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Home > Products > Integrated Circuits (ICs) > Interface > Sensor and Detector Interfaces

Analog Devices Inc. AD9948KCPRL

Name: AD9948KCPRL
Brand: Analog Devices Inc.
SKU: AD9948KCPRL
Price: 2.40 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (2 reviews)

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Part No.:: AD9948KCPRL

Manufacturer:: Analog Devices Inc.

Category:: Sensor and Detector Interfaces

Package:: 40-VFQFN Exposed Pad, CSP

Datasheet:: AD9948KCPRL.pdf

Description:: IC CCD SIGNAL PROCESSOR 40-LFCSP

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Product details

Overview

AD9948KCPRL from Analog Devices is a 10-bit CCD signal processor with integrated Precision Timing™ core, Correlated Double Sampler (CDS), 0–18 dB pixel gain amplifier (PxGA), 6–42 dB VGA, and 25 MSPS ADC - designed for digital still camera imaging front ends requiring precise clock control and analog signal conditioning.

For engineers reviewing the AD9948KCPRL datasheet, AD9948KCPRL pinout, AD9948KCPRL application, or AD9948KCPRL equivalent, key selection considerations include its 40-lead LFCSP package, 800 ps timing resolution, programmable H1–H4/ RG drivers, 3-wire serial interface, and black-level clamp with 256-step resolution.

Technical Context

The AD9948KCPRL implements a fully integrated analog front end (AFE) with CDS, PxGA, VGA, clamp, and 10-bit ADC, synchronized to a 25 MHz CLI master clock. Its Precision Timing core divides each CLI period into 48 edge positions (800 ps resolution), enabling independent programming of RG, H1–H4, SHP, and SHD edges via dedicated registers.

All high-speed outputs (RG, H1–H4) feature on-chip drivers with 8-step current control (0–30.1 mA), while digital data outputs (D0–D9) support programmable phase alignment (0–47 positions) and 11-cycle pipeline latency. Timing updates occur on HD falling edge after VD falling edge or via SL rising edge.

Key Specifications

Parameter	Value and Actual Design Meaning
ADC Resolution	10-bit with guaranteed no missing codes and ±0.5 LSB DNL.
Pixel Clock Rate	Up to 25 MHz CLI input - sets maximum CCD readout speed and internal timing granularity.
Precision Timing Resolution	800 ps per edge position (tCLI/48), enabling sub-nanosecond clock edge placement.
VGA Gain Range	6 dB to 42 dB in 1024 monotonic steps - supports wide dynamic range signal scaling before digitization.
PxGA Gain Range	0 dB to 18 dB in 256 steps - provides per-pixel gain control for color channel balancing.
Clamp Level Control	256-step resolution (0–63.75 LSB at ADC output) - enables fine optical black level adjustment.
Driver Output Current	Programmable up to 30 mA per H1–H4 or RG output - ensures robust CCD clock drive into 100 pF load.

Pinout & Package

AD9948KCPRL is housed in a 40-lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package (LFCSP), thermally enhanced with exposed paddle soldered to PCB ground plane (θ_JA = 27°C/W). Pin 1 identifier located top-left; NC pins at positions 1 and 40.

Pin/Terminal	Circuit Role	Design Meaning
D0–D9 (Pins 2–4, 7–13)	Digital data outputs (LSB to MSB)	10-bit parallel pixel data aligned to programmable DOUTPHASE; three-state controllable via OUT_CONTROL register.
H1–H4 (Pins 14, 15, 18, 19)	CCD horizontal clock drivers	On-chip 3 V drivers with polarity and edge-position control; H2/H4 are fixed inverses of H1/H3.
RG (Pin 21)	CCD reset gate clock driver	Programmable rising/falling edges and polarity; 30 mA max drive into 100 pF load.
CLI (Pin 25)	Master clock input	25 MHz reference for all internal timing; triggers 48-position pixel period grid with 6 ns fixed delay (tCLIDLY).
CCDIN (Pin 27)	Analog CCD signal input	AC-coupled via 0.1 µF capacitor; accepts ±50 mV black pixel amplitude and up to 1.0 V p-p input before saturation.
REFT / REFB (Pins 29–30)	ADC reference top/bottom	2.0 V and 1.0 V references decoupled to AVSS; define 2.0 V full-scale ADC input range.
SL / SCK / SDI (Pins 31–33)	3-wire serial interface	8-bit address + 24-bit data writes; supports auto-increment for efficient register loading.
VD / HD (Pins 34–35)	Vertical/horizontal sync inputs	Define field/line boundaries; trigger VD/HD-updated register updates and timing sequence regions.

Key Features

Feature	Design Value
Integrated Precision Timing Core	Enables independent, 800 ps-resolution programming of RG, H1–H4, SHP, and SHD edges without external logic.
On-Chip CCD Drivers	H1–H4 and RG outputs deliver up to 30 mA each - eliminates need for external level shifters or buffers in 3 V CCD systems.
Programmable Data Output Phase	DOUTPHASE register (0–47) aligns D0–D9 transitions precisely to pixel timing - simplifies FPGA/ASIC capture timing closure.
Multi-Region Horizontal Blanking	CLPOB/PBLK/HBLK signals support up to 4 independently programmable sequences per region - adapts clamping to varying dark pixel patterns across scan lines.
Low-Noise AFE Architecture	0.25 LSB_rms total output noise at 6 dB VGA gain - preserves SNR in low-light imaging applications.

Applications

Digital Still Camera Sensor Interface	High-Speed Industrial Imaging
Use Scenario: Interfacing interline-transfer CCD sensors in DSLR or mirrorless camera modules with real-time image processing ASICs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Full AFE + timing generator - performs CDS, PxGA/VGA amplification, black-level clamp, 10-bit digitization, and generates all CCD clocks (RG, H1–H4) from single CLI input. Use Value: Reduces BOM count by integrating drivers and timing logic; 800 ps edge resolution enables optimal CDS sampling window placement for minimal kTC noise.	Use Scenario: Machine vision systems capturing fast-moving objects (e.g., production line inspection) using progressive-scan CCDs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Pixel-rate-synchronized signal conditioner and clock synthesizer - digitizes analog CCD output at 25 MSPS while generating precisely timed H-blank and PBLK pulses per line. Use Value: Programmable multi-region blanking allows dynamic clamping adaptation across partial-frame reads; 11-cycle pipeline latency enables deterministic frame buffering in downstream logic.
Medical Endoscopy Imaging	Scientific CCD Readout Systems
Use Scenario: Miniaturized endoscopic cameras requiring low-power, high-fidelity analog signal chain in constrained space. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-noise analog front end with precision timing - conditions weak CCD signals, applies calibrated gain, and delivers synchronized digital pixel data to compact image processors. Use Value: 0.25 LSB_rms noise floor and 50 dB PSR ensure diagnostic image fidelity; 40-lead LFCSP footprint minimizes PCB area vs. discrete AFE+timing solutions.	Use Scenario: Spectroscopy or astronomy CCD readout where timing jitter directly impacts spectral resolution and charge transfer efficiency. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Jitter-critical timing generator and low-distortion digitizer - produces sub-ns stable RG/H-clock edges and captures pixel data with <±0.5 LSB DNL linearity. Use Value: Fixed 6 ns tCLIDLY delay and 48-step CLI subdivision enable repeatable, deterministic timing across temperature; REFT/REFB stability supports calibrated quantitative measurements.

Digital Still Camera Sensor Interface

High-Speed Industrial Imaging

Use Scenario: Interfacing interline-transfer CCD sensors in DSLR or mirrorless camera modules with real-time image processing ASICs.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Full AFE + timing generator - performs CDS, PxGA/VGA amplification, black-level clamp, 10-bit digitization, and generates all CCD clocks (RG, H1–H4) from single CLI input.

Use Value: Reduces BOM count by integrating drivers and timing logic; 800 ps edge resolution enables optimal CDS sampling window placement for minimal kTC noise.

Use Scenario: Machine vision systems capturing fast-moving objects (e.g., production line inspection) using progressive-scan CCDs.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Pixel-rate-synchronized signal conditioner and clock synthesizer - digitizes analog CCD output at 25 MSPS while generating precisely timed H-blank and PBLK pulses per line.

Use Value: Programmable multi-region blanking allows dynamic clamping adaptation across partial-frame reads; 11-cycle pipeline latency enables deterministic frame buffering in downstream logic.

Medical Endoscopy Imaging

Scientific CCD Readout Systems

Use Scenario: Miniaturized endoscopic cameras requiring low-power, high-fidelity analog signal chain in constrained space.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-noise analog front end with precision timing - conditions weak CCD signals, applies calibrated gain, and delivers synchronized digital pixel data to compact image processors.

Use Value: 0.25 LSB_rms noise floor and 50 dB PSR ensure diagnostic image fidelity; 40-lead LFCSP footprint minimizes PCB area vs. discrete AFE+timing solutions.

Use Scenario: Spectroscopy or astronomy CCD readout where timing jitter directly impacts spectral resolution and charge transfer efficiency.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Jitter-critical timing generator and low-distortion digitizer - produces sub-ns stable RG/H-clock edges and captures pixel data with <±0.5 LSB DNL linearity.

Use Value: Fixed 6 ns tCLIDLY delay and 48-step CLI subdivision enable repeatable, deterministic timing across temperature; REFT/REFB stability supports calibrated quantitative measurements.

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar CCD signal processor applications.

Alternative Part	Technical Difference	Application Difference	Selection Advice
AD9949KCPZ	Lead-free variant (RoHS-compliant); identical electrical specs, timing, and pinout to AD9948KCPRL.	No functional difference; used where lead-free assembly is mandated.	Select AD9949KCPZ when RoHS compliance is required; otherwise AD9948KCPRL remains suitable for standard Pb-based processes.
TDC1000YFFT	TI ultrasonic AFE - lacks CCD-specific timing core, CDS, PxGA, and H-driver outputs; targets transducer pulse-echo, not CCD imaging.	Not a functional substitute; intended for ultrasonic sensing, not optical imaging signal chains.	AD9948KCPRL is not replaceable by TDC1000YFFT in CCD applications due to absence of Precision Timing core, CCD drivers, and CDS architecture.

Compared with AD9949KCPZ, AD9948KCPRL offers identical performance in a standard-lead package, while TDC1000YFFT serves a fundamentally different sensing modality and cannot fulfill the CCD timing, clamping, or driver requirements of AD9948KCPRL-based designs.

Availability

AD9948KCPRL is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for digital still camera sensor interfaces, high-speed industrial imaging systems, and medical endoscopy equipment requiring stable component supply and long-term manufacturability.

Supply support for AD9948KCPRL includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Analog Devices, Inc. is a global semiconductor leader specializing in high-performance analog, mixed-signal, and digital signal processing technologies for precision measurement and signal conditioning.

The AD9948KCPRL belongs to Analog Devices' Precision Timing™ CCD signal processor product line, engineered specifically for digital imaging systems demanding tightly synchronized analog signal processing and high-speed clock generation in a single IC.

FAQ

What is the maximum pixel clock rate supported by the AD9948KCPRL?

The AD9948KCPRL supports a maximum CLI (master clock) input frequency of 25 MHz, which defines its upper pixel rate limit. This enables full-frame digitization of CCDs operating at up to 25 million pixels per second. The internal Precision Timing core maintains 800 ps edge resolution at this rate, and the 10-bit ADC is specified for accurate conversion at 25 MSPS. Exceeding 25 MHz CLI violates absolute maximum ratings and may cause timing failure or data corruption in the AD9948KCPRL.

Does the AD9948KCPRL include on-chip drivers for CCD horizontal clocks?

Yes, the AD9948KCPRL integrates on-chip drivers for H1, H2, H3, H4, and RG outputs, each capable of delivering up to 30 mA into a 100 pF load. These drivers operate from HVDD and RGVDD supplies (2.7–3.6 V) and support programmable drive strength (0–7 steps, 4.1 mA/step) via the DRVCONTROL register. This eliminates the need for external level shifters or buffer ICs in 3 V CCD systems, directly reducing board space and component count in AD9948KCPRL-based designs.

How is black level clamping implemented in the AD9948KCPRL?

The AD9948KCPRL implements optical black (OB) clamping using a dedicated analog circuit that samples CCD black pixels and adjusts the DC offset of the signal path. Clamp level is digitally programmable in 256 steps (0–63.75 LSB at ADC output), with resolution referenced to the 2.0 V ADC full-scale range. Clamping can be enabled/disabled and configured for normal or fast settling via the OPRMODE register. The AD9948KCPRL's clamp operates before the VGA stage, preserving dynamic range while correcting for sensor dark current drift - a critical function for consistent image quality across temperature and exposure time in AD9948KCPRL deployments.

What interface does the AD9948KCPRL use to configure its internal registers?

The AD9948KCPRL uses a 3-wire serial interface (SL, SCK, SDI) for register configuration, supporting both individual and auto-increment write modes. Each operation requires an 8-bit address followed by a 24-bit data word (32 bits total), with LSB-first transmission. Address auto-increment (enabled by writing only the starting address once) allows rapid loading of consecutive registers - essential for initializing complex timing sequences. All timing, gain, clamp, and driver settings in the AD9948KCPRL are controlled through this interface, which operates up to 10 MHz and is synchronized to VD/HD or SL edges.

What is the power dissipation of the AD9948KCPRL under typical operating conditions?

At 25 MHz CLI, with HVDD = RGVDD = 3.0 V and 100 pF loading on all H1–H4 outputs, the AD9948KCPRL dissipates approximately 220 mW total. Power scales with clock frequency, supply voltage, and active driver count - e.g., disabling unused H-outputs or reducing HVDD lowers consumption. In total shutdown mode, power drops to 1 mW. Thermal design must account for the 40-lead LFCSP package's θ_JA of 27°C/W; proper PCB copper pour under the exposed paddle is essential to maintain junction temperature within the –20°C to +85°C operating range for reliable AD9948KCPRL operation.

AD9948KCPRL Specifications

Product attributes: Attribute value

Manufacturer:: Analog Devices Inc.

Package/Case:: 40-VFQFN Exposed Pad, CSP

Series:: -

Packaging:: Bulk

Product Status:: Obsolete

Programmable:: Not Verified

Type:: CCD Signal Processor, 10-Bit

Input Type:: Logic

Output Type:: Logic

Current - Supply:: -

Operating Temperature:: -20°C ~ 85°C

Grade:: -

Qualification:: -

Mounting Type:: Surface Mount

Supplier Device Package:: 40-LFCSP (6x6)

AD9948KCPRL FAQ

1.How can I place an order for AD9948KCPRL through Aetrix?

Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for AD9948KCPRL on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.

2.Are the price and stock information for AD9948KCPRL reliable?

The price and inventory of AD9948KCPRL are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for AD9948KCPRL is usually 5 days.

3.What payment methods are accepted for AD9948KCPRL?

We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for AD9948KCPRL transactions.

Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.

4.How is shipping managed for AD9948KCPRL?

AD9948KCPRL orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.

Once your AD9948KCPRL order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.

Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.

5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for AD9948KCPRL?

For technical support, including AD9948KCPRL datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your AD9948KCPRL requirements.

6.How does Aetrix verify that AD9948KCPRL is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?

All AD9948KCPRL products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that AD9948KCPRL meets industry standards.

7.What is the process for return or replacement of AD9948KCPRL?

All AD9948KCPRL units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with AD9948KCPRL, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:

1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.

2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.

3.The AD9948KCPRL part is unused and in its original packaging.

Return procedure for AD9948KCPRL:

1.Submit a request within 90 days.

2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.

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