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Texas Instruments BQ29312APWR
- Part No.:
- BQ29312APWR
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 24-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
BQ29312APWR.pdf
- Description:
- IC BATT PROT LI-ION 2-4C 24TSSOP
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,000
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Product details
Overview
BQ29312APWR from Texas Instruments is a 2-, 3-, or 4-cell lithium-ion/polymer battery protection analog front-end (AFE) IC with integrated 3.3-V/25-mA LDO, I²C-compatible interface, cell voltage translation (0.15× scaling), and programmable overload/short-circuit protection. It supports individual cell voltage monitoring, thermistor biasing via TOUT, and FET drive for charge/discharge/precharge control in portable instrumentation and medical equipment.
For engineers reviewing the BQ29312APWR datasheet, BQ29312APWR pinout, BQ29312APWR application, or BQ29312APWR equivalent, this device delivers precise cell-level safety monitoring, configurable fault thresholds (OL: 50–205 mV; SC: ±100–475 mV), low-quiescent-current operation (60 µA typical), and ship/sleep power modes for battery longevity in space-constrained systems.
Technical Context
The BQ29312APWR implements dual-tier overcurrent protection with independent programmable thresholds and blanking delays for charge and discharge paths, using SR1/SR2 differential sensing. Its 32-kHz WDI input serves both watchdog timing and overload/short-circuit delay generation, with latched fault reporting via XALERT and STATUS register bits.
Cell voltage measurement uses a precision inverted-scaling amplifier (gain = 0.15 ±0.002) referenced to 0.975 V, enabling host MCU ADC reading of individual cell voltages (VCn–VCn+1) as ground-referenced 0–4.5 V signals. Cell balancing is controlled via internal FETs (rDS(on) = 200–800 Ω) driven by I²C-accessible CELL_SEL register bits.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Supply Voltage Range | 4.5 V to 25 V - supports direct connection to 2–4S Li-ion packs (8.4–16.8 V nominal) and auxiliary PACK input up to 25 V. |
| Quiescent Current | 60 µA typical - enables multi-year shelf life in battery-powered devices during storage or standby. |
| LDO Output | 3.3 V ±2% at ≤25 mA - powers external host MCU or sensors without requiring separate regulator. |
| Overload Threshold | 50–205 mV in 5-mV steps - sets discharge current limit (e.g., 50 mV across 10 mΩ sense resistor = 5 A). |
| Short-Circuit Threshold | ±100–475 mV in 25-mV steps - independently configurable for charge/discharge directions to prevent false trips during inrush. |
| Cell Voltage Scaling | 0.15× ±0.002 - translates 0–4.5 V cell differential into 0–0.675 V output, compatible with 3.3-V ADC reference. |
| I²C Interface | Standard-mode (≤100 kHz) - enables host read/write access to all registers including STATUS, CONTROL, and FUNCTION CTL. |
Pinout & Package
TSSOP-24 (PW) package with 0.65-mm pitch; thermal pad exposed on bottom for enhanced power dissipation (874 mW at TA ≤25°C).
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| BAT | Primary power input | Diode-protected connection to battery stack anode; supplies internal circuitry when PACK is absent. |
| PACK | Alternative power input | Connects to pack positive terminal; used for startup and REG initialization if BAT is unavailable. |
| VC1–VC5 | Cell voltage sense inputs | Measure differential voltages across up to four series cells (VC1–VC2, VC2–VC3, etc.); enable cell balancing via internal FETs. |
| SR1/SR2 | Current sense terminals | Differential inputs for discharge/charge current monitoring; support bidirectional overload/short-circuit detection. |
| CHG/DSG/ZVCHG | FET gate drivers | Push-pull outputs driving external N-channel MOSFET gates; CHG/DSG clamped to 15 V (typ), ZVCHG regulated to 3.3–3.7 V. |
| REG | LDO output | 3.3-V supply rail for host MCU, sensors, and internal logic; requires 4.7-µF ceramic capacitor for stability. |
| TOUT | Thermistor bias output | Current source (1 mA typ) with ≤100 Ω output impedance; enables temperature monitoring with 10-kΩ NTC thermistor. |
| SLEEP | Power mode control | Pulled up internally to REG; grounding or pulling to GND enters Sleep mode (20–40 µA), floating or REG enters Normal mode. |
| XALERT | Status interrupt output | Open-drain signal asserted low on OL/SC fault, watchdog timeout, or SLEEP pin transition; requires 100-kΩ pullup to REG. |
| SDATA/SCLK | I²C interface | Open-drain bidirectional data/clock lines with 10-kΩ internal pullups to REG; compatible with standard I²C protocol. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Programmable Overload Protection | Threshold adjustable from 50 mV to 205 mV in 5-mV steps with 10-mV hysteresis, enabling precise current limiting for diverse load profiles. |
| Independent Short-Circuit Detection | Separate charge/discharge thresholds (±100–475 mV) and blanking delays (0–915 µs) prevent nuisance tripping during high-inrush events. |
| Cell Balancing Control | Internal FETs (rDS(on) = 200–800 Ω) allow bypass current control per cell via external series resistors, supporting active voltage equalization during charging. |
| Multi-Power Mode Management | Three distinct states-Normal (60 µA), Sleep (20–40 µA), and Ship (0.1–1.0 µA)-extend battery shelf life while preserving register configuration. |
| Integrated 3.3-V LDO | Delivers 25 mA with ±2% regulation across 4.5–25 V input range, eliminating need for external regulator in compact battery packs. |
Applications
| Medical Portable Monitors | Notebook PC Battery Packs |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Continuous ECG/SpO₂ monitoring in handheld diagnostic devices with removable Li-ion battery packs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary protection AFE monitoring cell voltages, pack current, and temperature; enforcing safety cutoffs during overvoltage, undervoltage, and short-circuit events. Use Value: Enables certified medical-grade safety compliance (IEC 62368-1) with <1% cell voltage error and programmable fault response timing. |
Use Scenario: Smart battery management in ultrabooks with 3-cell Li-polymer packs requiring precise state-of-charge estimation. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Front-end sensor and protector interfacing with gas gauge (e.g., bq2084) via I²C to provide raw cell voltages and current fault status. Use Value: Delivers individual cell voltage data (via CELL pin scaling) and supports capacity prediction <1% error when paired with compatible fuel gauges. |
| Industrial Handheld Testers | Portable Medical Infusion Pumps |
|
Use Scenario: Ruggedized multimeters and oscilloscopes powered by hot-swappable 4S Li-ion batteries operating in wide ambient temperatures (–40°C to +85°C). IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-accuracy cell monitoring and dual-tier overcurrent protection ensuring safe operation under transient load spikes and fault conditions. Use Value: Maintains 0.15× cell voltage scaling accuracy across –40°C to +85°C, enabling reliable ADC-based voltage readings without recalibration. |
Use Scenario: Battery-powered infusion pumps requiring fail-safe shutdown during motor stall or occlusion events. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Real-time current monitoring via SR1/SR2 with programmable short-circuit blanking (0–915 µs) to distinguish between normal startup surge and true fault. Use Value: Prevents unintended pump shutdown during motor commutation spikes while guaranteeing rapid (<1 ms) cutoff during actual occlusion faults. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar battery protection AFE applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| BQ29330RGER | QFN-24 package; identical electrical specs but different thermal pad layout and pinout (e.g., VC2/VC3 swapped); no TSSOP variant available. | Preferred for new PCB designs requiring smaller footprint and better thermal performance; not drop-in replaceable due to pin reordering. | Select BQ29330RGER only when redesigning layout for QFN; verify SR1/SR2 routing and VCx pin mapping against schematic. |
| MP2617GQ-Z | Monolithic 2–4S protector with integrated charge FETs; lacks I²C interface, cell voltage readout, and programmable thresholds; fixed 50-mV OL threshold. | Suitable for cost-sensitive consumer electronics where host MCU interaction and fine-grained fault tuning are unnecessary. | Choose MP2617GQ-Z for simplified BOM and lower component count; avoid if cell-level telemetry or adaptive protection is required. |
Compared with BQ29312APWR, BQ29330RGER offers identical functionality in a thermally superior QFN package but requires PCB redesign, while MP2617GQ-Z sacrifices configurability and telemetry for integration and cost-making BQ29312APWR optimal for systems needing host-controlled, precision battery safety.
Availability
BQ29312APWR is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for medical portable monitors, notebook PC battery packs, industrial handheld testers, and portable medical infusion pumps requiring stable component supply and long-term lifecycle support.
Supply support for BQ29312APWR includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog and embedded processing technologies, with decades of expertise in battery management solutions.
The BQ29312APWR belongs to TI's battery protection AFE product line, designed specifically for high-accuracy, programmable safety monitoring in multi-cell lithium-ion/polymer battery packs used in portable medical and computing equipment.
FAQ
What is the primary function of the BQ29312APWR in a battery pack?
The BQ29312APWR serves as a protection analog front-end for 2–4 cell lithium-ion/polymer battery packs, providing overvoltage, undervoltage, overload, short-circuit, and temperature monitoring with programmable thresholds and I²C-based host communication. It drives external FETs for charge/discharge control and supplies a regulated 3.3-V rail to the system.
How does the BQ29312APWR support cell voltage monitoring for host microcontrollers?
The BQ29312APWR translates each cell's differential voltage (VCn–VCn+1) into a ground-referenced analog output on the CELL pin using a precision 0.15× scaling factor and 0.975-V offset. This produces a 0–4.5 V signal corresponding to 0–30 V cell range, enabling direct ADC sampling by a host MCU without level-shifting circuitry.
Can the BQ29312APWR operate with zero-volt battery cells?
Yes-the BQ29312APWR supports 0-V charging via its ZVCHG FET drive and dedicated ZVCHG clamp voltage (3.3–3.7 V). When the battery is fully depleted, the device uses the PACK input to bootstrap REG and initiate precharge through the ZVCHG path before enabling main CHG/DSG FETs.
What are the key differences between Normal, Sleep, and Ship power modes in the BQ29312APWR?
In Normal mode, all protections, monitoring, and I²C communication are active (60 µA typical). Sleep mode disables FET drives and fault detection but retains RAM state and allows I²C writes (20–40 µA). Ship mode shuts down REG, disables I²C, and reduces current to 0.1–1.0 µA for long-term storage-requiring PACK voltage restoration to exit.
How is thermistor temperature measurement implemented using the BQ29312APWR?
The BQ29312APWR provides a 1-mA (typical) current source on the TOUT pin with ≤100 Ω output impedance, designed to bias a standard 10-kΩ NTC thermistor at 25°C. The resulting voltage is measured externally by the host MCU; TOUT is enabled via bit 5 of the FUNCTION CTL register and defaults to OFF to minimize quiescent current.
BQ29312APWR Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 24-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Battery Protection
- Battery Chemistry:
- Lithium Ion/Polymer
- Number of Cells:
- 2 ~ 4
- Fault Protection:
- Over Current, Over/Under Voltage, Short Circuit
- Interface:
- I2C
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 24-TSSOP
BQ29312APWR FAQ
1.How can I place an order for BQ29312APWR through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for BQ29312APWR on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for BQ29312APWR reliable?
The price and inventory of BQ29312APWR are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for BQ29312APWR is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for BQ29312APWR?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for BQ29312APWR transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for BQ29312APWR?
BQ29312APWR orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your BQ29312APWR order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for BQ29312APWR?
For technical support, including BQ29312APWR datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your BQ29312APWR requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that BQ29312APWR is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All BQ29312APWR products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that BQ29312APWR meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of BQ29312APWR?
All BQ29312APWR units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with BQ29312APWR, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The BQ29312APWR part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for BQ29312APWR:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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