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Home > Products > Integrated Circuits (ICs) > Power Management (PMIC) > Voltage Reference

Diodes Incorporated AP432YL-13

Name: AP432YL-13
Brand: Diodes Incorporated
SKU: AP432YL-13
Price: 2.40 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (2 reviews)

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Part No.:: AP432YL-13

Manufacturer:: Diodes Incorporated

Category:: Voltage Reference

Package:: TO-243AA

Datasheet:: AP432YL-13.pdf

Description:: IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 1% SOT89-3

Quantity:: RFQ Add To RFQ list

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Inventory:4,009

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Product details

Overview

AP432YL-13 from Diodes Incorporated is a 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator with ±1% reference voltage tolerance (1.24 V), 200 mA sink current capability, and 0.2 Ω dynamic output impedance. It operates over −20°C to +85°C and delivers programmable output voltage from 1.24 V to 20 V using two external resistors - widely used in feedback loops of isolated DC-DC converters and voltage monitors.

For engineers reviewing the AP432YL-13 datasheet, AP432YL-13 pinout, AP432YL-13 application, or AP432YL-13 equivalent, key selection criteria include reference accuracy, cathode current rating, temperature coefficient (30 ppm/°C), minimum regulation current (150 µA), and SOT89-3 thermal performance for medium-power linear regulation.

Technical Context

The AP432YL-13 implements a precision bandgap reference core with active output circuitry enabling sharp turn-on characteristics and low-output-impedance regulation. Its internal error amplifier compares the divided cathode voltage against a stable 1.24 V reference, driving the cathode terminal to maintain regulation.

It supports programmable output via external resistor dividers and exhibits low output noise and fast transient response. The device requires only 150 µA minimum cathode current to sustain regulation and maintains stability across load capacitance up to 100 µF depending on operating point - critical for crowbar and overvoltage protection circuits.

Key Specifications

Parameter	Value and Actual Design Meaning
Reference Voltage	1.24 V ±1% - enables accurate, resistor-programmable output without trimming components
Sink Current Rating	200 mA - supports medium-current shunt regulation and crowbar triggering
Dynamic Output Impedance	0.2 Ω - ensures tight regulation under dynamic load changes in feedback networks
Temp Coefficient	30 ppm/°C - guarantees <±3 mV drift over full −20°C to +85°C range
Min Cathode Current	150 µA - allows regulation at ultra-low bias currents in standby or monitoring modes
Output Voltage Range	1.24 V to 20 V - set by external R1/R2 divider; no internal upper limit beyond cathode voltage rating
Absolute Max Cathode Voltage	20 V - defines maximum input voltage in shunt regulator or overvoltage clamp configurations

Pinout & Package

AP432YL-13 is housed in a thermally enhanced SOT89-3 package with exposed anode tab for improved power dissipation (800 mW at +25°C ambient). Pin 1 = Anode (connected to system ground or return path), Pin 2 = Cathode (output node, sinks current), Pin 3 = REF (reference input, connects to resistor divider midpoint).

Pin/Terminal	Circuit Role	Design Meaning
1 (Anode)	Current return path / ground reference	Internally tied to substrate; must be connected to lowest potential node for stable operation and thermal conduction
2 (Cathode)	Regulated output / current sink terminal	Source of regulated voltage; sinks up to 200 mA; connects to feedback node of isolated flyback or forward converters
3 (REF)	Reference input / error amplifier inverting input	Compares divided cathode voltage against internal 1.24 V reference; high-impedance node (I_REF ≤ 3.5 µA)

Key Features

Feature	Design Value
Precision reference tolerance	±1% (AP432) - eliminates need for trim pots in cost-sensitive power supplies
Low dynamic output impedance	0.2 Ω - minimizes output voltage deviation during load transients in feedback paths
Sharp turn-on response	Active output stage enables fast regulation onset - critical for overvoltage protection timing
Programmable output range	1.24 V to 20 V - supports wide variety of secondary-side regulation schemes without part change
Thermal robustness	SOT89-3 package with 800 mW P_D - sustains higher continuous power than SOT23/SOT25 variants

Applications

Isolated Flyback Feedback

Overvoltage Protection

Use Scenario: Secondary-side voltage sensing in AC/DC adapters and industrial SMPS with optocoupler feedback loop.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision shunt regulator providing stable reference to optocoupler LED drive circuit.

Use Value: Enables ±1% output regulation accuracy across line/load/temperature; replaces Zener diodes with superior stability and lower drift.

Use Scenario: Monitoring main rail voltage in telecom power systems to trigger shutdown before damage occurs.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable threshold detector that pulls down control logic when V_IN exceeds programmed limit.

Use Value: Programmable trip point (e.g., 12.5 V ±1%) with sub-10 µs response; avoids discrete comparator + reference IC complexity.

Constant-Current Sink

Crowbar Circuit Trigger

Use Scenario: Biasing high-brightness LEDs or setting laser diode current in optical modules.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt-based current source where cathode current equals V_REF/R_SET.

Use Value: Delivers stable 1–200 mA current with <±1% accuracy and <30 ppm/°C drift - no external op-amp required.

Use Scenario: Protecting downstream FETs or regulators from catastrophic overvoltage events in motor drives.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Fast-acting trigger that shorts supply rail to ground when overvoltage detected.

Use Value: Sub-microsecond turn-on enables reliable SCR gate firing before voltage exceeds safe limits (e.g., >16 V on 12 V rail).

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar adjustable shunt regulator applications.

Alternative Part	Technical Difference	Application Difference	Selection Advice
AZ431L	±0.5% reference tolerance, 100 mA sink rating, SO-8/SOT23 packages only	Limited to lower-current designs; lacks SOT89-3 thermal capability	Preferred for high-accuracy, low-power applications where thermal headroom is not constrained
TL431BIDBZR	±0.5% tolerance, 100 mA rating, SOT23-3 package, higher 0.35 Ω Z_KA	Not suitable for >100 mA shunt loads or high-thermal-demand placements	Best for space-constrained PCBs needing tighter initial accuracy but lower power handling

Compared with AZ431L and TL431BIDBZR, AP432YL-13 trades minor reference accuracy (±1% vs ±0.5%) for 2× higher sink current and superior thermal performance in SOT89-3 - making it optimal for medium-power, cost-sensitive, and thermally demanding shunt regulation tasks.

Availability

AP432YL-13 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for isolated DC-DC feedback loops, overvoltage protection circuits, constant-current LED drivers, and crowbar safety systems requiring stable component supply and long-term manufacturability.

Supply support for AP432YL-13 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Diodes Incorporated is a global manufacturer of discrete semiconductors and analog ICs, specializing in high-reliability power management, signal integrity, and protection solutions for industrial, computing, and consumer markets.

The AP432 series belongs to Diodes' precision shunt regulator product line, designed specifically to replace Zener diodes in feedback, protection, and current-setting applications where accuracy, stability, and thermal resilience are essential.

FAQ

What is the maximum cathode voltage the AP432YL-13 can regulate?

The absolute maximum cathode voltage is 20 V per the datasheet's Absolute Maximum Ratings table. Operation above this level risks permanent damage. For reliable long-term use, design cathode voltage to remain ≤18 V under all conditions including transients and ripple.

Can AP432YL-13 replace a standard Zener diode directly?

Yes - with identical pinout in SOT89-3 (Anode–Cathode–REF), it substitutes Zeners in shunt regulator roles. Unlike Zeners, it requires only two external resistors for programmable voltage and delivers ±1% accuracy, 30 ppm/°C drift, and 0.2 Ω dynamic impedance - significantly improving regulation stability.

Does AP432YL-13 require an external capacitor for stability?

No external capacitor is required for basic regulation, but stability depends on load capacitance and operating point. The datasheet provides stability boundary curves showing safe CL ranges (e.g., ≤10 µF at 10 mA, ≤100 µF at 100 mA). Always verify phase margin in target application.

Is AP432YL-13 RoHS compliant and halogen-free?

Yes - AP432YL-13 uses a lead-free finish and "Green" molding compound compliant with RoHS 2 (2011/65/EU) and contains <900 ppm bromine, <900 ppm chlorine, and <1000 ppm antimony - meeting Diodes Incorporated's halogen- and antimony-free definition.

AP432YL-13 Specifications

Product attributes: Attribute value

Manufacturer:: Diodes Incorporated

Package/Case:: TO-243AA

Series:: -

Packaging:: Tape & Reel (TR)

Product Status:: Obsolete

Reference Type:: Shunt

Output Type:: Adjustable

Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):: 1.24V

Voltage - Output (Max):: 20 V

Current - Output:: 200 mA

Tolerance:: ±1%

Temperature Coefficient:: 30ppm/°C

Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:: -

Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:: -

Voltage - Input:: -

Current - Supply:: -

Current - Cathode:: 300 µA

Operating Temperature:: -20°C ~ 85°C (TA)

Grade:: -

Qualification:: -

Mounting Type:: Surface Mount

Supplier Device Package:: SOT-89-3

AP432YL-13 FAQ

1.How can I place an order for AP432YL-13 through Aetrix?

Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for AP432YL-13 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.

2.Are the price and stock information for AP432YL-13 reliable?

The price and inventory of AP432YL-13 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for AP432YL-13 is usually 5 days.

3.What payment methods are accepted for AP432YL-13?

We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for AP432YL-13 transactions.

Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.

4.How is shipping managed for AP432YL-13?

AP432YL-13 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.

Once your AP432YL-13 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.

Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.

5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for AP432YL-13?

For technical support, including AP432YL-13 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your AP432YL-13 requirements.

6.How does Aetrix verify that AP432YL-13 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?

All AP432YL-13 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that AP432YL-13 meets industry standards.

7.What is the process for return or replacement of AP432YL-13?

All AP432YL-13 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with AP432YL-13, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:

1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.

2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.

3.The AP432YL-13 part is unused and in its original packaging.

Return procedure for AP432YL-13:

1.Submit a request within 90 days.

2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.

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