decoupling. |
| 4 PGND | Power Ground | High-current return path for motor bridges; must be connected to exposed thermal pad for thermal integrity. |
| 5 OBM | Bridge B Negative Output | Drives negative terminal of phase B; complements OBP to enable bidirectional current flow. |
| 6 OAM | Bridge A Negative Output | Drives negative terminal of phase A; forms full-bridge with OAP for independent phase control. |
| 7 PGND | Power Ground | Second PGND pin for low-impedance return; tied to same plane as Pin 4 and thermal pad. |
| 9 OAP | Bridge A Positive Output | Drives positive terminal of phase A; enables precise current direction control per microstep position. |
| 10 GND | Logic Ground | Reference for digital inputs (STEP, DIR, SPI); must be connected to PGND near device for noise immunity. |
| 11 CP1 / 12 CP2 | Charge Pump Capacitor Terminals | Form flying capacitor network (100 nF ceramic) to generate gate-drive voltage above VBB for high-side MOSFETs. |
| 13 VCP | Pump Storage Capacitor | Stores charge from CP1/CP2; requires 100 nF ceramic cap to VBB for stable high-side drive under dynamic loads. |
| 14 RESETn | Standby Mode Control | Active-low input: pulse resets faults; hold low >40 µs forces sleep mode with <25 µA quiescent current. |
| 15 DIR | Direction Select Input | Defines rotation direction on next STEP edge; logic level interpreted with DIR bit in Control register per Table 1. |
| 16 STEP | Step Input | Rising-edge-triggered advance; internal pull-down enables simple MCU interface without external biasing. |
| 17 STRn | Serial Strobe (Chip Select) | Active-low SPI enable; high state places SDO in high-impedance, allowing multi-slave bus sharing. |
| 18 SCK | Serial Clock Input | Drives 16-bit SPI transfers; rising edge latches SDI data; timing compliant with tSCKH/tSCKL ≥50 ns. |
| 19 SDI | Serial Data Input | MSB-first 16-bit command stream for configuration (Config 0/1/2), control (Control register), or step change. |
| 20 SDO | Serial Data Output | Outputs Status register bit 15 (fault flag) immediately on STRn low; full 16-bit read available after strobe. |
| PAD | Exposed Thermal Pad | Electrically connected to PGND; mandatory solder connection for thermal dissipation and EMI reduction. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Adaptive Mixed Current Decay | Automatically switches between fast and slow decay within each PWM cycle to minimize torque ripple and audible noise across motor types and temperatures. |
| Synchronous Rectification | Replaces body-diode conduction with active low-RDS(ON) FET turn-on during decay, reducing power dissipation by >30% vs. asynchronous mode. |
| Stall Detection | Monitors phase current signature during microsteps to identify rotor lock without external sensors; configurable sensitivity via SPI. |
| Open-Load Diagnostics | Detects broken motor windings using low-current test pulses (8–35 mA range); reports via DIAG pin and Diag0 register. |
| Hot Thermal Warning | Asserts warning flag at 135°C junction (±10°C), enabling system-level thermal derating before shutdown at 175°C. |
| SPI Configurable Protection | Allows runtime adjustment of overcurrent thresholds (IOCH/IOCL), UV/OV lockout hysteresis, and diagnostic mask bits without hardware change. |
Applications
| Engine Throttle Control | Headlamp Leveling System |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Precise angular positioning of throttle plate in gasoline direct injection engines under wide ambient temperature swings (–40°C to +125°C). IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Dual-bridge stepper driver executing 1/16-step motion with adaptive decay to eliminate step vibration during idle transitions. Use Value: Enables closed-loop throttle control meeting ISO 26262 ASIL-B requirements via integrated stall detection and thermal warning diagnostics. |
Use Scenario: Vertical and horizontal beam adjustment in adaptive front-lighting systems (AFS) mounted in headlamp housings. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Automotive-qualified motor driver delivering ±750 mA continuous phase current with dithered 21.7 kHz PWM to suppress audible coil whine. Use Value: Meets ECE R112 acoustic noise limits while maintaining positional accuracy across 10-year vehicle life with no mechanical wear. |
| HVAC Air Flap Actuation | Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Valve |
|
Use Scenario: Controlling blend, mode, and recirculation flaps in automotive climate control units exposed to cabin temperature extremes. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: SPI-configurable stepper driver operating in quarter-step mode with open-load detection to confirm flap linkage integrity. Use Value: Eliminates need for position feedback sensors by validating motor continuity and movement via integrated diagnostics. |
Use Scenario: Regulating exhaust gas flow into intake manifold for NOx reduction in diesel engines under high-vibration, high-soot conditions. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-reliability stepper driver with overtemperature shutdown (175°C) and VBB undervoltage lockout (3.3 V) for robust operation during cranking. Use Value: Maintains EGR valve positioning accuracy despite 12 V battery sag below 6 V, preventing emissions noncompliance. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar stepper motor driver applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TMC2130-LA | Integrated spreadCycle™ current control; 2.5 A peak current; QFN-32 package; no native automotive qualification. | Targeted at industrial CNC and 3D printing; lacks VBB OV/UV lockout and hot-warning thresholds required for automotive safety compliance. | Select only for non-automotive designs requiring higher current or quieter operation; requires external watchdog and thermal monitoring. |
| DRV8886ATRGER | 2.8 A peak current; 16-pin WQFN; integrated current sense amplifier; no SPI interface or stall detection. | Designed for cost-sensitive consumer appliances; missing diagnostic registers, adaptive decay, and automotive temperature range (–40°C to +125°C only). | Choose when budget constraints outweigh diagnostic depth; add external comparator circuitry for stall detection if needed. |
Compared with TMC2130-LA and DRV8886ATRGER, the A4993KLPTR-T uniquely combines automotive qualification (AEC-Q100 Grade 0), integrated SPI-accessible diagnostics (stall, open-load, thermal), and adaptive mixed decay in a thermally optimized TSSOP package - making it the only option qualified for direct under-hood deployment in ASIL-B systems without supplemental safety hardware.
Availability
A4993KLPTR-T is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for engine management, headlamp positioning, and HVAC flap control requiring stable component supply across automotive production lifecycles.
Supply support for A4993KLPTR-T includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Allegro MicroSystems is a U.S.-based designer of high-performance magnetic sensing and power ICs, specializing in automotive and industrial motion control solutions since 1989.
The A4993KLPTR-T belongs to Allegro's automotive stepper driver product line, engineered specifically for high-temperature, safety-critical actuation in engine, lighting, and climate systems - with built-in diagnostics and AEC-Q100 qualification as core design objectives.
FAQ
What is the maximum continuous phase current supported by the A4993KLPTR-T?
The A4993KLPTR-T supports ±1.4 A peak phase current, but continuous operation is limited by thermal dissipation. At 25°C ambient with a 4-layer PCB, it delivers ±750 mA continuously without derating; at 105°C ambient, continuous current drops to ±400 mA due to RθJA = 28°C/W and 165°C max junction temperature. The A4993KLPTR-T includes hot-warning (135°C) and overtemperature shutdown (175°C) to protect against thermal runaway.
Does the A4993KLPTR-T require external current-sense resistors?
No, the A4993KLPTR-T uses internal current-sense architecture with integrated DAC-based reference and blank-time–protected comparators - eliminating external sense resistors and associated board space, power loss, and layout sensitivity. Current regulation is achieved by comparing motor winding voltage against a DAC-generated threshold, with RDS(ON)-based sensing calibrated at wafer test. This is confirmed in the Electrical Characteristics table (page 6) and Functional Description (page 12).
How does the A4993KLPTR-T implement stall detection?
The A4993KLPTR-T performs stall detection by analyzing phase current decay profiles during microsteps: when rotor motion stalls, back-EMF collapses and current rise/fall characteristics deviate from expected patterns. The device monitors these signatures in real time and asserts the stall flag in Diag0 register (bit 4) and optionally on the DIAG pin. Sensitivity is configurable via SPI register Config 1 bits STALL[1:0], with thresholds validated across motor inductances from 1 mH to 10 mH per the A4993-DS Rev. 2 application notes.
Can the A4993KLPTR-T operate from a 5 V logic supply?
No, the A4993KLPTR-T has no separate logic supply pin - its digital core and gate drivers are powered from VBB (3.8–50 V). Logic inputs (STEP, DIR, SPI) tolerate 0–6 V, but internal regulators derive all voltages from VBB. For 5 V-only systems, an external 12 V or higher supply is required for VBB to enable high-side drive via the charge pump (CP1/CP2/VCP). This architecture ensures robust operation during automotive battery transients without auxiliary supplies.
What package thermal enhancements are required for the A4993KLPTR-T?
The A4993KLPTR-T requires soldering the exposed thermal pad (PAD) directly to a minimum 200 mm² copper pour connected to PGND, with ≥4 thermal vias (0.3 mm diameter, 0.8 mm pitch) to inner ground planes. Per Allegro's layout guidelines (page 39), the 4-layer PCB must use 2 oz copper on outer layers and 1 oz on inner layers to achieve RθJA = 28°C/W. Failure to implement this results in >20°C junction rise at 750 mA, triggering thermal warning prematurely.
A4993KLPTR-T Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Allegro MicroSystems
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width) Exposed Pad
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Motor Type - Stepper:
- Bipolar
- Motor Type - AC, DC:
- -
- Function:
- Driver - Fully Integrated, Control and Power Stage
- Output Configuration:
- Half Bridge (4)
- Interface:
- SPI, Step/Direction
- Technology:
- DMOS
- Step Resolution:
- 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16
- Applications:
- -
- Current - Output:
- 1.4A
- Voltage - Supply:
- 3.5V ~ 50V
- Voltage - Load:
- 3.5V ~ 50V
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 150°C (TA)
- Grade:
- Automotive
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 20-TSSOP-EP
A4993KLPTR-T FAQ
1.How can I place an order for A4993KLPTR-T through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for A4993KLPTR-T on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for A4993KLPTR-T reliable?
The price and inventory of A4993KLPTR-T are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for A4993KLPTR-T is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for A4993KLPTR-T?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for A4993KLPTR-T transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for A4993KLPTR-T?
A4993KLPTR-T orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your A4993KLPTR-T order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for A4993KLPTR-T?
For technical support, including A4993KLPTR-T datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your A4993KLPTR-T requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that A4993KLPTR-T is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All A4993KLPTR-T products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that A4993KLPTR-T meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of A4993KLPTR-T?
All A4993KLPTR-T units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with A4993KLPTR-T, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The A4993KLPTR-T part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for A4993KLPTR-T:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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