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Texas Instruments BQ2012SN-D107TR
- Part No.:
- BQ2012SN-D107TR
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 16-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
BQ2012SN-D107TR.pdf
- Description:
- IC BATTERY GAS GAUGE 16-SOIC
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:4,704
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Product details
Overview
BQ2012SN-D107TR from Texas Instruments is a battery gas gauge IC designed for NiMH/NiCd battery pack integration, delivering conservative and repeatable available charge measurement via sense-resistor current monitoring, temperature-compensated self-discharge estimation, and 120µA standby current. It supports LED-based capacity display and single-wire serial communication for system-level battery status reporting in portable power tools and medical handheld devices.
For engineers reviewing the BQ2012SN-D107TR datasheet, BQ2012SN-D107TR pinout, BQ2012SN-D107TR application, or BQ2012SN-D107TR equivalent, key selection considerations include its 16-pin narrow SOIC package, VSR-based charge/discharge integration, PROGx-configurable PFC and self-discharge rate, CHG open-drain charge control output, and support for both absolute (PFC-based) and relative (LMD-based) capacity display modes.
Technical Context
The BQ2012SN-D107TR implements analog front-end integration of voltage drop across a series sense resistor (SR–VSS), with internal offset compensation (VOS) and digital magnitude filtering (VSRQ/VSRD thresholds). It maintains three primary counters-Nominal Available Charge (NAC), Last Measured Discharge (LMD), and Discharge Count Register (DCR)-with temperature-adaptive compensation applied to charge, discharge, and self-discharge calculations across -35°C to +85°C in 10°C steps.
Its operational architecture separates sensing (SR, SB, TEMP), control (CHG, EMPTY, DISP), display (LCOM, SEG1–SEG6/PROG1–PROG6), and communication (DQ) functions. The CHG output operates in continuous, pulsed (1:16 duty cycle), or top-off mode depending on NAC/LMD ratio, VSB (0.95–2.25V), temperature (0–50°C), and BRM flag state-requiring coordination with external ∆T/∆t or -∆V termination methods.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Supply Voltage | 3.0–6.5V - powers directly from 3–4-cell battery packs; REF output enables external regulator for >4 cells |
| Standby Current | 120µA typical - enables low-power self-discharge estimation without host intervention |
| Sense Input Range | VSR < VSS for discharge, VSR > VSS for charge - differential measurement referenced to VSS with VOS correction |
| Temperature Sensing | -35°C to +85°C in 10°C steps - used for charge/discharge rate and self-discharge compensation; reported as TMPGG register |
| Self-Discharge Rate | NAC64 or NAC47 per day at 20–30°C - selectable via PROG5; scales with temperature per Table 3 |
| Charge Control Output | Open-drain CHG - active-low during valid charging conditions; pulsed (0.5s low / 7.5s high) outside optimal window |
| Serial Interface | Single-wire DQ - asynchronous return-to-one protocol at ≤333 bits/sec; LSB-first, no clock required |
Pinout & Package
Package: 16-pin narrow SOIC (width = 3.9mm), RoHS-compliant, surface-mount.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| SR | Sense resistor input | High-side connection to sense resistor; monitors VSR for charge/discharge integration; requires strict single-point ground layout |
| SB | Secondary battery input | High-impedance divider input for single-cell voltage monitoring; detects EDV1 (1.05V), EDVF (0.95V), and MCV (2.25V) |
| CHG | Charge control output | Open-drain output enabling external charger control; logic-low when charging permitted under validated conditions |
| DQ | Serial I/O | Bidirectional single-wire interface; requires external pull-up; supports command-driven register read/write |
| EMPTY | Battery empty indicator | Open-drain output latched high-impedance when VSB < 0.95V; resets only after valid charge |
| LCOM | LED common output | Open-drain switch sourcing current to SEG1–SEG6; disabled during initialization to read PROGx resistors |
| SEG1/PROG1–SEG6/PROG6 | Dual-function terminals | LED segment drivers (sink) and three-level programming inputs for PFC, gas gauge rate, self-discharge, and display mode |
| DISP | Display control input | Enables/disables LED display; floating allows auto-activation during discharge if VSRO ≤ -4mV |
| REF | Voltage reference output | Stable reference for external micro-regulator; supports operation beyond 4-cell battery configurations |
| VCC / VSS | Power supply / ground | VCC accepts 3.0–6.5V; VSS is system ground - must be isolated from high-current return paths |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Conservative charge estimation | Uses integrated non-linearity error ±2% (±4% max) and non-repeatability error ±1% to ensure safe, repeatable capacity reporting |
| Self-discharge compensation | Programmable NAC64/NAC47/day at 20–30°C, scaled across eight temperature bands up to >70°C |
| Adaptive capacity learning | Automatically updates LMD register after full discharge to EDV1; prevents overstatement by capping NAC at LMD |
| Dual display modes | Configurable absolute (PFC-based) or relative (LMD-based) LED segmentation; push-button activation supported |
| Robust communication | Single-wire DQ interface with BREAK-initiated protocol; tolerant of floating DQ when unused; no external clock needed |
Applications
| Portable Power Tools | Medical Handheld Devices |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Cordless drill/driver with 4-cell NiCd pack requiring runtime prediction and low-battery warning before motor stall. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Gas gauge IC performing real-time coulomb counting, self-discharge correction, and EDV-based EMPTY assertion. Use Value: Enables accurate 5-segment LED fuel gauge and prevents unexpected shutdown via early-warning EDV1 (1.05V) detection. | Use Scenario: Battery-powered ultrasound probe operating intermittently over multi-shift clinical use with ambient temperature variation. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Standalone battery monitor tracking capacity loss due to aging and temperature-dependent self-discharge between uses. Use Value: Maintains ±2% charge accuracy across -10°C to +40°C using TMPGG-based compensation and recalibrates LMD on full discharge cycles. |
| Industrial Test Equipment | Emergency Lighting Systems |
Use Scenario: Handheld multimeter with rechargeable NiMH battery used in field service where calibration drift must be minimized. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: In-system gas gauge providing serial-accessible NAC/LMD registers for firmware-based battery health diagnostics. Use Value: Supports host MCU readout of CPI (capacity inaccurate counter) to trigger battery replacement alerts after 64 uncalibrated charges. | Use Scenario: Emergency exit sign with sealed NiCd battery undergoing long-term float charging and infrequent discharge testing. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Pack-integrated gauge managing top-off charging via CHG output and detecting end-of-life via LMD decay. Use Value: Delivers 2-hour top-off pulse after full charge and disables CHG if VSB exceeds 2.25V or temperature rises above 50°C. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar battery gas gauge applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| BQ2010SN | No CHG output; lacks charge control functionality; identical pinout and LED/display interface | Suitable only for monitoring-only applications without charger coordination | Select BQ2010SN when charge termination is handled entirely externally and CHG signal is unnecessary |
| BQ2014SN | Includes EEPROM for permanent storage of PFC, LMD, and calibration data; same analog front-end and PROGx configuration | Required for applications needing non-volatile retention across power cycles or battery swaps | Choose BQ2014SN when LMD persistence or factory-programmed parameters must survive VCC removal |
Compared with BQ2012SN-D107TR, BQ2010SN omits charge control capability but retains identical gas gauging accuracy and display features, while BQ2014SN adds EEPROM-based parameter retention-making it preferable for systems requiring guaranteed LMD continuity after battery replacement or extended storage.
Availability
BQ2012SN-D107TR is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for portable power tools, medical handheld devices, industrial test equipment, and emergency lighting systems requiring stable component supply and long-lifecycle support.
Supply support for BQ2012SN-D107TR includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor company headquartered in Dallas, Texas, specializing in analog and embedded processing technologies with broad industrial, automotive, and personal electronics reach.
The BQ2012SN-D107TR belongs to TI's battery management IC portfolio, engineered specifically for cost-sensitive, space-constrained NiMH/NiCd battery packs requiring accurate fuel gauging without microcontroller dependency.
FAQ
What is the primary function of the BQ2012SN-D107TR?
The BQ2012SN-D107TR is a dedicated battery gas gauge IC that measures and reports available charge in NiMH/NiCd batteries using coulomb counting across a sense resistor, with temperature and self-discharge compensation. It provides LED-based visual indication and serial register access for system-level battery status-enabling runtime prediction and health monitoring without host processor overhead. Its design centers on conservative, repeatable capacity estimation rather than high-speed dynamic response.
How does the BQ2012SN-D107TR handle self-discharge compensation?
The BQ2012SN-D107TR estimates self-discharge using an internal timer and temperature sensor (TMPGG), applying programmable rates-NAC64 or NAC47 per day at 20–30°C-selected via PROG5. Compensation scales across eight temperature bands (e.g., NAC256 below 10°C, NAC8 at 50–60°C), ensuring accuracy across -35°C to +85°C. The NAC register decrements accordingly but never falls below zero, preserving minimum state-of-charge integrity in long-storage scenarios.
Can the BQ2012SN-D107TR operate with more than four battery cells?
Yes-the BQ2012SN-D107TR operates natively from 3–4 cells (3.0–4.8V nominal), but its REF output supports external regulation for >4-cell configurations. Using REF with an external transistor (e.g., ZVNL110A) and resistor network, designers can build a simple micro-regulator to maintain VCC within 3.0–6.5V. Direct VCC connection beyond 4 cells requires Zener clamping to prevent exceeding the 6.5V absolute maximum rating.
What are the key differences between absolute and relative display modes on the BQ2012SN-D107TR?
Absolute mode uses the Programmed Full Count (PFC) as the 100% reference, assigning fixed mVh-per-segment values (e.g., 211mVh per segment for PFC=33792); relative mode uses the Last Measured Discharge (LMD) value as the 100% reference, adapting to actual battery wear. Mode selection is controlled by PROG6: high for absolute, low for relative. This allows field-deployed units to maintain accurate fuel gauge resolution even as battery capacity degrades over time.
Does the BQ2012SN-D107TR require external components for basic operation?
Yes-minimal external components are required: a sense resistor (RS) between battery negative and SR pin, decoupling capacitor (0.1µF ceramic) on VCC, and optional RC filter on SR for high-dV/dt environments. For LED display, LCOM and SEGx outputs need current-limiting resistors; for serial communication, DQ requires a pull-up resistor unless left floating. Programming resistors (up to six) on PROGx pins configure PFC, scale factor, self-discharge rate, and display mode-no external MCU is needed for configuration.
BQ2012SN-D107TR Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 16-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Battery Monitor
- Battery Chemistry:
- Multi-Chemistry
- Number of Cells:
- -
- Fault Protection:
- -
- Interface:
- Serial
- Operating Temperature:
- 0°C ~ 70°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 16-SOIC
BQ2012SN-D107TR FAQ
1.How can I place an order for BQ2012SN-D107TR through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for BQ2012SN-D107TR on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for BQ2012SN-D107TR reliable?
The price and inventory of BQ2012SN-D107TR are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for BQ2012SN-D107TR is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for BQ2012SN-D107TR?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for BQ2012SN-D107TR transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for BQ2012SN-D107TR?
BQ2012SN-D107TR orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your BQ2012SN-D107TR order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for BQ2012SN-D107TR?
For technical support, including BQ2012SN-D107TR datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your BQ2012SN-D107TR requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that BQ2012SN-D107TR is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All BQ2012SN-D107TR products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that BQ2012SN-D107TR meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of BQ2012SN-D107TR?
All BQ2012SN-D107TR units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with BQ2012SN-D107TR, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The BQ2012SN-D107TR part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for BQ2012SN-D107TR:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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