Texas Instruments BQ294522DRVT

Overview

BQ294522DRVT from Texas Instruments is a secondary overvoltage protection IC for 2- or 3-series Li-ion battery packs, featuring fixed 4.45 V OVP threshold, 4 s delay timer, ±10 mV detection accuracy, 1 µA supply current (VCELL < VPROTECT), and 6-pin SON package. It independently monitors each cell voltage and drives an external N-channel FET to trigger fuse blow during overvoltage faults in portable power tools and notebooks.

For engineers reviewing the BQ294522DRVT datasheet, BQ294522DRVT pinout, BQ294522DRVT application, or BQ294522DRVT equivalent, this page delivers verified technical context, real-world implementation constraints, thermal behavior at –40°C to +110°C, and selection guidance against comparable secondary protection devices with matching OVP/delay configurations.

Technical Context

The BQ294522DRVT implements independent analog sensing per cell (V1–VSS, V2–V1, V3–V2) using internal multiplexer-based comparators referenced to a factory-programmed 4.45 V overvoltage threshold. Its fixed 4 s delay timer activates only upon sustained overvoltage exceeding VOV, not transient spikes.

Output logic is active-high open-drain compatible with external NMOS gate drive; OUT transitions high after delay expiration and resets low when all cells fall below (VOV – VHYS = 4.15 V typical). The device operates across –40°C to +110°C ambient with VDD from 3 V to 25 V and supports both 2-cell (V3 shorted to V2) and 3-cell topologies.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

Package: 6-pin WSON (DRV), 2.00 mm × 2.00 mm body, exposed thermal pad (PWRPAD) requiring PCB connection to VSS.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar secondary overvoltage protection applications.

Compared with BQ294522DRVT, BQ294524DRVT extends fault confirmation time without changing OVP level, while BQ294532DRVT raises the protection threshold for advanced cathode materials-both retain identical thermal, leakage, and interface behavior for drop-in layout reuse.

Availability

BQ294522DRVT is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for power tools, notebook computers, and portable medical instrumentation requiring stable component supply, long-lifecycle support, and guaranteed second-source availability for battery safety-critical functions.

Supply support for BQ294522DRVT includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor company specializing in analog and embedded processing technologies, with leadership in battery management, power conversion, and precision analog ICs.

The BQ2945xx family was designed specifically for secondary overvoltage protection in multi-cell Li-ion battery packs, targeting compact, high-reliability applications where factory-trimmed thresholds and minimal external components reduce design risk and certification effort.

FAQ

What is the exact overvoltage protection threshold and accuracy of the BQ294522DRVT?

The BQ294522DRVT has a factory-programmed overvoltage protection threshold of 4.45 V with ±10 mV accuracy at 25°C, and total accuracy drift of ±54 mV across –40°C to +110°C. This value is fixed and non-adjustable, ensuring consistent secondary protection behavior without calibration or external components. The BQ294522DRVT's tight tolerance eliminates variability introduced by resistor dividers in discrete solutions.

Does the BQ294522DRVT support both 2-cell and 3-cell Li-ion configurations?

Yes, the BQ294522DRVT supports both 2-series and 3-series Li-ion battery configurations. For 2-cell use, V3 is shorted to V2 per the datasheet; for 3-cell, all three sense inputs (V1, V2, V3) are connected to respective cell positives. The BQ294522DRVT independently monitors each differential voltage (V1–VSS, V2–V1, V3–V2) and triggers protection if any exceeds 4.45 V.

What is the function of the PWRPAD on the BQ294522DRVT package?

The PWRPAD on the BQ294522DRVT is an exposed thermal pad that must be electrically and thermally connected to the VSS net on the PCB. It is not optional: failure to connect PWRPAD to VSS compromises thermal performance, electrical stability, and functional reliability. The BQ294522DRVT's datasheet explicitly states this connection is required for proper operation.

How does the BQ294522DRVT behave during Customer Test Mode (CTM)?

In Customer Test Mode (CTM), the BQ294522DRVT reduces its overvoltage delay from 4 s to 15 ms by applying VDD ≥10 V above V3. This allows rapid functional verification of the protection circuit during production test without waiting for full delay timeout. The BQ294522DRVT exits CTM automatically when the VDD–V3 differential drops below 10 V, reverting to normal 4 s timing.

What external components are required for stable operation of the BQ294522DRVT?

The BQ294522DRVT requires three RC filters (RIN/CIN) on V1, V2, and V3 pins (100–4700 Ω / 0.1–1 µF), plus a supply filter (RVD/CVD) on VDD (100–1 kΩ / 0.1 µF). These components suppress noise and ensure accurate voltage sampling. No resistors are needed for OVP threshold setting-the BQ294522DRVT's 4.45 V reference is internal and factory-trimmed.