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Diodes Incorporated AP431SAN1TR-G1
- Part No.:
- AP431SAN1TR-G1
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-236-3, SC-59, SOT-23-3
- Datasheet:
-
AP431SAN1TR-G1.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 0.5% SOT23
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:153,565
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Product details
Overview
AP431SAN1TR-G1 from Diodes Incorporated is a 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator with 0.5% initial reference voltage tolerance (2.495V), 50μA typical minimum cathode current for regulation, 0.1Ω typical dynamic impedance, and operation from -40°C to +125°C - used as a low-power voltage reference in switching power supply feedback loops and USB-C charger secondary-side regulation.
For engineers reviewing the AP431SAN1TR-G1 datasheet, AP431SAN1TR-G1 pinout, AP431SAN1TR-G1 application, or AP431SAN1TR-G1 equivalent, this device serves as a drop-in upgrade to TL431-class regulators where ultra-low cathode current and thermal stability across automotive temperature range are required.
Technical Context
The AP431SAN1TR-G1 implements a bandgap-referenced error amplifier driving an NPN output stage, enabling precise shunt regulation via external resistor divider. Its 2.495V reference voltage is trimmed at +25°C with ±0.5% accuracy and drifts only ±11mV over -40°C to +125°C.
It operates with cathode voltage up to 36V and sink current from 100μA to 100mA, maintaining stable regulation even under capacitive loads up to 100μF - confirmed by stability boundary testing across VKA = 5V–15V with no oscillation observed.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage | 2.495V ±0.5% at +25°C - sets precise output voltage threshold in feedback networks |
| Min Cathode Current | 50μA typical - enables regulation in ultra-low-power standby modes (<100μW dissipation) |
| Dynamic Impedance | 0.1Ω typical - ensures minimal output voltage perturbation under load transients |
| Temp Range | -40°C to +125°C - supports under-hood automotive and industrial ambient conditions |
| Cathode Voltage Max | 36V - compatible with 24V system rails and flyback secondary-side bias supplies |
| Ref Voltage Drift | ±11mV over full temp range - maintains <0.5% total output accuracy without external calibration |
| Sink Current Range | 100μA to 100mA - accommodates both light-load sensing and high-current error amplification |
Pinout & Package
SOT23-3 (Package Code N1) surface-mount package with 1.4mm × 2.5mm footprint, 1.1mm height, matte tin-plated leads, and J-STD-020 Level 3 moisture sensitivity.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 (REF) | Reference Input | High-impedance node connected to resistor divider midpoint - draws only 0.2–0.5μA |
| 2 (ANODE) | Anode Terminal | Connected to system ground or low-side return path - defines shunt current return path |
| 3 (CATHODE) | Cathode Terminal | High-side output node tied to feedback point - sinks regulated current into primary controller |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Low regulation current | 50μA typical minimum cathode current enables >95% efficiency in 5V/100μA standby supplies |
| Thermal stability | ±11mV reference deviation over -40°C to +125°C eliminates need for external temp compensation |
| Capacitive load immunity | Stable with ≥100μF output capacitance - avoids instability in bulk-capacitor-filtered SMPS outputs |
| Output voltage range | Programmable from 2.495V to 36V using two external resistors - replaces multiple Zener diodes |
| Green compliance | Fully RoHS 3 compliant, halogen- and antimony-free - meets IPC-1752A reporting requirements |
Applications
| USB-C PD Charger Feedback | Industrial 24V DC-DC Converter |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Secondary-side voltage sensing in isolated flyback converters delivering 5–20V USB-C Power Delivery. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision shunt reference providing feedback signal to optocoupler-driven primary controller. Use Value: 50μA min cathode current reduces standby loss by 60% vs. standard TL431, improving no-load efficiency to >75%. |
Use Scenario: Output voltage regulation in DIN-rail mounted 24V-to-5V/12V industrial DC-DC modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable shunt regulator setting output voltage via resistor network on isolated secondary winding. Use Value: ±11mV reference drift over -40°C to +125°C ensures ±0.4% output accuracy without recalibration across operating life. |
| Automotive Infotainment Power Supply | Server PSU PMBus Reference |
|
Use Scenario: Auxiliary 3.3V/5V rail regulation in head-unit power management ICs exposed to under-dash temperatures. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Temperature-stable voltage reference for feedback loop of synchronous buck converter. Use Value: Qualified to AEC-Q100 stress test conditions (when sourced per automotive change control) and operates reliably at 125°C junction. |
Use Scenario: Programmable reference for digital power controllers implementing PMBus-compliant adaptive voltage scaling. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: External precision reference input to ADC or DAC in digitally controlled VRMs. Use Value: 0.1Ω dynamic impedance minimizes noise coupling into sensitive analog reference inputs during rapid load steps. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar adjustable shunt regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431ACDBVR | 2.495V ref, ±1% tolerance, 100μA min cathode current, SOT23-3 | Lacks guaranteed -40°C to +125°C operation; reference drift ±25mV over same range | Select when cost sensitivity outweighs thermal performance and 0.5% tolerance is not required |
| AS431ASTZTR-E1 | 2.5V ref, ±0.5% tolerance, 60μA min cathode current, SOT23-3 | Higher 2.5V nominal reference; no automotive qualification path; RoHS but not halogen-free | Select when exact 2.5V setpoint is preferred and halogen-free compliance is not mandated |
Compared with TL431ACDBVR and AS431ASTZTR-E1, AP431SAN1TR-G1 delivers tighter initial tolerance, lower regulation current, superior thermal drift, and full halogen-free compliance - making it optimal for high-efficiency, wide-temperature, and green-compliant designs.
Availability
AP431SAN1TR-G1 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for USB-C PD chargers, industrial 24V DC-DC converters, and automotive infotainment power supplies requiring stable component supply with guaranteed long-term availability.
Supply support for AP431SAN1TR-G1 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Diodes Incorporated is a global semiconductor company specializing in discrete, analog, and mixed-signal devices for power management, signal integrity, and connectivity applications.
The AP431S/AP431SH product line was designed specifically to replace Zener diodes and legacy shunt regulators in energy-efficient, thermally demanding power systems - emphasizing low IQ, wide temperature operation, and green manufacturing.
FAQ
What is the maximum cathode voltage rating for AP431SAN1TR-G1?
The absolute maximum cathode voltage is 40V, but the recommended operating maximum is 36V. Exceeding 36V risks violating the specified electrical characteristics, including reference voltage accuracy and dynamic impedance. Operation at 36V is validated across the full -40°C to +125°C temperature range with no degradation in regulation performance.
Can AP431SAN1TR-G1 replace TL431 in existing designs without layout changes?
Yes - AP431SAN1TR-G1 uses the same SOT23-3 (N1) footprint and pinout as TL431 variants. No PCB modification is needed. However, due to its lower minimum cathode current (50μA vs. 1mA), feedback resistor values may be increased to reduce quiescent current, improving no-load efficiency without affecting regulation accuracy.
Does AP431SAN1TR-G1 require an external capacitor for stability?
No external capacitor is required for basic stability. The device is characterized to remain stable with capacitive loads up to 100μF, as verified in the datasheet's stability boundary plots. For designs with >100μF output capacitance or high-frequency noise environments, a 1nF ceramic capacitor from REF to ANODE is recommended to suppress high-frequency gain peaking.
Is AP431SAN1TR-G1 qualified for automotive applications?
The AP431SAN1TR-G1 part itself is not AEC-Q100 qualified, but Diodes Incorporated offers automotive-grade versions (e.g., AP431SAQTR-G1) manufactured in IATF 16949-certified facilities with PPAP capability. For non-automotive industrial use, AP431SAN1TR-G1 meets all electrical and environmental specs required for under-hood temperature operation (-40°C to +125°C).
AP431SAN1TR-G1 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Package/Case:
- TO-236-3, SC-59, SOT-23-3
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 2.5V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 36 V
- Current - Output:
- 100 mA
- Tolerance:
- ±0.5%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- -
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 100 µA
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- SOT-23-3
AP431SAN1TR-G1 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for AP431SAN1TR-G1 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for AP431SAN1TR-G1 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for AP431SAN1TR-G1 reliable?
The price and inventory of AP431SAN1TR-G1 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for AP431SAN1TR-G1 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for AP431SAN1TR-G1?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for AP431SAN1TR-G1 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for AP431SAN1TR-G1?
AP431SAN1TR-G1 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your AP431SAN1TR-G1 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for AP431SAN1TR-G1?
For technical support, including AP431SAN1TR-G1 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your AP431SAN1TR-G1 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that AP431SAN1TR-G1 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All AP431SAN1TR-G1 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that AP431SAN1TR-G1 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of AP431SAN1TR-G1?
All AP431SAN1TR-G1 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with AP431SAN1TR-G1, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The AP431SAN1TR-G1 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for AP431SAN1TR-G1:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
AP431SAN1TR-G1 Tags
-
TL431AIDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
TL431BQDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
AN431AN-ATRG1
Diodes Incorporated
-
LM4040CYM3-2.5-TR
Microchip Technology
-
LM4040CYM3-4.1-TR
Microchip Technology
-
LM4040EIM3-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
AZ431LBNTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
-
LM4040D20IDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
LM4041DIM3-ADJ/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
LM4040DIM3X-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
LM4040DIM3-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
AZ431LANTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
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