My Inquiry
My Account
Texas Instruments BQ294512DRVR
- Part No.:
- BQ294512DRVR
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 6-WDFN Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
BQ294512DRVR.pdf
- Description:
- IC BATT PROT LI-ION 2-3CEL 6WSON
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,740
Please send an inquiry. Send us your inquiry, and we will respond immediately.
Product details
Overview
BQ294512DRVR from Texas Instruments is a secondary overvoltage protection IC for 2- or 3-series Li-ion battery packs, featuring fixed 4.4 V OVP threshold, 4 s fault detection delay, ±10 mV accuracy, 1 µA supply current (VCELL < VPROTECT), and 6-pin SON package. It independently monitors each cell voltage and drives an external N-channel FET to trigger fuse blow during overvoltage events in portable power tools and notebooks.
For engineers reviewing the BQ294512DRVR datasheet, BQ294512DRVR pinout, BQ294512DRVR application, or BQ294512DRVR equivalent, key selection criteria include confirmed OVP threshold tolerance, thermal pad grounding requirement, independent 3-cell sensing capability, and compatibility with NMOS-based protection FETs in high-reliability battery pack designs.
Technical Context
The BQ294512DRVR implements independent analog voltage monitoring across three differential inputs (V1–VSS, V2–V1, V3–V2) using internal precision comparators referenced to a factory-programmed 4.4 V overvoltage threshold. Its fixed 4-second delay timer activates only upon sustained overvoltage exceeding the threshold, not transient spikes.
Operation relies on external RC filters per sense input and requires direct connection of the PWRPAD thermal pad to VSS on PCB for stable biasing and thermal performance. The open-drain–compatible OUT pin delivers up to 4.5 mA sink current and transitions high after delay expiration to enable external FET gate drive.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| OVP Threshold | 4.4 V ±10 mV - Factory-trimmed precision level triggering secondary protection without calibration. |
| Delay Time | 4 s (typical), 3.2–4.8 s (min–max) - Fixed internal timer prevents nuisance tripping while ensuring timely response. |
| Supply Current | 1 µA (typical) at VCELL < VPROTECT - Enables ultra-low-power standby in always-on battery protection circuits. |
| Input Leakage | <100 nA per cell input - Minimizes measurement error and self-discharge impact on stacked Li-ion cells. |
| Operating Temp | –40°C to +110°C - Supports operation in demanding environments including power tool battery packs. |
| Package | 6-pin SON (2.0 mm × 2.0 mm) with exposed thermal pad - Enables compact layout and efficient heat dissipation in space-constrained modules. |
| Output Drive | High-level output ≥6 V (VDD = 7.2 V), low-level ≤400 mV - Directly interfaces with standard NMOS gate drivers without level-shifting. |
Pinout & Package
Package: 6-pin WSON (DRV), 2.00 mm × 2.00 mm body size, with exposed thermal pad (PWRPAD) requiring PCB connection to VSS.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| V1 | Sense input for lowest cell (Cell 1) | Connects to positive terminal of bottommost Li-ion cell; requires RC filter for noise immunity. |
| V2 | Sense input for middle cell (Cell 2) | Connects to positive terminal of second cell; differential voltage (V2–V1) monitored for overvoltage. |
| VSS | Ground reference and lowest cell negative | Electrically tied to battery pack negative; must be connected to PWRPAD on PCB for proper operation. |
| V3 | Sense input for top cell (Cell 3) | Connects to positive terminal of topmost cell in 3-series stack; unused (shorted to V2) in 2-series configs. |
| VDD | Unregulated power supply input | Accepts 3–25 V; requires series resistor and bypass capacitor for ESD and noise filtering. |
| OUT | Active-high overvoltage alert output | Drives gate of external N-channel FET to short fuse to ground; open-drain compatible with pull-up. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Independent 3-cell monitoring | Each cell voltage measured differentially (V1–VSS, V2–V1, V3–V2), enabling precise per-cell OVP without shared reference errors. |
| Factory-programmed OVP | 4.4 V threshold laser-trimmed at wafer test - eliminates need for external resistive dividers or calibration in production. |
| Thermal pad grounding | PWRPAD must be soldered to VSS copper pour - ensures stable internal bias, reduces thermal resistance (RθJB = 110.7°C/W), and prevents malfunction. |
| Customer Test Mode (CTM) | VDD–V3 ≥10 V triggers accelerated 15 ms delay - enables rapid functional verification of OVP timing during pack assembly without full 4 s wait. |
| Low-temperature operation | Specified down to –40°C - supports reliable protection in cold-environment applications like outdoor power equipment. |
Applications
| Power Tools | Notebook Computers |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Cordless drill battery packs subjected to high-current charging and motor load transients causing cell voltage overshoot. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Secondary overvoltage protector that triggers only after sustained 4 s >4.4 V condition, preventing false trips from charge pump ripple. Use Value: Adds fail-safe layer beyond primary BMS IC, reducing field failure risk from single-point protection faults. |
Use Scenario: Slim-profile notebook battery modules where space constraints limit thermal margin and require minimal component count. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Standalone OVP monitor with 2.0 mm × 2.0 mm SON package and 1 µA quiescent current, minimizing board area and self-heating. Use Value: Enables compact, low-power secondary protection without compromising reliability or adding complexity to main BMS. |
| Tablets & Slates | Portable Medical Instruments |
Use Scenario: Consumer tablet batteries operating in variable ambient temperatures (0°C–45°C) with tight voltage regulation requirements. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision ±10 mV OVP detector with <300 mV hysteresis, ensuring consistent trip point across temperature and aging. Use Value: Maintains safety compliance over product lifetime despite cell voltage drift and thermal gradients across multi-cell stacks. |
Use Scenario: Battery-powered handheld diagnostic devices requiring certified safety margins and traceable fault response timing. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Certified secondary protector with fixed 4 s delay (3.2–4.8 s range) enabling deterministic fuse-blow timing for regulatory documentation. Use Value: Provides auditable, repeatable overvoltage response behavior required for IEC 62133 and UL 2054 compliance testing. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar overvoltage protection applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| BQ294522DRVR | OVP threshold = 4.45 V (50 mV higher); same 4 s delay, ±10 mV accuracy, identical package and pinout. | Suitable for higher-voltage Li-ion chemistries (e.g., 4.45 V max charge) where tighter cell balancing is required. | Select when system-level OVP margin must accommodate higher nominal cell voltage without redesigning sense network. |
| BQ294504DRVR | OVP threshold = 4.35 V (50 mV lower); delay = 6.5 s (2.5 s longer); otherwise identical electrical specs and footprint. | Better suited for applications needing extended transient tolerance, such as chargers with slow-rising voltage profiles. | Choose when design requires longer fault hold-off time before protection activation, accepting reduced voltage headroom. |
Compared with BQ294512DRVR, BQ294522DRVR raises OVP by 50 mV for higher-chemistry compatibility, while BQ294504DRVR extends delay to 6.5 s for improved transient immunity-both retain identical pinout, thermal pad requirements, and low-leakage sensing architecture.
Availability
BQ294512DRVR is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for power tools, notebook computers, and portable medical instrumentation requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and RoHS-compliant packaging.
Supply support for BQ294512DRVR includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor company specializing in analog and embedded processing technologies, with leadership in battery management, power conversion, and signal chain solutions.
The BQ2945xx family is designed specifically for secondary overvoltage protection in multi-cell Li-ion battery packs, delivering factory-trimmed precision, ultra-low power consumption, and robust thermal performance in compact packages.
FAQ
What is the exact overvoltage protection threshold for BQ294512DRVR?
The BQ294512DRVR has a factory-programmed overvoltage protection threshold of 4.4 V with ±10 mV accuracy across temperature. This value is laser-trimmed during manufacturing and cannot be adjusted externally. It applies to all three cell inputs (V1–VSS, V2–V1, V3–V2) and is specified over the full operating range of –40°C to +110°C. The BQ294512DRVR datasheet confirms this threshold in Table 5 and Section 7.5.
Does BQ294512DRVR support both 2-cell and 3-cell Li-ion configurations?
Yes, BQ294512DRVR supports both 2-series and 3-series Li-ion battery configurations. In a 2-cell setup, the V3 pin is shorted to V2; in a 3-cell stack, V1, V2, and V3 connect to the positive terminals of Cells 1, 2, and 3 respectively. The device monitors each differential voltage independently and triggers protection if any exceeds 4.4 V for 4 seconds. This flexibility is documented in Section 9.2.2 of the BQ294512DRVR datasheet.
What is the purpose of the PWRPAD thermal pad on BQ294512DRVR?
The PWRPAD on BQ294512DRVR is an exposed thermal pad that must be electrically and thermally connected to the VSS net on the PCB. It serves two critical functions: (1) providing a low-impedance ground return path essential for internal bias stability, and (2) reducing junction-to-board thermal resistance to 110.7°C/W. Failure to connect PWRPAD to VSS will cause incorrect operation or complete malfunction, as explicitly stated in Section 8.3.4 of the BQ294512DRVR datasheet.
Can BQ294512DRVR drive a MOSFET directly without additional circuitry?
Yes, BQ294512DRVR's OUT pin is designed to directly drive the gate of an external N-channel MOSFET. When an overvoltage condition is detected, OUT transitions high (≥6 V at VDD = 7.2 V) with up to 4.5 mA sink capability, sufficient to charge typical MOSFET gate capacitance. No level shifter or buffer is needed, though a gate resistor is recommended for EMI control. This interface method is validated in Figure 9-1 and Section 9.1 of the BQ294512DRVR application schematic.
What is Customer Test Mode (CTM) and how is it activated on BQ294512DRVR?
Customer Test Mode (CTM) is a factory-accessible diagnostic mode that reduces the overvoltage delay timer from 4 s to 15 ms for rapid functional verification during battery pack assembly. To activate CTM on BQ294512DRVR, apply VDD at least 10 V higher than the V3 pin voltage (e.g., V3 = 8.4 V, VDD ≥ 18.4 V). The mode exits automatically when the VDD–V3 differential drops below 10 V. This feature is detailed in Section 8.4.3 and Figure 8-2 of the BQ294512DRVR datasheet.
BQ294512DRVR Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 6-WDFN Exposed Pad
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Battery Protection
- Battery Chemistry:
- Lithium Ion
- Number of Cells:
- 2 ~ 3
- Fault Protection:
- Over Voltage
- Interface:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 110°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 6-WSON (2x2)
BQ294512DRVR FAQ
1.How can I place an order for BQ294512DRVR through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for BQ294512DRVR on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for BQ294512DRVR reliable?
The price and inventory of BQ294512DRVR are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for BQ294512DRVR is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for BQ294512DRVR?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for BQ294512DRVR transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for BQ294512DRVR?
BQ294512DRVR orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your BQ294512DRVR order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for BQ294512DRVR?
For technical support, including BQ294512DRVR datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your BQ294512DRVR requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that BQ294512DRVR is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All BQ294512DRVR products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that BQ294512DRVR meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of BQ294512DRVR?
All BQ294512DRVR units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with BQ294512DRVR, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The BQ294512DRVR part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for BQ294512DRVR:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
BQ294512DRVR Tags
-
BQ29700DSER
Texas Instruments
-
S-8241ABKMC-GBKT2G
ABLIC Inc.
-
S-8241ABPMC-GBPT2G
ABLIC Inc.
-
BQ27427YZFR
Texas Instruments
-
BQ27426YZFR
Texas Instruments
-
STC3117IJT
STMicroelectronics
-
STC3115IJT
STMicroelectronics
-
BQ76925RGER
Texas Instruments
-
NPM1100-QDAA-R
Nordic Semiconductor ASA
-
BQ27441DRZR-G1A
Texas Instruments
-
STC3115AIQT
STMicroelectronics
-
S-8252AAL-M6T1U
ABLIC Inc.
Tech Hub
A practical engineering guide to 3.3V and 5V logic compatibility, input thresholds, resistor dividers, translator ICs, MOSFET level shifting, I2C pull-ups, timing limits and power-sequencing risks.
The 74HC595 uses push-pull logic outputs, while the TPIC6B595 uses 50 V open-drain DMOS sinks for higher-power loads. This guide compares timing, current limits, 3.3 V interfacing, load wiring, thermal…
The 74HC595 converts serial data into eight stable parallel outputs. This guide covers pin functions, shift and storage timing, OE and MR behavior, drive-current limits, cascading, voltage compatibilit…
A technical comparison of level-sensitive latches and edge-triggered flip-flops, covering timing windows, setup and hold limits, master–slave operation, time borrowing, race-through, HDL inference and…
A D latch stores one bit while Enable controls when data can pass. This reference covers gate-level operation, truth tables, transparency, setup and hold timing, LE versus OE, common ICs and practical …
An SR latch stores one bit through cross-coupled feedback. This engineering reference covers NOR and NAND implementations, truth tables, forbidden-state recovery, gated operation, switch debouncing, fa…
Latch circuits retain one bit through feedback. This technical reference covers SR and D latches, truth tables, transparency, timing limits, latch-versus-flip-flop behavior, applications and common log…
An engineering guide to LED driver operation, constant-current and constant-voltage outputs, linear and switching topologies, dimming, IC selection, calculations, replacement compatibility, and fault c…
Operational amplifier guide covering op amp basics, feedback, ideal vs real op amps, common configurations, buffer circuits, offset, bias current, gain-bandwidth, slew rate, rail-to-rail limits and sel…
Jumper cables guide covering safe connection order, red and black clamp placement, final ground connection, cable gauge, length, clamp quality, copper vs CCA cables, jump starter comparison and battery…
