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Texas Instruments BQ2014SN-D120
- Part No.:
- BQ2014SN-D120
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 16-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
BQ2014SN-D120.pdf
- Description:
- IC BATTERY GAS GAUGE 16-SOIC
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
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Product details
Overview
BQ2014SN-D120 from Texas Instruments is a gas gauge IC for NiMH/NiCd battery packs, performing coulomb counting via sense-resistor voltage monitoring (SR pin), compensating for temperature (−35°C to +85°C), self-discharge (NAC64/NAC47 modes), and charge/discharge rate. It delivers conservative, repeatable available charge estimation with 120µA standby current and supports LED display or single-wire serial communication (DQ pin).
For engineers reviewing the BQ2014SN-D120 datasheet, BQ2014SN-D120 pinout, BQ2014SN-D120 application, or BQ2014SN-D120 equivalent, key selection considerations include its 16-pin narrow SOIC package, open-drain CHG/DONE/EMPTY outputs, SR-based current sensing with ±2% INL error, and support for relative capacity display using LMD learning.
Technical Context
The BQ2014SN-D120 implements analog current integration across a series sense resistor (SR–VSS), applying real-time temperature- and rate-dependent compensation to Nominal Available Charge (NAC) and Discharge Count Register (DCR). Its internal 10°C-step temperature sensor drives adaptive self-discharge estimation and discharge compensation scaling (e.g., +0.05 per 10°C step below 10°C).
Charge control logic asserts the open-drain CHG output when NAC > 0.94 × LMD or during valid charge detection (VSRO > VSRQ = 375µV); DONE input triggers NAC reset to LMD (NiCd) or 0.94×LMD (NiMH). Serial communication uses asynchronous return-to-one protocol on DQ at ≤333 bits/sec, LSB-first, with BREAK-initiated command framing.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Supply Voltage | VCC = 3.0–6.5V - powers device directly from 3–4 cell battery stacks; REF output enables external regulator extension to higher cell counts. |
| Standby Current | 120µA typical - enables long-term battery-pack integration without significant parasitic drain. |
| Current Sensing Error | ±2% INL (typ.), ±4% max - includes ±0.1%/°C temp drift and ±1%/V supply drift; digital filter rejects counts between VSRQ/VSRD thresholds. |
| Temperature Range | −35°C to +85°C in 10°C steps - reported as TMPGG hex code (0x–Cx); used for self-discharge rate scaling and discharge compensation. |
| Sense Resistor Input | SR pin monitors VSR across external resistor; effective offset VOS impacts layout-sensitive accuracy; requires single-point ground design. |
| Serial Interface | Single-wire DQ (open-drain) - supports host read/write of NAC, LMD, TMPGG, BATID, FLGS1, and DMF registers using command-based return-to-one protocol. |
| LED Display Support | SEG1–SEG5/PROG1–PROG5 dual-function pins - drive five-segment LED bar graph; LCOM provides common anode switching; DISP controls activation mode. |
Pinout & Package
Package: 16-pin narrow SOIC (SOIC-16N), body width 3.9mm, lead pitch 0.65mm, RoHS-compliant.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| SR | Sense resistor high-side input | Monitors voltage drop across external sense resistor; polarity determines charge (+) vs. discharge (−) counting direction. |
| SB | Single-cell battery voltage monitor | Connects to resistive divider network to detect EDV1 (1.05V), EDVF (0.95V), and MCV (2.25V) thresholds. |
| DQ | Serial data I/O | Open-drain bidirectional pin; requires external pull-up; implements LSB-first, return-to-one protocol at ≤333 bits/sec. |
| CHG | Charge control output | Open-drain signal asserted high when NAC > 0.94×LMD or valid charge detected; interfaces with external fast-charge ICs like bq2004. |
| DONE | Fast-charge completion input | Pulled low via 200kΩ resistor; rising edge signals charge termination and triggers NAC reset per self-discharge mode (NAC64/NAC47). |
| EMPTY | Battery empty indicator | Open-drain output goes high-impedance when VSB < 0.95V (EDVF); latched until next valid charge. |
| DISP | Display control input | High disables LED; low enables active display; floating enables conditional display during discharge (VSRO ≤ −4mV) or charge. |
| LCOM | LED common anode driver | Open-drain switch sourcing current to SEG1–SEG5; off during initialization to allow PROGX resistor reading. |
| REF | Voltage reference output | Provides stable reference for external micro-regulator; enables operation beyond 4-cell battery stacks. |
| VCC / VSS | Power supply / ground | VCC accepts 3.0–6.5V; VSS is system ground - must be single-point return for SR measurement integrity. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Self-discharge compensation | Programmable NAC64 (164×NAC/day) or NAC47 (147×NAC/day) rates, scaled across eight 10°C bands from <10°C to >70°C. |
| Capacity learning (LMD) | Automatically updates Last Measured Discharge register after full discharge to EDV1, enabling accurate relative display referencing. |
| Rate-adaptive discharge compensation | Increases compensation factor by 0.05 per 10°C step below 10°C (e.g., 1.10 at −10°C to 0°C) when −150mV < VSR < 0. |
| Digital magnitude filter | Configurable VSRQ/VSRD thresholds (default: +375µV/−300µV) eliminate low-level noise-induced counting errors. |
| End-of-discharge management | Dual programmable thresholds: EDV1 (1.05V, early warning) and EDVF (0.95V, final empty); flags latched until next valid charge. |
Applications
| Smart Power Tools | Medical Portable Devices |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Cordless drill/driver with multi-cell NiCd pack requiring runtime prediction and low-battery alert before motor stall. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Gas gauge IC measuring integrated charge/discharge via SR pin, compensating for rapid temperature rise during burst loads and self-discharge during storage. Use Value: Enables precise remaining runtime estimation (via NAC/LMD) and prevents unexpected shutdown by triggering EMPTY output at 0.95V/cell. | Use Scenario: Battery-powered infusion pump operating 24/7 with periodic calibration and strict safety-critical low-voltage cutoff. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Pack-integrated fuel gauge providing validated end-of-discharge detection (EDVF), serial-accessible battery ID (BATID), and traceable capacity history (CPI register). Use Value: Ensures compliance with medical device battery safety standards via dual EDV thresholds and latched EMPTY flag that persists until verified recharge. |
| Two-Way Radio Battery Packs | Emergency Lighting Systems |
Use Scenario: Rechargeable NiMH battery pack for handheld radios used intermittently over weeks, requiring accurate state-of-charge despite self-discharge. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Self-discharge estimator using internal temperature sensor and PROG5-selectable NAC47 rate, updating NAC continuously during storage. Use Value: Delivers reliable SOC indication after long idle periods by compensating for temperature-dependent self-discharge (e.g., 2× faster at >40°C). | Use Scenario: Emergency exit sign with sealed NiCd battery undergoing monthly test cycles and infrequent full discharge events. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Capacity learning engine capturing Last Measured Discharge (LMD) during annual functional tests to recalibrate full-reference threshold. Use Value: Maintains accuracy over 5+ years by adapting to battery aging-LMD update resets CPI counter and clears CI flag after qualified discharge. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar gas gauge applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| BQ2018SN | Successor IC with enhanced EEPROM, wider VCC range (2.7–6.5V), lower 80µA standby, and improved INL (±1.5%). Adds SMBus interface alongside DQ. | Supports longer-term data logging and firmware updates; better suited for new designs requiring extended lifecycle tracking. | Select BQ2018SN for new designs needing EEPROM-backed parameter retention and SMBus compatibility; BQ2014SN-D120 remains viable for cost-sensitive legacy replacements. |
| MAX1660AEEE+ | Maxim gas gauge with integrated ADC, 12-bit resolution, and I²C interface; no native LED drive; requires external microcontroller for display. | Lacks direct LED segment outputs and PROGx configuration; relies on host processor for all display logic and threshold programming. | Choose MAX1660AEEE+ where I²C infrastructure exists and host-controlled UI is preferred; BQ2014SN-D120 offers simpler LED integration and autonomous charge control signaling. |
Compared with BQ2018SN, BQ2014SN-D120 lacks EEPROM and SMBus but retains identical pinout and core algorithm compatibility; versus MAX1660AEEE+, it provides direct LED drive and standalone CHG/DONE signaling without host intervention.
Availability
BQ2014SN-D120 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for smart power tools, medical portable devices, two-way radio battery packs, and emergency lighting systems requiring stable component supply and long-term obsolescence management.
Supply support for BQ2014SN-D120 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies, with decades of expertise in battery management solutions.
The BQ2014SN-D120 belongs to TI's legacy gas gauge IC product line designed specifically for cost-effective, pack-integrated NiMH/NiCd fuel gauging with minimal external components and autonomous LED display capability.
FAQ
What is the primary function of the BQ2014SN-D120 in a battery pack?
The BQ2014SN-D120 serves as a dedicated gas gauge IC that estimates available charge in NiMH/NiCd battery packs using coulomb counting across an external sense resistor. It compensates for temperature, self-discharge, and charge/discharge rate effects to deliver conservative, repeatable capacity reporting via LED display or serial interface - all implemented within the BQ2014SN-D120 itself without requiring host processor intervention for core calculations.
How does the BQ2014SN-D120 handle self-discharge compensation?
The BQ2014SN-D120 applies temperature-dependent self-discharge compensation using PROG5 to select NAC64 (164×NAC/day) or NAC47 (147×NAC/day) base rates, then scales these rates across eight 10°C temperature bands (e.g., doubling per 10°C step above 30°C). This compensation continuously decrements the NAC register and increments DCR during storage - a core behavior intrinsic to the BQ2014SN-D120's analog front-end and internal timer architecture.
Can the BQ2014SN-D120 operate with more than four battery cells?
Yes - the BQ2014SN-D120 operates natively from 3–4 cells (3.0–6.5V on VCC), but its REF pin provides a stable voltage reference enabling construction of an external transistor-based regulator. This allows the BQ2014SN-D120 to function in battery packs with higher cell counts while maintaining correct SR pin biasing and measurement integrity - a capability explicitly documented in the BQ2014SN-D120 functional description.
What is the role of the DONE pin on the BQ2014SN-D120?
The DONE pin on the BQ2014SN-D120 is an input that receives a fast-charge-complete signal from an external charger IC (e.g., bq2004). When pulled high, it causes the BQ2014SN-D120 to reset NAC to LMD (for NiCd/NAC64 mode) or to 94% of LMD (for NiMH/NAC47 mode), synchronizing the gas gauge's full-charge reference with actual charge termination - a deterministic action defined in the BQ2014SN-D120's charge control specification.
Does the BQ2014SN-D120 require external calibration for accurate capacity reporting?
No - the BQ2014SN-D120 performs automatic capacity learning: during the first full discharge from full to EDV1, it updates the Last Measured Discharge (LMD) register with the actual discharge count from DCR. Subsequent charges use this learned LMD as the 100% reference, eliminating need for manual calibration. This learning behavior is fundamental to the BQ2014SN-D120's architecture and occurs autonomously on every qualified discharge cycle.
BQ2014SN-D120 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 16-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tube
- Product Status:
- Not For New Designs
- Function:
- Battery Monitor
- Battery Chemistry:
- Multi-Chemistry
- Number of Cells:
- -
- Fault Protection:
- -
- Interface:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- 0°C ~ 70°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 16-SOIC
BQ2014SN-D120 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for BQ2014SN-D120 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for BQ2014SN-D120 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for BQ2014SN-D120 reliable?
The price and inventory of BQ2014SN-D120 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for BQ2014SN-D120 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for BQ2014SN-D120?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for BQ2014SN-D120 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for BQ2014SN-D120?
BQ2014SN-D120 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your BQ2014SN-D120 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for BQ2014SN-D120?
For technical support, including BQ2014SN-D120 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your BQ2014SN-D120 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that BQ2014SN-D120 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All BQ2014SN-D120 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that BQ2014SN-D120 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of BQ2014SN-D120?
All BQ2014SN-D120 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with BQ2014SN-D120, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The BQ2014SN-D120 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for BQ2014SN-D120:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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