Texas Instruments BQ27425YZFR-G2A

Overview

BQ27425YZFR-G2A from Texas Instruments is a system-side single-cell Li-ion battery fuel gauge IC with integrated 10 mΩ sense resistor, Impedance Track™ algorithm, and I²C interface. It resides on the host system board, supports embedded or removable batteries, and delivers real-time state-of-charge (SOC), remaining capacity (mAh), and voltage (mV) for portable electronics requiring accurate battery life estimation.

For engineers reviewing the BQ27425YZFR-G2A datasheet, BQ27425YZFR-G2A pinout, BQ27425YZFR-G2A application, or BQ27425YZFR-G2A equivalent, key selection criteria include its 15-pin DSBGA package, 400-kHz I²C timing compliance, 8 µA hibernate current, integrated temperature sensing, and factory-configured LiCoO₂ chemistry support (CHEM_ID = 0x128).

Technical Context

The BQ27425YZFR-G2A implements Texas Instruments' patented Impedance Track™ algorithm to compute SOC and full-charge capacity by correlating cell voltage, temperature, and coulomb-counted current through its integrated 10 mΩ sense resistor. It uses a 14–15-bit integrating ADC for SRX current measurement and a separate 14–15-bit ADC for BAT voltage and internal temperature sensing.

Power management includes four operational modes-NORMAL (118 µA), SLEEP (23 µA), HIBERNATE (8 µA), and SHUTDOWN (1 µA)-with automatic transitions triggered by load activity or host commands. The device integrates a 2.5-V LDO regulator (2.4–2.6 V output) powered from REGIN, enabling direct battery operation without external regulators.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

Package: 15-pin DSBGA (YZF), 2.69 mm × 1.75 mm, 0.5-mm pitch - optimized for ultra-thin mobile PCBs with minimal footprint.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar fuel gauge applications.

Compared with BQ27425YZFR-G2A, BQ27441-G1YFFT offers identical form factor but reduced algorithm maturity, while BQ27510-G3YZFT targets different chemistries and lacks G2's low-power optimization - making BQ27425YZFR-G2A optimal for LiCoO₂-based smartphones and tablets needing best-in-class accuracy and ultra-low hibernate current.

Availability

BQ27425YZFR-G2A is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for smartphone power management, tablet battery monitoring, digital camera energy tracking, and handheld terminal runtime control requiring stable component supply and long-lifecycle support.

Supply support for BQ27425YZFR-G2A includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor company specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies, with leadership in battery management ICs since 2005.

The BQ27425YZFR-G2A belongs to TI's Impedance Track™ fuel gauge product line, engineered specifically for space-constrained portable devices needing high-accuracy, low-power, system-side battery monitoring without external components.

FAQ

What battery chemistry does the BQ27425YZFR-G2A support out of the box?

The BQ27425YZFR-G2A is factory-configured for LiCoO₂ (lithium cobalt oxide) chemistry with a maximum charge voltage of 4.2 V and CHEM_ID = 0x128. This setting ensures the Impedance Track™ algorithm uses the correct OCV lookup table and aging model. While firmware updates may enable other chemistries, the default configuration is optimized exclusively for LiCoO₂ cells, and BQ27425YZFR-G2A must be used with this chemistry unless reprogrammed by qualified personnel using TI's bqStudio toolset.

Does the BQ27425YZFR-G2A require an external sense resistor?

No, the BQ27425YZFR-G2A integrates a precision 10 mΩ sense resistor between the SRX and VSS pins, eliminating the need for an external shunt. This design reduces BOM cost, saves PCB area, and improves measurement consistency by removing trace resistance and thermal EMF variables. The integrated resistor supports up to 4 A RMS current (based on ±0.04 V differential input range), and BQ27425YZFR-G2A's coulomb counter is calibrated to this fixed value - no host-side gain calibration is required.

How does the BQ27425YZFR-G2A handle battery insertion and removal detection?

The BQ27425YZFR-G2A uses the BIN pin for battery presence detection, configurable via the [BIE] bit in the Operation Configuration register. With [BIE] = 1, it monitors BIN for logic-level transitions - a high-to-low edge signals insertion, and low-to-high signals removal - optionally using an internal or external pullup. When triggered, BQ27425YZFR-G2A exits INITIALIZATION mode and begins gauging. This enables seamless hot-swap support in devices like handheld terminals, where BQ27425YZFR-G2A retains NVM state and resumes accurate SOC tracking immediately after reinsertion.

What are the lowest-power operating modes of the BQ27425YZFR-G2A and their current draw?

The BQ27425YZFR-G2A offers HIBERNATE mode at 8 µA and SHUTDOWN mode at 1 µA. In HIBERNATE, the high-frequency oscillator stops but RAM/NVM contents persist, allowing fast wake-up (<250 ms) via I²C or BIN activity. In SHUTDOWN, the LDO is disabled and volatile data is lost - requiring full reinitialization on wake. Both modes are accessible via host commands or automatic transitions based on load thresholds. For battery-backed systems needing multi-year shelf life, BQ27425YZFR-G2A's 1 µA SHUTDOWN current minimizes drain while preserving the ability to reinitialize gauging upon power restoration.

Can the GPOUT pin on the BQ27425YZFR-G2A be used for both SOC interrupt and battery-low warning?

Yes, the GPOUT pin on the BQ27425YZFR-G2A is multiplexed and configurable via the [BATLOWEN] bit in the Operation Configuration register. When [BATLOWEN] = 1, GPOUT functions as a battery-low indicator, asserting low when StateOfCharge( ) falls below the SOC1 threshold (e.g., 15%). When [BATLOWEN] = 0, it operates as an SOC interrupt, generating 1-ms pulses at programmable intervals (e.g., every 1% SOC change). Polarity is further controlled by the [GPIO_POL] bit. This dual functionality allows BQ27425YZFR-G2A to serve both OS-level low-battery alerts and application-layer SOC event logging without additional GPIO resources.