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Diodes Incorporated AP431IBZTR-G1
- Part No.:
- AP431IBZTR-G1
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Datasheet:
-
AP431IBZTR-G1.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 1% TO92
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:1,884
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Product details
Overview
AP431IBZTR-G1 from Diodes Incorporated is a 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator with 1.0% initial reference voltage tolerance (2.500 V at +25°C), 50 µA typical minimum cathode current for regulation, and operation up to 36 V cathode voltage. It replaces Zener diodes in feedback loops of switching power supplies, battery chargers, and voltage adapters where low-power regulation and thermal stability across –40°C to +125°C are required.
For engineers reviewing the AP431IBZTR-G1 datasheet, AP431IBZTR-G1 pinout, AP431IBZTR-G1 application, or AP431IBZTR-G1 equivalent, key selection criteria include its low 50 µA regulation threshold, 0.1 Ω dynamic impedance, ±11 mV reference deviation over full temperature range, and TO-92 package compatibility with legacy board layouts.
Technical Context
The AP431IBZTR-G1 implements a bandgap-referenced error amplifier driving an NPN output stage, enabling precise voltage regulation via external resistor divider between cathode and reference pins. Its sharp turn-on and low temperature coefficient (±11 mV from –40°C to +125°C) ensure stable feedback in isolated DC/DC converters.
It operates as a 2.5 V programmable shunt - not a fixed-voltage device - with cathode current sinking capability from 100 µA to 100 mA and dynamic impedance of 0.1 Ω (typical), supporting high-loop-gain compensation in PWM controllers without external compensation components.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage | 2.500 V ±1.0% at +25°C - sets regulated output voltage via R1/R2 divider; enables 5 V, 12 V, or custom outputs up to 36 V. |
| Min Cathode Current | 50 µA typical - allows regulation in ultra-low-power standby modes where Zeners fail to turn on. |
| Dynamic Impedance | 0.1 Ω typical - minimizes output voltage ripple under load transients in SMPS feedback paths. |
| Temp Stability | ±11 mV over –40°C to +125°C - ensures <0.5% output drift in automotive or industrial ambient conditions. |
| Cathode Voltage Range | 2.5 V to 36 V - supports wide-input buck, flyback, and forward converter topologies. |
| Sink Current Range | 100 µA to 100 mA - accommodates both light-load biasing and high-current optocoupler drive in isolated supplies. |
| Package | TO-92 (ammo packing) - through-hole compatible with cost-sensitive, high-reliability industrial PCBs. |
Pinout & Package
AP431IBZTR-G1 is supplied in TO-92 package (package code Z), with leads arranged in standard 3-pin vertical configuration: Pin 1 = REF, Pin 2 = ANODE, Pin 3 = CATHODE. The TO-92 outline meets JEDEC TO-92AB mechanical specifications and supports 750 mW power dissipation at TA ≤ +70°C.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Pin 1 (REF) | Reference Input | High-impedance node connected to voltage divider midpoint; senses output voltage and compares to internal 2.5 V bandgap reference. |
| Pin 2 (ANODE) | Anode Terminal | Connected to system ground or return path; completes shunt current loop when cathode is biased above reference voltage. |
| Pin 3 (CATHODE) | Cathode Output | Sinks current from supply rail into feedback network; regulates output by modulating current draw to maintain VREF = 2.5 V. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Low regulation threshold | 50 µA typical cathode current enables stable operation in <100 µA standby circuits - critical for energy-harvesting and battery-backed systems. |
| High thermal stability | ±11 mV reference deviation over –40°C to +125°C eliminates need for external temperature compensation in automotive under-hood designs. |
| Capacitive load immunity | Stable with ≥100 µF output capacitance - simplifies EMI filter design in offline AC/DC adapters without phase compensation. |
| Low dynamic impedance | 0.1 Ω typical - suppresses feedback loop noise and improves transient response in 500 kHz+ switching regulators. |
| RoHS/Green compliance | Fully lead-free, halogen- and antimony-free per Diodes Inc. specification - meets IPC-1752A Class 2 reporting requirements for industrial OEMs. |
Applications
| USB-C PD Charger | Industrial 24 V DC/DC Converter |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Regulates 5 V/9 V/15 V/20 V output rails in single-chip USB Power Delivery adapter with optocoupler-isolated feedback. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable shunt regulator providing precise voltage sensing and error amplification in secondary-side feedback loop. Use Value: 50 µA min cathode current enables zero-load regulation during USB-C sink negotiation, preventing output droop before device enumeration. |
Use Scenario: Stabilizes 24 V output in DIN-rail mounted industrial SMPS powering PLC I/O modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary feedback reference in isolated flyback controller IC feedback path, referenced to secondary ground. Use Value: ±11 mV reference drift over –40°C to +85°C ensures <±0.2% output accuracy across factory floor temperature swings without recalibration. |
| Laptop Adapter Secondary Side | Graphic Card VRM Monitoring |
|
Use Scenario: Provides accurate 19.5 V output regulation in compact laptop AC/DC adapter with synchronous rectification. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt regulator controlling TL431-compatible optocoupler bias current to adjust primary-side PWM duty cycle. Use Value: 0.1 Ω dynamic impedance reduces feedback loop gain variation across 10–100 mA load steps, improving cross-regulation in multi-rail adapters. |
Use Scenario: Monitors GPU core voltage (0.8–1.3 V) via resistive divider and triggers overvoltage protection in PCIe graphics cards. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision voltage comparator with programmable trip point, interfacing with GPU's PMBus voltage monitor. Use Value: 1.0% reference tolerance ensures OVP activation within ±10 mV of setpoint - tighter than generic TL431B variants used in legacy designs. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar adjustable shunt regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431BIDBZR | 2.5 V ±1.0%, 100 µA min cathode current, SOT-23 package | Higher regulation threshold limits use in sub-100 µA standby; no TO-92 option | Select when board space is constrained and SMT assembly is mandatory. |
| AP431SABZTR-G1 | Same pinout and specs but rated for 0.5% tolerance (2.495 V); discontinued for new designs per Diodes Inc. notice | Not recommended for new designs; legacy replacement only | Avoid for new projects; verify long-term availability and obsolescence status before sourcing. |
Compared with TL431BIDBZR and AP431SABZTR-G1, the AP431IBZTR-G1 uniquely balances TO-92 through-hole compatibility, ultra-low 50 µA regulation current, and industrial-grade temperature stability - making it optimal for cost-sensitive, high-reliability power supplies where legacy footprint retention and low-power performance are jointly required.
Availability
AP431IBZTR-G1 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for switching power supplies, battery chargers, and industrial voltage adapters requiring stable component supply with long lifecycle support and RoHS-compliant manufacturing.
Supply support for AP431IBZTR-G1 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Diodes Incorporated is a global manufacturer of discrete semiconductors and analog ICs, headquartered in Plano, Texas, with design centers across Asia and manufacturing in China, Taiwan, and the U.S.
The AP431i series was designed specifically for precision voltage regulation in cost-sensitive, high-volume power conversion applications - emphasizing low quiescent current, wide temperature operation, and drop-in compatibility with TL431 footprints.
FAQ
What is the maximum cathode voltage the AP431IBZTR-G1 can regulate?
The AP431IBZTR-G1 supports cathode voltages up to 36 V under recommended operating conditions. Absolute maximum rating is 40 V, but sustained operation above 36 V risks thermal instability and reduced long-term reliability. For 48 V systems, external clamping or series resistor limiting is required.
Can AP431IBZTR-G1 replace TL431 in existing designs?
Yes - AP431IBZTR-G1 is pin-compatible with TL431 in TO-92 packages and matches electrical specs including reference voltage, dynamic impedance, and temperature drift. Its lower 50 µA min cathode current improves performance in low-power modes where TL431 may not regulate reliably.
Does AP431IBZTR-G1 require external compensation capacitors?
No external compensation is needed for stable operation with typical capacitive loads up to 100 µF. The device's internal compensation and low 0.1 Ω dynamic impedance enable direct connection to optocoupler LEDs or feedback dividers without added RC networks in most SMPS designs.
What does the "G1" suffix indicate in AP431IBZTR-G1?
The "G1" suffix denotes Diodes Incorporated's Green compliance: fully lead-free, halogen-free (<900 ppm Br/Cl, <1000 ppm Sb), and RoHS 2 (2011/65/EU) compliant. It reflects environmental compliance per Diodes' internal specification, not a functional variant.
AP431IBZTR-G1 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Package/Case:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Cut Tape (CT)
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 2.5V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 36 V
- Current - Output:
- 100 mA
- Tolerance:
- ±1%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- -
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 100 µA
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-92
AP431IBZTR-G1 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for AP431IBZTR-G1 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for AP431IBZTR-G1 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for AP431IBZTR-G1 reliable?
The price and inventory of AP431IBZTR-G1 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for AP431IBZTR-G1 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for AP431IBZTR-G1?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for AP431IBZTR-G1 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for AP431IBZTR-G1?
AP431IBZTR-G1 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your AP431IBZTR-G1 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for AP431IBZTR-G1?
For technical support, including AP431IBZTR-G1 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your AP431IBZTR-G1 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that AP431IBZTR-G1 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All AP431IBZTR-G1 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that AP431IBZTR-G1 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of AP431IBZTR-G1?
All AP431IBZTR-G1 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with AP431IBZTR-G1, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The AP431IBZTR-G1 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for AP431IBZTR-G1:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
AP431IBZTR-G1 Tags
-
TL431AIDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
TL431BQDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
AN431AN-ATRG1
Diodes Incorporated
-
LM4040CYM3-2.5-TR
Microchip Technology
-
LM4040CYM3-4.1-TR
Microchip Technology
-
LM4040EIM3-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
AZ431LBNTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
-
LM4040D20IDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
LM4041DIM3-ADJ/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
LM4040DIM3X-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
LM4040DIM3-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
AZ431LANTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
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