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Diodes Incorporated AZ431AZ-AE1
- Part No.:
- AZ431AZ-AE1
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA)
- Datasheet:
-
AZ431AZ-AE1.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 0.4% TO92
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,523
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Product details
Overview
AZ431AZ-AE1 from Diodes Incorporated is a three-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator with 0.4% reference voltage tolerance, 2.5V to 36V programmable output range, and guaranteed thermal stability from −40°C to +125°C. It replaces Zener diodes in switching power supplies, battery chargers, and precision voltage references, delivering low 0.15Ω dynamic impedance and 4.5mV typical reference voltage deviation over full temperature range.
For engineers reviewing the AZ431AZ-AE1 datasheet, AZ431AZ-AE1 pinout, AZ431AZ-AE1 application, or AZ431AZ-AE1 equivalent, key selection criteria include cathode voltage rating (36V max), sink current capability (1–100mA), TO92 package thermal resistance (165°C/W), and low-temperature-coefficient operation (20ppm/°C typical) for stable feedback loops in DC-DC converters and adapter circuits.
Technical Context
The AZ431AZ-AE1 operates as a two-input, one-output precision voltage reference comparator with internal bandgap reference and NPN output stage. Its REF pin senses a fraction of cathode voltage via external resistive divider, triggering regulation when error exceeds threshold - enabling precise, externally set output voltages without trimming.
It features sharp turn-on characteristics and high stability under capacitive loads up to 100µF, supported by low output noise and minimal sensitivity to cathode voltage variation (−1.0 to −2.7mV/V). The device maintains regulation down to 0.4mA minimum cathode current and exhibits <1.0µA off-state leakage at 36V cathode voltage.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage (VREF) | 2.500V ±0.4% - sets precise regulation point for feedback networks in isolated or non-isolated DC-DC converters. |
| Cathode Voltage Range | 2.5V to 36V - enables wide-range output adjustment using standard resistor dividers without external op-amps. |
| Dynamic Impedance (ZKA) | 0.15Ω typical - ensures minimal output voltage perturbation under load transients in shunt-regulated supplies. |
| Tempco (ΔVREF/ΔT) | 20ppm/°C typical - guarantees ≤16mV total drift across −40°C to +125°C, critical for industrial-grade adapters. |
| Sink Current Range | 1mA to 100mA - supports direct drive of optocoupler LEDs or error amplifiers in flyback controllers without buffering. |
| Operating Temperature | −40°C to +125°C - validated for under-hood automotive charging modules and industrial power supply control circuits. |
| Off-State Cathode Leakage | 0.05µA typical at 36V - minimizes standby power loss in always-on auxiliary rails and battery-backed systems. |
Pinout & Package
Package: TO92 (Bulk packing, lead-free, RoHS compliant). Three-pin through-hole package with 165°C/W junction-to-ambient thermal resistance and 12.5mm body length.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Pin 1 (Anode) | Anode connection | Connected to system ground or low-side return path; completes shunt current loop with cathode. |
| Pin 2 (Ref) | Reference input | High-impedance node sensing divided cathode voltage; sets regulation threshold via external R1/R2 divider. |
| Pin 3 (Cathode) | Cathode output | High-current output terminal sourcing regulated voltage; connects to feedback node of PWM controller or optocoupler anode. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Programmable output voltage | 2.5V–36V via two-resistor divider - eliminates need for multiple fixed-voltage references in multi-output power designs. |
| Low temperature coefficient | 20ppm/°C typical - reduces calibration drift in precision instrumentation and telecom power modules. |
| High capacitive load stability | Stable with ≥100µF output capacitance - enables direct use in low-ESR ceramic-capacitor-based SMPS without phase compensation. |
| Sharp turn-on characteristic | ≤100ns response to reference error - ensures fast correction of output deviations in high-frequency switching regulators. |
| Low output noise | Sub-10µV RMS - preserves signal integrity in analog front-ends powered from shunt-regulated rails. |
Applications
| Switching Power Supply | Battery Charger |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Secondary-side voltage feedback in isolated flyback converters. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision shunt reference providing stable 2.5V reference to optocoupler LED driver, enabling accurate primary-side regulation. Use Value: Maintains ±1% output accuracy across line/load/temperature with no external trimming required. |
Use Scenario: Constant-voltage stage control in Li-ion USB wall adapters. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable reference setting 4.2V battery termination voltage via R1/R2 network. Use Value: Enables single-BOM support for multiple battery chemistries by changing only two resistors. |
| Voltage Adapter | Graphic Card VRM |
Use Scenario: 5V-to-3.3V local regulation for PCIe interface logic on embedded boards. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-noise shunt regulator replacing LDO in space-constrained locations where heat dissipation permits. Use Value: Reduces BOM count by eliminating separate 3.3V LDO while maintaining <10mV ripple under 50mA load. |
Use Scenario: GPU core voltage margining and trim in high-end graphics cards. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Programmable reference feeding DAC-controlled voltage supervisor for dynamic VDD adjustments. Use Value: Supports factory calibration and field firmware updates of GPU operating points without hardware change. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar adjustable shunt regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431ACDBVR | 0.5% VREF tolerance, SOT23 package, 100mA max sink, θJA = 380°C/W | Higher thermal resistance limits continuous current in TO92-replacement layouts; requires PCB copper pour for >30mA operation. | Select when board space is constrained and thermal management allows SOT23 mounting. |
| KA431AZTA | 0.8% VREF tolerance, same TO92 package, 165°C/W θJA, but higher 10mV temp drift | Reduced accuracy impacts tight-tolerance adapter designs; acceptable for cost-sensitive consumer chargers. | Select when budget constraints outweigh precision requirements and ambient temperature stays below 85°C. |
Compared with TL431ACDBVR and KA431AZTA, the AZ431AZ-AE1 offers superior thermal performance in TO92 form factor and tighter 0.4% initial tolerance - making it optimal for industrial adapters and automotive charging modules where long-term stability and ambient resilience are critical.
Availability
AZ431AZ-AE1 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for switching power supplies, battery chargers, and voltage adapters requiring stable component supply with full industrial temperature range support and RoHS-compliant lead-free construction.
Supply support for AZ431AZ-AE1 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Diodes Incorporated is a global manufacturer of discrete semiconductors and ICs, specializing in power management, signal integrity, and protection solutions for industrial, computing, and consumer markets.
The AZ431 series belongs to Diodes' precision reference product line, engineered specifically for high-stability shunt regulation in cost-sensitive yet thermally demanding power conversion applications.
FAQ
What is the minimum cathode current required for regulation in AZ431AZ-AE1?
The AZ431AZ-AE1 requires a minimum cathode current of 0.4mA to maintain regulation, verified per datasheet Electrical Characteristics table (IKA(Min) parameter). This low threshold enables reliable startup and light-load regulation in high-impedance feedback paths, such as those driving optocoupler LEDs with large series resistors.
Can AZ431AZ-AE1 replace a standard Zener diode directly?
Yes - AZ431AZ-AE1 functions as a 2.5V–36V programmable Zener replacement with superior specs: 0.4% reference tolerance vs. typical 5% for Zeners, 20ppm/°C tempco vs. 5000ppm/°C, and 0.15Ω dynamic impedance vs. 10–100Ω. Direct substitution requires only adding two external resistors to set the desired output voltage.
Is AZ431AZ-AE1 compatible with lead-free reflow soldering processes?
Yes - AZ431AZ-AE1 is fully lead-free and RoHS compliant (per EU Directive 2015/863/EU), qualified for standard Pb-free reflow profiles with peak temperatures up to 260°C. Its TO92 package meets J-STD-020 moisture sensitivity level 1, requiring no pre-bake before assembly.
How does AZ431AZ-AE1 behave under capacitive loads exceeding 10µF?
The AZ431AZ-AE1 remains stable with output capacitances up to 100µF, as confirmed in the Stability Boundary Conditions vs. Load Capacitance plot (DS36721 Rev. 6-2, p.8). No external compensation is needed - unlike many Zeners or older shunt regulators - due to its optimized internal frequency response and low output impedance.
AZ431AZ-AE1 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Diodes Incorporated
- Package/Case:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA)
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Bulk
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 2.5V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 36 V
- Current - Output:
- 100 mA
- Tolerance:
- ±0.4%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- 20ppm/°C Typical
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 1 mA
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-92
AZ431AZ-AE1 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for AZ431AZ-AE1 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for AZ431AZ-AE1 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for AZ431AZ-AE1 reliable?
The price and inventory of AZ431AZ-AE1 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for AZ431AZ-AE1 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for AZ431AZ-AE1?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for AZ431AZ-AE1 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for AZ431AZ-AE1?
AZ431AZ-AE1 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your AZ431AZ-AE1 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for AZ431AZ-AE1?
For technical support, including AZ431AZ-AE1 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your AZ431AZ-AE1 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that AZ431AZ-AE1 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All AZ431AZ-AE1 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that AZ431AZ-AE1 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of AZ431AZ-AE1?
All AZ431AZ-AE1 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with AZ431AZ-AE1, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The AZ431AZ-AE1 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for AZ431AZ-AE1:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
AZ431AZ-AE1 Tags
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