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Diodes Incorporated AP431VL-A
- Part No.:
- AP431VL-A
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Datasheet:
-
AP431VL-A.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 1% TO92
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,172
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Product details
Overview
AP431VL-A from Diodes Incorporated is a 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator with 2.495V ±0.5% reference voltage, 0.2Ω dynamic output impedance, and 200mA sink current capability. It replaces Zener diodes in feedback loops of AC/DC adapters, LED drivers, and voltage monitors where stable 2.495V reference and sharp turn-on are required.
For engineers reviewing the AP431VL-A datasheet, AP431VL-A pinout, AP431VL-A application, or AP431VL-A equivalent, this device supports programmable output voltages up to 36V via external resistor dividers, operates across –20°C to +85°C, and is available in SC59 package with RoHS-compliant, halogen-free construction.
Technical Context
The AP431VL-A implements a precision bandgap reference with active output circuitry enabling fast turn-on response and low 0.2Ω dynamic output impedance. Its reference voltage exhibits ±0.5% initial tolerance and 30ppm/°C full-range temperature coefficient.
It functions as a two-input comparator driving an NPN output stage: the REF pin senses voltage relative to cathode, while the anode serves as the return path. Minimum regulation current is 300μA, and off-state cathode leakage remains below 1.0μA at 36V.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage | 2.495V ±0.5% - enables fixed or programmable regulation without trim potentiometers |
| Sink Current Capacity | 200mA - supports high-current feedback paths in SMPS secondary-side controllers |
| Dynamic Output Impedance | 0.2Ω - ensures stable loop response and minimal output voltage deviation under load transients |
| Min Cathode Current | 300μA - allows reliable regulation in ultra-low-power bias networks |
| Temp Coefficient | 30ppm/°C - maintains <±8mV drift over –20°C to +85°C for precision voltage monitoring |
| Output Voltage Range | 2.495V to 36V - set by external R1/R2 divider; no internal upper limit beyond cathode rating |
| Off-State Leakage | ≤1.0μA at 36V - prevents unintended discharge in standby or crowbar circuits |
Pinout & Package
AP431VL-A is packaged in SC59 - a 3-pin surface-mount package with gull-wing leads, 1.6mm body width, and 2.8mm length. Pin 1 is Anode, Pin 2 is REF, Pin 3 is Cathode (top view).
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Anode (Pin 1) | Current return path | Connected to system ground or low-impedance return node; carries full cathode current |
| REF (Pin 2) | Reference input | Senses divided output voltage; internal comparator compares to 2.495V bandgap reference |
| Cathode (Pin 3) | Regulated output terminal | Sinks current to maintain VOUT = VREF × (1 + R1/R2); rated for 250mA continuous |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Precision reference voltage | 2.495V ±0.5% - eliminates need for post-production trimming in power supply feedback networks |
| Low dynamic output impedance | 0.2Ω - minimizes output voltage perturbation during transient load steps in closed-loop regulation |
| Sharp turn-on response | Sub-microsecond rise time - enables fast error correction in overvoltage protection and crowbar circuits |
| Programmable output range | 2.495V–36V - achieved with standard resistor values; no internal voltage scaling limitations |
| RoHS & Green compliance | Lead-free, halogen-free, antimony-free - meets IPC-1752A Class 3 material declarations for industrial end equipment |
Applications
| AC/DC Adapter Feedback | LED Constant-Current Driver |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Secondary-side voltage regulation in isolated flyback converters powering consumer electronics. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt regulator providing optocoupler bias and error signal to primary controller via TL431-compatible interface. Use Value: ±0.5% reference tolerance ensures ±1% output voltage accuracy without calibration; 0.2Ω impedance improves transient recovery time by >40% vs. Zener alternatives. |
Use Scenario: Precision current regulation for high-brightness LED strings in architectural lighting. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable shunt reference setting current-sense voltage across series sense resistor in constant-current sink topology. Use Value: 30ppm/°C tempco limits LED current drift to <±2% over ambient range; 200mA sink capacity supports up to 10W LED loads. |
| Voltage Monitor Circuit | Crowbar Overvoltage Protection |
|
Use Scenario: Dual-threshold detection for battery pack voltage window monitoring in portable medical devices. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Comparator configured with hysteresis using REF input to trigger MOSFET gate when voltage exceeds preset high/low limits. Use Value: 1.4–3.5μA reference input current enables high-impedance sensing without loading source; fast turn-on ensures <10μs response to overvoltage events. |
Use Scenario: Fail-safe shutdown of DC bus in industrial motor drives during overvoltage faults. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Trigger element in SCR-gated crowbar circuit, activated when sensed bus voltage exceeds 33V threshold. Use Value: 250mA cathode current rating directly drives SCR gate without buffer; low 0.2Ω impedance ensures clean trigger edge even with noisy bus conditions. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar adjustable shunt regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431BIDBZR | 2.495V ±0.5%, SO-8 package, 100mA sink, 0.3Ω impedance | Limited to 100mA; requires larger PCB area; higher thermal resistance than SC59 | Select when SO-8 footprint compatibility or TI ecosystem alignment is mandatory |
| AS431AT-E1 | 2.495V ±0.5%, SOT-23 package, 100mA sink, 0.25Ω impedance | Lower power dissipation rating (400mW vs. 400mW SC59), smaller thermal mass | Prefer for space-constrained designs where 100mA sink suffices and reflow profile favors SOT-23 |
Compared with TL431BIDBZR and AS431AT-E1, AP431VL-A delivers 200mA sink current in compact SC59 with identical reference accuracy and lower output impedance-enabling higher-power feedback control and improved thermal performance in dense power layouts.
Availability
AP431VL-A is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for AC/DC adapter feedback, LED driver current regulation, and voltage monitor circuits requiring stable component supply with guaranteed long-term sourcing.
Supply support for AP431VL-A includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Diodes Incorporated is a global manufacturer of discrete semiconductors and analog ICs, specializing in power management, signal integrity, and protection solutions for industrial, computing, and consumer markets.
AP431VL-A belongs to Diodes' precision shunt regulator product line, designed specifically for high-accuracy, low-drift voltage reference and feedback applications in regulated power supplies and safety-critical monitoring systems.
FAQ
What is the maximum cathode voltage rating for AP431VL-A?
The absolute maximum cathode voltage is +36V. Exceeding this value risks permanent damage to the internal bandgap reference and output transistor. This rating applies regardless of anode or REF pin voltage, and must be respected in crowbar or overvoltage clamp configurations where cathode may experience transient spikes.
Can AP431VL-A operate with less than 300μA cathode current?
No-regulation is not guaranteed below 300μA minimum cathode current. At currents near or below this threshold, output voltage deviates significantly from the 2.495V reference, and temperature stability degrades. For ultra-low-current applications, consider adding a small parallel bleed resistor to ensure minimum current is maintained.
How does the SC59 package affect thermal performance compared to SOT-23?
The SC59 package offers 400mW power dissipation at +25°C ambient, matching SOT-23R but exceeding standard SOT-23 (400mW vs. 300mW). Its larger copper pad area and lower thermal resistance (θJA ≈ 250°C/W vs. 300°C/W for SOT-23) enable sustained 200mA operation at higher ambient temperatures without derating.
Is AP431VL-A suitable for use in crowbar circuits with SCRs?
Yes-its 200mA sink current capability directly drives typical SCR gates (e.g., MCR106, BT169) without external buffering. The sharp turn-on response (<1μs) ensures rapid SCR triggering during overvoltage events, and the 0.2Ω output impedance maintains clean gate drive waveform integrity even with long PCB traces.
AP431VL-A Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Package/Case:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Tape & Box (TB)
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 2.495V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 36 V
- Current - Output:
- 200 mA
- Tolerance:
- ±1%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- 30ppm/°C
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 500 µA
- Operating Temperature:
- -20°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-92
AP431VL-A FAQ
1.How can I place an order for AP431VL-A through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for AP431VL-A on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for AP431VL-A reliable?
The price and inventory of AP431VL-A are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for AP431VL-A is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for AP431VL-A?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for AP431VL-A transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for AP431VL-A?
AP431VL-A orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your AP431VL-A order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for AP431VL-A?
For technical support, including AP431VL-A datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your AP431VL-A requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that AP431VL-A is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All AP431VL-A products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that AP431VL-A meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of AP431VL-A?
All AP431VL-A units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with AP431VL-A, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The AP431VL-A part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for AP431VL-A:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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