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Diodes Incorporated AP432ARL-7
- Part No.:
- AP432ARL-7
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-236-3, SC-59, SOT-23-3
- Datasheet:
-
AP432ARL-7.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 0.5% SC59R
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:1,075
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Product details
Overview
AP432ARL-7 from Diodes Incorporated is a 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator with ±0.5% reference voltage tolerance, 1.24 V nominal VREF, and guaranteed stability over –20°C to +85°C. It sinks up to 200 mA, features 0.2 Ω dynamic output impedance, and sets programmable output voltages from 1.24 V to 20 V using two external resistors - widely used in feedback loops of isolated DC-DC converters and voltage monitors.
For engineers reviewing the AP432ARL-7 datasheet, AP432ARL-7 pinout, AP432ARL-7 application, or AP432ARL-7 equivalent, key selection criteria include reference accuracy, cathode current capability, temperature coefficient (30 ppm/°C), and SOT25 package compatibility for space-constrained power regulation designs.
Technical Context
The AP432ARL-7 implements an internal bandgap reference and high-gain error amplifier driving an active sink output stage, enabling sharp turn-on and low-output-impedance regulation without external compensation. Its functional block diagram shows direct reference (REF), anode (A), and cathode (C) terminals forming a 3-terminal topology distinct from 2-terminal Zener diodes.
It operates as a programmable shunt element where output voltage is set by resistor divider ratio across REF and cathode, with minimal reference input current (1.4–3.5 µA) and low off-state leakage (<1.0 µA at 36 V). Stability boundaries are defined per load capacitance (0.001–100 µF) and cathode current (0.15–250 mA), validated across SOT25 layout guidelines.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| VREF Tolerance | ±0.5% (AP432A grade): enables fixed-output regulation without trim potentiometers, reducing BOM cost and long-term drift. |
| Cathode Current Range | 0.15 mA to 200 mA: supports both low-power biasing and higher-current shunt regulation in flyback or forward converter feedback networks. |
| Dynamic Output Impedance | 0.2 Ω typical: ensures tight output voltage regulation under dynamic load transients in closed-loop SMPS applications. |
| Temp Coefficient | 30 ppm/°C (equivalent full-range): maintains <±3 mV VREF drift over –20°C to +85°C, critical for industrial-grade power supplies. |
| Programmable VOUT | 1.24 V to 20 V: achieved via external R1/R2 divider; eliminates need for multiple fixed-voltage references in multi-rail systems. |
| Min Cathode Voltage | 1.24 V (VREF): defines lowest usable output; compatible with 1.8 V, 3.3 V, and 5 V system rails when configured as voltage monitor. |
| Package Thermal Rating | 550 mW (SOT25): allows ~1.1 W dissipation at 85°C ambient with 20°C/W board-level θJA, supporting moderate-power shunt loads. |
Pinout & Package
SOT25 package: 5-pin surface-mount outline with exposed thermal pad; pin 1 = Cathode, pin 2 = Anode, pin 3 = NC, pin 4 = REF, pin 5 = NC (top view). Pin 3 and 5 are no-connects and must be left unconnected or grounded per layout guidelines.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 (Cathode) | Regulated output node | Sinks current to ground or return path; connects to feedback node of isolated DC-DC converter secondary side. |
| 2 (Anode) | Reference return path | Connects to system ground or common return; establishes reference potential for internal error amplifier. |
| 3 (NC) | No connection | Internally unconnected; must remain floating or tied to ground only if required by PCB thermal relief design. |
| 4 (REF) | Reference input | High-impedance input sensing divided-down output voltage; drives internal comparator to maintain VREF = 1.24 V. |
| 5 (NC) | No connection | Internally unconnected; no electrical function; avoid routing signals or traces to this pin. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Adjustable shunt regulation | Enables single-part support for 1.24–20 V outputs via resistor selection-reducing inventory vs. fixed-voltage shunts. |
| Low reference current | 1.4–3.5 µA max IREF: minimizes loading on feedback divider, preserving accuracy in high-resistance networks (e.g., 100 kΩ+). |
| Sharp turn-on response | Fast activation below VREF threshold enables precise overvoltage detection in crowbar circuits without hysteresis components. |
| Lead-free & Halogen-free | SOT25 package meets RoHS 2011/65/EU and Diodes Inc.'s "Green" standard (<900 ppm Br/Cl, <1000 ppm Sb). |
| Stability-tested layout | Validated SOT25 pad dimensions (X=0.55 mm, Y=0.80 mm, C1=2.40 mm) prevent oscillation with 0.001–100 µF capacitive loads. |
Applications
| Isolated Flyback Converter Feedback | Overvoltage Protection Circuit |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Secondary-side voltage sensing in AC/DC adapters with optocoupler-based feedback loop. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable shunt regulator providing precise 12 V or 19 V reference to optocoupler LED driver. Use Value: ±0.5% VREF tolerance ensures <±1% output regulation across line/load/temperature, meeting Level VI efficiency requirements. |
Use Scenario: Monitoring 24 V industrial bus for overvoltage events exceeding 26.5 V. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Programmable shunt element triggering SCR gate drive when VIN > (1 + R1/R2) × 1.24 V. Use Value: 30 ppm/°C tempco guarantees trip point stability within ±0.3 V over –20°C to +85°C, eliminating thermal recalibration. |
| Constant-Current Sink | Voltage Monitor with Hysteresis |
|
Use Scenario: LED biasing in automotive interior lighting with 350 mA nominal current. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt regulator configured as current source via RCL = VREF/IOUT (e.g., 3.54 Ω for 350 mA). Use Value: 0.2 Ω dynamic impedance ensures <±35 mA current variation across 10–100 mA load steps, maintaining consistent luminance. |
Use Scenario: Dual-threshold monitoring of 5 V microcontroller supply (low limit = 4.75 V, high limit = 5.25 V). IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Two AP432ARL-7 units with separate R1/R2 dividers generating independent enable signals for UVLO/OVP logic. Use Value: Independent ±0.5% reference accuracy per channel enables 50 mV window resolution without trimming, simplifying PCB layout. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar adjustable shunt regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| AZ431L | ±0.5% VREF, same 1.24 V, but lower max cathode current (100 mA vs. 200 mA); 0.3 Ω ZKA. | Limited to ≤100 mA shunt loads; unsuitable for high-current crowbar or constant-current sink above 100 mA. | Select AZ431L only when cathode current stays below 100 mA and board space permits SO-8 or SOT23 footprint. |
| TL431ACDBVR | ±1% VREF, 2.5 V nominal (not 1.24 V); requires different R1/R2 scaling; 0.22 Ω ZKA. | Cannot directly replace AP432ARL-7 in 1.24 V–referenced circuits without redesigning feedback network. | Choose TL431ACDBVR only when 2.5 V reference is acceptable and tighter 1.24 V accuracy is not required. |
Compared with AZ431L and TL431ACDBVR, AP432ARL-7 offers superior cathode current headroom (200 mA) and native 1.24 V reference-enabling direct drop-in replacement in low-voltage, high-accuracy shunt applications without resistor recalculations or derating.
Availability
AP432ARL-7 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for isolated DC-DC converter feedback, overvoltage protection circuits, and constant-current sink designs requiring stable component supply, RoHS-compliant packaging, and industrial temperature range operation.
Supply support for AP432ARL-7 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Diodes Incorporated is a global manufacturer of discrete semiconductors and analog ICs, specializing in power management, signal integrity, and protection solutions for industrial, computing, and consumer markets.
The AP432/AP432A series was designed specifically for precision shunt regulation in space-constrained, cost-sensitive power systems-emphasizing accuracy, thermal stability, and compatibility with standard SMT assembly processes.
FAQ
What is the maximum cathode voltage rating for AP432ARL-7?
The absolute maximum cathode voltage is 20 V, as specified in the Absolute Maximum Ratings table. Exceeding this voltage risks permanent damage to the internal reference circuitry and output stage, regardless of current level. Applications requiring >20 V regulation must use external clamping or step-down pre-regulation.
Can AP432ARL-7 replace a Zener diode in existing designs?
Yes - AP432ARL-7 replaces Zener diodes in shunt regulation roles with superior performance: ±0.5% reference accuracy vs. typical ±5% Zener tolerance, 0.2 Ω dynamic impedance vs. 10–100 Ω Zener impedance, and sharp turn-on eliminating soft knee behavior. External resistor values must be recalculated using VOUT = (1 + R1/R2) × 1.24 V.
Does AP432ARL-7 require external compensation for stability?
No external compensation is required when used within validated stability boundaries: cathode current 0.15–250 mA and load capacitance 0.001–100 µF. The SOT25 layout with recommended pad dimensions (X=0.55 mm, Y=0.80 mm) ensures phase margin >45° without added RC networks, per Figure 6 in DS31003 Rev. 19.
Is AP432ARL-7 suitable for automotive applications?
AP432ARL-7 is rated for –20°C to +85°C operating temperature and qualified to AEC-Q200 stress test standards for passive components, but it is not AEC-Q100 qualified as an integrated circuit. For automotive powertrain or safety-critical modules, Diodes Incorporated recommends the AEC-Q100 qualified AZ431L-A or AP432AQ variants instead.
AP432ARL-7 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Package/Case:
- TO-236-3, SC-59, SOT-23-3
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 1.24V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 20 V
- Current - Output:
- 200 mA
- Tolerance:
- ±0.5%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- 30ppm/°C
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 300 µA
- Operating Temperature:
- -20°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- SC-59R
AP432ARL-7 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for AP432ARL-7 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for AP432ARL-7 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for AP432ARL-7 reliable?
The price and inventory of AP432ARL-7 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for AP432ARL-7 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for AP432ARL-7?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for AP432ARL-7 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for AP432ARL-7?
AP432ARL-7 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your AP432ARL-7 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for AP432ARL-7?
For technical support, including AP432ARL-7 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your AP432ARL-7 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that AP432ARL-7 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All AP432ARL-7 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that AP432ARL-7 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of AP432ARL-7?
All AP432ARL-7 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with AP432ARL-7, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The AP432ARL-7 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for AP432ARL-7:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
AP432ARL-7 Tags
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TL431BQDBZR
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AZ431LBNTR-G1
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LM4040DIM3X-2.5/NOPB
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AZ431LANTR-G1
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