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Analog Devices Inc. AD1848KST
- Part No.:
- AD1848KST
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc.
- Category:
- CODECS
- Package:
- 64-LQFP
- Datasheet:
-
AD1848KST.pdf
- Description:
- 16-BIT STEREO CODEC
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:6,506
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Product details
Overview
AD1848KST from Analog Devices is a parallel-port 16-bit stereo audio codec IC integrating ∑∆ ADCs and DACs, programmable gain/attenuation, on-chip analog filters, and digital mixing. It operates from a single +5 V supply, supports sample rates from 5.5 kHz to 48 kHz, and delivers >80 dB dynamic range over 20 Hz–20 kHz - enabling full-featured PC audio subsystems in ISA/EISA motherboard or add-in card designs.
For engineers reviewing the AD1848KST datasheet, AD1848KST pinout, AD1848KST application, or AD1848KST equivalent, this page provides verified technical context, validated package mapping (64-lead TQFP), confirmed pin functions for DMA/PIO interface and analog I/O, real-world audio system integration constraints, and two field-validated alternative codecs with documented functional trade-offs.
Technical Context
The AD1848KST implements fourth-order ∑∆ modulation for both ADC and DAC paths, with 64× oversampling and on-chip decimation/interpolation filtering. Its digital datapath supports 16-bit linear PCM, 8-bit µ-law, and 8-bit A-law formats, all internally converted to 16-bit linear for processing.
It features dual independent analog input multiplexers selecting among LINE, MIC (with optional +20 dB gain), AUX1, AUX2, and post-mixed DAC output; plus analog-domain mixing of AUX1/AUX2 with DAC output prior to L_OUT/R_OUT. The byte-wide parallel interface generates DBEN/DBDIR control signals and supports one or two DMA channels alongside programmed I/O.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Resolution | 16-bit ADC/DAC with no missing codes; enables 96 dB theoretical dynamic range in linear PCM mode. |
| Dynamic Range | 80–87 dB (typ); measured at –60 dB input, THD+N referenced to full scale - sufficient for business audio and multimedia playback/capture. |
| Sample Rate Range | 5.5 kHz to 48 kHz; derived from 16.9344 MHz or 24.576 MHz crystals - covers CD (44.1 kHz), DAT (48 kHz), telephony (8 kHz), and legacy PC audio standards. |
| Analog Supply | +5 V (4.75–5.25 V); separate VCC/GNDA pins allow analog/digital supply isolation to maintain SNR performance. |
| Digital Interface | Byte-wide parallel (DATA7:0, RD, WR, CS, ADR1:0); generates DBEN/DBDIR for external 74LS245-style bus drivers - simplifies ISA/EISA bus interfacing without glue logic. |
| Power Consumption | 120 mA total at 5 V (65 mA analog + 55 mA digital); drops to 2 mA in power-down mode - suitable for thermally constrained PC add-in cards. |
| ADC Crosstalk | –80 dB (line-to-mic, line-to-AUX); ensures channel separation in multi-source recording scenarios like conference audio or mixer applications. |
Pinout & Package
AD1848KST is housed in a 64-lead TQFP (ST-64) package with 0.5 mm pitch, optimized for surface-mount motherboard integration and thermal dissipation in compact PC audio subsystems.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| DATA7:0 | Bidirectional data bus | Transfers 8-bit control register reads/writes or 16-bit audio samples (LSB first in 16-bit transfers); requires external latching for 16-bit mode. |
| RD / WR | Active-low strobes | Define read/write cycles for PIO register access or DMA buffer transfers; timing-critical (tWDSU = 22 ns, tRDDV = 30–70 ns). |
| PDRQ / CDRQ | DMA request outputs | Signal host when playback or capture buffer is ready; asserted until full sample transfer completes - enables burst-mode DMA operation. |
| PDAK / CDAK | DMA acknowledge inputs | Indicate active DMA read (CDAK) or write (PDAK) cycle; used to gate DBEN/DBDIR and synchronize external bus transceivers. |
| L_LINE / R_LINE | Analog line inputs | Accept 2.6–3.0 Vp-p line-level signals; internal PGA allows 0–22.5 dB gain per channel in 1.5 dB steps for level matching. |
| L_OUT / R_OUT | Analog line outputs | Deliver 1.85–2.1 Vp-p into 10 kΩ load; include independent mute (–80 dB) and 0–94.5 dB attenuation in 1.5 dB steps - eliminates need for external volume IC. |
| VREF | Internal 2.25 V reference | Stable buffered output for DC-coupling op-amps or biasing; must be bypassed externally at VREF_F pin to GNDA with capacitor. |
| PWRDWN | Power-down control | Active-low signal reduces current to 1 mA per supply domain; shuts down all analog and digital blocks including interface logic. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| On-chip analog anti-imaging filters | Eliminates need for external RC/LC reconstruction filters at DAC outputs - reduces BOM count and PCB area in cost-sensitive PC audio designs. |
| Digital interpolation filter | Oversamples by 64× and adapts cutoff at low sample rates to suppress audible quantization noise - improves perceived audio quality below 22 kHz. |
| Zero-crossing volume control | Attenuation changes occur only at signal zero crossings; prevents zipper noise during real-time volume adjustment in playback applications. |
| Independent analog input multiplexing | Each ADC channel selects from LINE, MIC (+20 dB gain option), AUX1, AUX2, or mixed DAC output - enables flexible routing in conferencing or multi-input recording systems. |
| Software-configurable data formats | Supports 16-bit linear PCM, 8-bit µ-law, 8-bit A-law, and 8-bit linear - allows compatibility with Windows Sound System®, legacy DOS drivers, and telephony codecs. |
Applications
| PC Audio Subsystem | Legacy ISA Sound Card |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Integration into AT-class motherboard or low-cost ISA add-in card for business desktop PCs requiring Windows Sound System® compliance. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Central audio data converter and mixer; handles simultaneous stereo capture/playback via DMA while managing clock generation from dual crystals. Use Value: Single-chip solution replaces discrete ADC+DAC+mixer+filter ICs, reducing component count by >70% and eliminating external interpolation filter design effort. |
Use Scenario: Replacement codec for vintage sound cards (e.g., Sound Blaster Pro clones) needing drop-in compatibility with existing BIOS and DOS drivers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Pin-compatible stereo codec with identical parallel interface timing and register map as AD1848K - enables direct board-level substitution. Use Value: Maintains support for 8-bit µ-law/A-law and 16-bit PCM modes required by legacy audio APIs, while delivering improved THD+N (–76 dB vs. –72 dB typical). |
| Conference Audio Terminal | Multichannel Audio Mixer |
|
Use Scenario: Embedded audio terminal aggregating microphone, line, and auxiliary inputs for VoIP or video conferencing systems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Analog front-end with four stereo input sources, programmable gain per channel, and analog-domain AUX mixing - enables echo-cancelled local monitoring. Use Value: On-chip analog mixing of AUX1/AUX2 with DAC output allows real-time monitor feed without DSP latency; mic preamp gain compensates for condenser mic sensitivity. |
Use Scenario: Compact hardware mixer for studio-grade USB audio interfaces where analog summing is preferred over digital-only mixing. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Dual-path analog mixer: AUX1/AUX2 signals are summed with DAC output pre-L_OUT/R_OUT; ADC inputs can also capture mixed output for loopback recording. Use Value: Enables analog summing with <–80 dB crosstalk and independent channel attenuation (±12 dB to –34.5 dB), preserving phase coherence lost in digital domain mixing. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar stereo audio codec applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD1847JST | Same 64-lead TQFP package; lacks dual crystal oscillator support (single 24.576 MHz only); reduced DAC attenuation range (0 to –60 dB vs. –94.5 dB). | Supports only 8/16/32/48 kHz sample rates; insufficient for 44.1 kHz CD audio or legacy 11.025 kHz DOS games. | Select AD1847JST only if target system uses fixed 48 kHz sampling and does not require deep mute or wide-volume-range analog monitoring. |
| CS4231-KQZ | PCI/ISA-compatible codec; 18-bit resolution; integrated AC'97 link controller; requires external voltage reference and analog filters. | Designed for AC'97-compliant systems; incompatible register map and interrupt architecture - not software-compatible with AD1848KST drivers. | Choose CS4231-KQZ for new AC'97-based designs requiring higher resolution and lower noise floor; avoid for AD1848KST drop-in replacement. |
Compared with AD1848KST, AD1847JST offers lower cost but sacrifices sample rate flexibility and volume control depth, while CS4231-KQZ delivers superior audio fidelity and modern interface support at the expense of complete hardware and software incompatibility - making AD1848KST the optimal choice for legacy ISA audio subsystems requiring guaranteed Windows Sound System® interoperability.
Availability
AD1848KST is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for PC motherboard integration, legacy sound card repair, conference terminal manufacturing, and industrial audio interface development requiring stable component supply across extended product lifecycles.
Supply support for AD1848KST includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Analog Devices, Inc. is a global leader in high-performance analog, mixed-signal, and digital signal processing semiconductors, headquartered in Norwood, MA, with design centers worldwide and a legacy of innovation in precision data conversion.
The AD1848KST belongs to Analog Devices' SoundPort® family of audio codecs, engineered specifically for cost-sensitive, space-constrained PC audio applications requiring single-supply operation, ISA/EISA bus compatibility, and Microsoft Windows Sound System® certification.
FAQ
What is the primary function of the AD1848KST in a PC audio system?
The AD1848KST serves as a complete stereo audio codec IC, performing simultaneous analog-to-digital conversion (stereo capture) and digital-to-analog conversion (stereo playback) with integrated programmable gain, analog mixing, and digital filtering. In a PC audio system, the AD1848KST directly interfaces with the ISA or EISA bus via its byte-wide parallel port, enabling Windows Sound System®-compliant audio functionality without external converters or mixers. Its dual crystal oscillator support allows flexible sample rate selection critical for backward compatibility.
Does the AD1848KST support 44.1 kHz sample rate required for CD-quality audio?
Yes, the AD1848KST supports 44.1 kHz sample rate using its 16.9344 MHz crystal input. This frequency is explicitly listed in the supported sample rates table (5.5125, 6.615, 8, 9.6, 11.025, 16, 18.9, 22.05, 27.42857, 32, 33.075, 37.8, 44.1, 48 kHz). The device achieves this through integer division of the crystal frequency, ensuring jitter-free timing essential for CD audio playback and recording. The AD1848KST maintains >80 dB dynamic range and <–76 dB THD+N at 44.1 kHz, meeting professional audio requirements.
How does the AD1848KST handle microphone input sensitivity differences?
The AD1848KST addresses microphone sensitivity differences through a dedicated +20 dB fixed-gain amplifier stage preceding the programmable gain amplifier (PGA) for each MIC input. When enabled (MGE = 1), this stage boosts low-output condenser microphones to match line-level signal amplitude before entering the PGA, which then applies additional 0–22.5 dB gain in 1.5 dB steps. This two-stage gain structure ensures consistent ADC input levels across diverse microphone types while preserving headroom and minimizing noise - a capability confirmed in the "Analog Inputs" section of the datasheet.
Can the AD1848KST perform analog mixing of auxiliary inputs with DAC output?
Yes, the AD1848KST supports true analog-domain mixing of AUX1 and AUX2 stereo inputs with the DAC output prior to the L_OUT and R_OUT pins. Each auxiliary channel has independent gain/attenuation control from +12 dB to –34.5 dB in 1.5 dB steps, and the mixed signal remains available even when DAC playback is inactive. This feature is implemented entirely in analog circuitry, avoiding digital processing latency and preserving phase coherence - making it ideal for real-time monitor feeds in conferencing or broadcast applications using the AD1848KST.
What are the power supply requirements and consumption characteristics of the AD1848KST?
The AD1848KST operates from two +5 V supplies: VCC (analog, 4.75–5.25 V) and VDD (digital, 4.75–5.25 V), with separate ground pins (GNDA/GNDD) for noise isolation. Total operating current is 120 mA (65 mA analog + 55 mA digital) at 5 V, yielding 600 mW power dissipation. In power-down mode (PWRDWN = LO), current drops to 1 mA per supply domain. These specifications are measured under standard test conditions (25°C, 48 kHz FS, 10 kΩ load) and enable reliable operation in thermally constrained PC add-in cards using the AD1848KST.
AD1848KST Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc.
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 64-LQFP
- Packaging:
- Bulk
- Product Status:
- Active
- Type:
- Stereo Audio
- Data Interface:
- Parallel
- Resolution (Bits):
- 16 b
- Number of ADCs / DACs:
- 2 / 2
- Sigma Delta:
- Yes
- S/N Ratio, ADCs / DACs (db) Typ:
- -
- Dynamic Range, ADCs / DACs (db) Typ:
- 86 / 87
- Voltage - Supply, Analog:
- 4.75V ~ 5.25V
- Voltage - Supply, Digital:
- 4.75V ~ 5.25V
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 64-LQFP (10x10)
AD1848KST FAQ
1.How can I place an order for AD1848KST through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for AD1848KST on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for AD1848KST reliable?
The price and inventory of AD1848KST are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for AD1848KST is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for AD1848KST?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for AD1848KST transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for AD1848KST?
AD1848KST orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your AD1848KST order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for AD1848KST?
For technical support, including AD1848KST datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your AD1848KST requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that AD1848KST is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All AD1848KST products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that AD1848KST meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of AD1848KST?
All AD1848KST units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with AD1848KST, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The AD1848KST part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for AD1848KST:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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