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Diodes Incorporated AP431VG-A
- Part No.:
- AP431VG-A
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Datasheet:
-
AP431VG-A.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 1% TO92
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,609
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Product details
Overview
AP431VG-A from Diodes Incorporated is a 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator with 2.495V ±0.5% reference voltage, 0.2Ω dynamic output impedance, and 200mA sink current capability. It operates over –20°C to +85°C and supports programmable output voltages from 2.495V to 36V using two external resistors. It serves as a high-accuracy replacement for Zener diodes in feedback loops of isolated DC-DC converters.
For engineers reviewing the AP431VG-A datasheet, AP431VG-A pinout, AP431VG-A application, or AP431VG-A equivalent, key selection criteria include reference tolerance (±0.5%), cathode current range (0.19–250mA), temperature coefficient (30ppm/°C), and SOT25 package compatibility with space-constrained power supply designs.
Technical Context
The AP431VG-A implements a bandgap-based precision reference core with active output circuitry enabling sharp turn-on characteristics and low dynamic impedance. Its internal architecture delivers stable regulation without external compensation across load and line variations.
It functions as a 2.495V reference with programmable gain via external resistor divider, supporting both voltage monitoring and current-sinking roles. The device maintains <20mV reference deviation over full temperature range and exhibits sub-μA reference input current (1.4–3.5μA typical).
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage | 2.495V ±0.5% - enables fixed or adjustable output regulation without trimming potentiometers |
| Sink Current Range | 0.19mA to 200mA - supports direct feedback control in 5–24V isolated flyback and forward converters |
| Dynamic Output Impedance | 0.2Ω typical - ensures minimal output voltage shift under transient load changes |
| Temp Coefficient | 30ppm/°C - guarantees ≤±8mV reference drift over –20°C to +85°C operating range |
| Min Cathode Current | 0.19mA - allows stable regulation even in ultra-low-power standby modes |
| Output Voltage Range | 2.495V to 36V - set by external R1/R2 divider; supports wide-input industrial and telecom supplies |
| Operating Temp | –20°C to +85°C - qualified for extended commercial environments including industrial power modules |
Pinout & Package
AP431VG-A is packaged in SOT25 (3-pin, lead-free, RoHS-compliant) with exposed pad thermal enhancement. Pin assignments are standardized: Pin 1 = Cathode, Pin 2 = Anode, Pin 3 = REF (Reference Input), Pins 4–5 = NC (No Connect).
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Pin 1 (Cathode) | Regulated output node | Connects to feedback point in secondary-side regulation; sinks current to adjust duty cycle |
| Pin 2 (Anode) | Ground return path | Low-impedance return for cathode current; must be routed with minimal trace inductance |
| Pin 3 (REF) | Precision reference input | High-impedance node sensing divided output voltage; requires clean routing away from noise sources |
| Pins 4 & 5 (NC) | No electrical connection | Thermally conductive but electrically isolated; may be tied to ground plane for thermal relief |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Precision reference tolerance | ±0.5% - eliminates need for post-production calibration in mid-tier power supplies |
| Low dynamic output impedance | 0.2Ω - maintains tight output regulation during fast load transients in server PSUs |
| Fast turn-on response | Sub-microsecond rise time - enables reliable startup sequencing in multi-rail systems |
| Programmable output voltage | 2.495V–36V via R1/R2 - supports single BOM for multiple output variants in adapter designs |
| Lead-free & halogen-free | RoHS 2 and "Green" compliant - meets IPC-1752A reporting requirements for automotive and industrial OEMs |
Applications
| Isolated Flyback Converter Feedback | Voltage Monitor Circuit |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Secondary-side voltage regulation in 12V/5V AC-DC adapters for consumer electronics. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt regulator providing error signal to optocoupler, closing feedback loop across isolation barrier. Use Value: ±0.5% reference accuracy enables ±1.5% output tolerance without secondary-side LDO, reducing BOM cost and board area. |
Use Scenario: Dual-threshold over/under-voltage detection in battery management systems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision reference for comparator inputs; sets trip points via resistor dividers on VIN. Use Value: 30ppm/°C tempco ensures stable thresholds across –20°C to +70°C ambient, avoiding false trips in automotive cabins. |
| Constant-Current Sink | Crowbar Overvoltage Protection |
|
Use Scenario: LED driver for signage lighting requiring stable current despite input ripple. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Reference-controlled current source sinking LED string current through external MOSFET. Use Value: 0.2Ω output impedance minimizes current variation (<±0.8%) under ±10% input voltage swing. |
Use Scenario: Primary-side overvoltage shutdown in telecom rectifiers to prevent downstream damage. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Triggering thyristor gate when sensed voltage exceeds 58V threshold via R1/R2 divider. Use Value: Sharp turn-on characteristic ensures <100ns response to overvoltage events, limiting energy dissipation in crowbar SCR. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar adjustable shunt regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431BIDBVR | ±0.5% ref, SO-8 package, 100mA max sink, 0.22Ω ZKA | Larger footprint; lower max current limits use in >15W adapters | Preferred where SO-8 thermal mass improves long-term stability in high-ambient environments |
| AS431ATZTR-G1 | ±0.5% ref, SOT23-3, 100mA sink, 0.3Ω ZKA, not recommended for new design | Smaller size but higher output impedance reduces transient response margin | Acceptable for cost-sensitive, low-power (<5W) applications where layout space is critical |
Compared with AP431VG-A, TL431BIDBVR offers better thermal derating in SO-8 but sacrifices compactness, while AS431ATZTR-G1 matches footprint but trades 0.1Ω higher output impedance-reducing regulation fidelity in high-dV/dt environments.
Availability
AP431VG-A is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for isolated DC-DC converters, voltage monitor circuits, constant-current sinks, and crowbar protection systems requiring stable component supply and long-lifecycle support.
Supply support for AP431VG-A includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Diodes Incorporated is a global semiconductor company specializing in discrete, analog, and mixed-signal ICs for power management, signal integrity, and connectivity applications.
The AP431 series belongs to Diodes' precision shunt regulator product line, designed specifically for high-accuracy, low-drift voltage reference and feedback control in cost-sensitive power conversion systems.
FAQ
What is the minimum cathode current required for regulation in AP431VG-A?
The AP431VG-A requires a minimum cathode current of 0.19mA to maintain regulation, verified per DS31002 Rev. 21–2 Section 5. This value ensures stable operation even in ultra-low-power standby states of AC-DC adapters and IoT power supplies.
Can AP431VG-A replace a Zener diode directly in existing designs?
Yes-AP431VG-A can directly replace Zener diodes rated ≥2.495V when used with two external resistors forming a voltage divider. Its active circuitry provides sharper knee characteristics and tighter tolerance than passive Zeners, improving regulation accuracy without layout changes.
Does AP431VG-A support operation above 85°C ambient temperature?
No-AP431VG-A is specified for –20°C to +85°C operating ambient temperature. Exceeding +85°C risks exceeding maximum junction temperature (TJ = +150°C), especially in SOT25 packages with limited thermal dissipation; derating curves in DS31002 must be applied for elevated ambient use.
How does the REF pin's input current affect accuracy in high-impedance divider networks?
The REF pin draws only 1.4–3.5μA typical input current, so for R1+R2 ≤100kΩ, error contribution remains <0.035%. However, above 500kΩ total divider resistance, bias current introduces measurable offset-designs should limit divider impedance or add compensating resistor per AN78 application note.
AP431VG-A Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Package/Case:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Tape & Box (TB)
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 2.495V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 36 V
- Current - Output:
- 200 mA
- Tolerance:
- ±1%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- 30ppm/°C
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 500 µA
- Operating Temperature:
- -20°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-92
AP431VG-A FAQ
1.How can I place an order for AP431VG-A through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for AP431VG-A on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for AP431VG-A reliable?
The price and inventory of AP431VG-A are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for AP431VG-A is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for AP431VG-A?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for AP431VG-A transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for AP431VG-A?
AP431VG-A orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your AP431VG-A order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for AP431VG-A?
For technical support, including AP431VG-A datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your AP431VG-A requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that AP431VG-A is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All AP431VG-A products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that AP431VG-A meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of AP431VG-A?
All AP431VG-A units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with AP431VG-A, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The AP431VG-A part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for AP431VG-A:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
AP431VG-A Tags
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TL431BQDBZR
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AN431AN-ATRG1
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LM4040DIM3X-2.5/NOPB
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AZ431LANTR-G1
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