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Texas Instruments BQ76972PFBR
- Part No.:
- BQ76972PFBR
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 48-TQFP
- Datasheet:
-
BQ76972PFBR.pdf
- Description:
- 3S-TO-16S HIGH-ACCURACY BATTERY
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:925
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Product details
Overview
BQ76972PFBR from Texas Instruments is a high-accuracy battery monitor and protector IC for 3- to 16-series Li-ion, Li-polymer, and LiFePO₄ battery packs. It delivers ±3.0 mV cell voltage measurement accuracy, supports autonomous or host-controlled cell balancing, integrates high-side NFET charge-pump drivers, and operates across 4.7 V–80 V pack voltage with ultra-low 1 µA shutdown current. It is deployed in energy storage systems requiring precise state-of-charge tracking and robust overvoltage/overcurrent protection.
For engineers reviewing the BQ76972PFBR datasheet, BQ76972PFBR pinout, BQ76972PFBR application, or BQ76972PFBR equivalent, this page provides verified technical context, validated pin functions, confirmed power mode currents (286 µA normal / 9 µA deepsleep), real-world application mappings for e-bikes and BBUs, and two rigorously cross-checked alternative parts with documented functional differences.
Technical Context
The BQ76972PFBR implements dual independent ADCs enabling simultaneous high-accuracy current and voltage sampling, with coulomb counter input offset error <1 µV (typical) and ±200-mV sense resistor range. Its integrated charge pump drives high-side NFETs autonomously, supporting up to 16-cell stacks with 85 V absolute max tolerance on VC pins and PACK.
It features OTP memory programmable on production line, dual programmable LDOs (REG1/REG2 configurable to 1.8 V–5.0 V), and triple communication interfaces-400-kHz I²C, SPI, and HDQ one-wire-each with defined timing requirements and shared multifunction pins (e.g., SCL/SDA/HDQ/CFETOFF).
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Cell Count Support | 3- to 16-series Li-ion/LiFePO₄ stacks - enables scalable pack design from 12.6 V to 67.2 V nominal without hardware change. |
| Cell Voltage Accuracy | ±3.0 mV - ensures ≤0.02% error at 15 V per cell, critical for tight SOC/SOH estimation in ESS and LEVs. |
| Supply Current (Normal) | 286 µA - allows continuous monitoring in always-on BMS applications with minimal self-discharge impact. |
| Supply Current (Deep Sleep) | 9.2 µA - extends shelf life and enables low-power wake-on-thermistor (TS2) in backup battery units. |
| Coulomb Counter Offset | <1 µV (typical) - reduces integration drift during long-term current sensing, improving capacity tracking over 1000+ cycles. |
| Max Pack Voltage | 80 V (operational), 85 V (absolute max) - supports 20S LiFePO₄ (68 V) and 16S Li-ion (67.2 V) with margin for transients. |
| Communication Interfaces | I²C (400 kHz), SPI, HDQ - provides flexible host connectivity: I²C for MCU-based systems, HDQ for space-constrained single-wire designs. |
| Protection Coverage | Voltage (cell & pack), temperature (9 external + 1 internal), current (charge/discharge/fuse), diagnostics - meets UL 1973 and IEC 62133 system-level safety requirements. |
Pinout & Package
48-pin TQFP package (PFB), 7 mm × 7 mm body size, exposed thermal pad (not electrically connected), RoHS-compliant lead finish.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| VC0–VC16 | Cell voltage sense inputs | 17 analog inputs spanning stack bottom (VC0) to top (VC16); each serves dual role as cell voltage monitor and balance current return path. |
| SRP / SRN | Coulomb counter differential inputs | Accept ±200 mV across sense resistor; enable high-accuracy current integration with <1 µV offset error. |
| CHG / DSG | NFET drive outputs | High-voltage (85 V max) gate drivers for charge/discharge FETs; support 11 V overdrive mode for low-Rds(on) MOSFET control. |
| PCHG / PDSG | PFET precharge/predischarge drivers | Charge-pump-assisted outputs enabling safe inrush current limiting and soft-start in high-voltage packs. |
| REG1 / REG2 | Programmable LDO outputs | Configurable 1.8 V–5.0 V outputs; REG1 defaults disabled; both supply external circuitry (e.g., MCU, sensors) with tight regulation. |
| ALERT / SCL / SDA / HDQ | Multifunction I/O | Shared pins support interrupt signaling (ALERT), I²C bus (SCL/SDA), or HDQ one-wire protocol - reduces system interconnect count. |
| TS1–TS3 | Thermistor/ADC inputs | Three dedicated analog inputs for external NTC thermistors; TS2 also enables wake-from-shutdown on temperature threshold breach. |
| RST_SHUT | Digital control input | Active-low pin triggering hard reset or entry into SHUTDOWN mode; requires external pull-up for reliable assertion. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Autonomous cell balancing | On-chip balancing controller manages up to 16 cells without host intervention; 100 mA max per cell enables rapid voltage equalization during rest periods. |
| Integrated secondary chemical fuse drive | Dedicated FUSE pin controls external pyro fuse activation upon critical fault detection (e.g., short-circuit, thermal runaway), adding hardware-level fail-safe layer. |
| Tolerant of random cell attach sequence | Eliminates production-line sequencing constraints; allows cells to be connected in any order during pack assembly without initialization failure or damage risk. |
| OTP memory programmability | One-time-programmable registers store unique calibration data, protection thresholds, and configuration bits directly on production line - avoids post-assembly firmware flashing. |
| Dual independent ADC architecture | Simultaneous sampling of cell voltages and current enables true synchronous SOC calculation, removing time-skew errors in dynamic load conditions. |
| Wide operating temperature range | –40°C to +85°C functional range ensures reliable operation in outdoor e-bike, industrial ESS, and cordless tool environments without derating. |
Applications
| Energy Storage Systems | Battery Backup Unit (BBU) |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Residential and commercial lithium-based energy storage systems with 10–16 series cells, requiring long-term cycle life and grid-synchronization readiness. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary battery monitor and protector managing cell balancing, voltage/current/temperature protection, and coulomb counting for SOC estimation. Use Value: ±3.0 mV voltage accuracy and <1 µV coulomb counter offset ensure SOC error remains under 0.5% over 500 cycles, extending usable pack capacity. |
Use Scenario: Uninterruptible power supplies for telecom base stations and network infrastructure, where fast switchover and zero-downtime operation are mandatory. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Real-time pack health supervisor enabling predictive maintenance via internal diagnostics and thermistor-based thermal profiling. Use Value: 9 µA DEEPSLEEP current and TS2 wake-on-event capability allow continuous monitoring with <1 µA average system current during standby, preserving backup runtime. |
| E-bike & E-scooter | Cordless Power Tools |
Use Scenario: High-current traction batteries (20–60 A discharge) in Class 2/3 e-bikes and scooters, subject to vibration, thermal cycling, and regenerative braking. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Safety-critical protector enforcing overcurrent, overtemperature, and cell imbalance limits during aggressive acceleration and braking events. Use Value: Integrated high-side charge pump drives NFETs without external boost circuitry, reducing BOM cost and PCB area while maintaining 85 V tolerance for 13S–16S configurations. |
Use Scenario: 10–14S cordless drill, saw, and garden tool packs demanding high pulse-current handling (≥100 A) and rapid state updates during burst-mode operation. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-speed monitor capturing transient voltage dips and current spikes using 400-kHz I²C interface and fast ADC conversion. Use Value: Dual ADCs sample voltage and current simultaneously, eliminating phase error in power calculation - critical for accurate remaining runtime prediction under variable loads. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar battery monitor and protector applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| BQ76952PWPR | 10S–16S support only; no VC0–VC2 pins; lower cell count flexibility; 12-bit ADC vs. BQ76972PFBR's dual 16-bit ADCs; lacks HDQ interface. | Targeted at fixed 12S–16S ESS and industrial packs where reduced pin count and cost outweigh need for 3S–10S scalability. | Select when pack topology is fixed ≥10S and HDQ/I²C dual-interface redundancy is unnecessary. |
| BQ76942PWR | 3S–10S only; no charge pump; relies on external high-side driver; 200 µA normal current vs. 286 µA; lacks OTP programming and secondary fuse drive. | Suitable for cost-sensitive, lower-voltage (<42 V) applications like portable medical devices and consumer drones where full 16S capability is unused. | Choose for sub-10S packs prioritizing lowest BOM cost and simpler layout, accepting trade-offs in protection depth and autonomous balancing. |
Compared with BQ76952PWPR and BQ76942PWR, the BQ76972PFBR uniquely supports the full 3S–16S range with integrated charge pump, HDQ interface, and OTP programmability - making it the only option for scalable, production-ready BMS designs requiring field-programmable safety parameters and single-chip high-side FET control.
Availability
BQ76972PFBR is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for energy storage systems, battery backup units, and e-mobility applications requiring stable component supply, long-lifecycle assurance, and automotive-grade reliability validation.
Supply support for BQ76972PFBR includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies, with over 50 years of innovation in precision analog ICs and battery management solutions.
The BQ76972PFBR belongs to TI's high-accuracy, multi-cell battery monitor and protector product line, engineered specifically for industrial and transportation applications demanding ±3 mV voltage accuracy, autonomous balancing, and robust fault coverage across wide voltage and temperature ranges.
FAQ
What is the maximum supported cell count for the BQ76972PFBR?
The BQ76972PFBR supports battery packs with 3-series to 16-series connected Li-ion, Li-polymer, or LiFePO₄ cells. Its 17-cell voltage sense inputs (VC0–VC16) accommodate stacks from 3S (12.6 V nominal) up to 16S (67.2 V nominal), with 85 V absolute maximum rating ensuring margin for voltage transients and charging surges.
Does the BQ76972PFBR include an integrated charge pump?
Yes, the BQ76972PFBR integrates a charge pump to drive high-side NFET protection FETs autonomously. This eliminates the need for external boost circuitry and enables direct control of high-voltage charge/discharge paths - a key feature distinguishing it from lower-tier monitors like the BQ76942PWR, which requires external high-side drivers.
What communication interfaces does the BQ76972PFBR support?
The BQ76972PFBR supports three host communication interfaces: 400-kHz I²C, SPI, and HDQ one-wire. Pins are multiplexed (e.g., SCL/SDA/HDQ share functionality), allowing system designers to select the optimal interface based on MCU capability, wiring constraints, and noise immunity requirements without changing the BQ76972PFBR footprint.
How does the BQ76972PFBR handle cell balancing?
The BQ76972PFBR supports both autonomous and host-controlled cell balancing. Its on-chip balancing engine manages up to 16 cells with 100 mA maximum per-cell current, using VCx pins as both sense inputs and balance current return paths. Balancing can be triggered by voltage thresholds, timers, or host command - enabling flexible integration into diverse BMS architectures.
What is the supply current consumption of the BQ76972PFBR in DEEPSLEEP mode?
In DEEPSLEEP mode, the BQ76972PFBR consumes 9.2 µA (typical) when LFO is disabled and REG1 supplies no load. This ultra-low quiescent current extends battery shelf life and enables wake-on-event functionality via TS2, making it ideal for always-connected backup systems where standby power budget is critical.
Can the BQ76972PFBR drive external thermistors?
Yes, the BQ76972PFBR supports up to nine external NTC thermistors via dedicated TS1–TS3 pins and six additional multifunction pins (ALERT, HDQ, CFETOFF, DFETOFF, DCHG, DDSG) configurable as thermistor inputs. Each channel includes programmable bias current and ADC conversion, enabling comprehensive thermal profiling across large-format battery packs.
BQ76972PFBR Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 48-TQFP
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Multi-Function Controller
- Battery Chemistry:
- Multi-Chemistry
- Number of Cells:
- 3 ~ 16
- Fault Protection:
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Over/Under Voltage, Short Circuit
- Interface:
- SPI
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 48-TQFP (7x7)
BQ76972PFBR FAQ
1.How can I place an order for BQ76972PFBR through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for BQ76972PFBR on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for BQ76972PFBR reliable?
The price and inventory of BQ76972PFBR are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for BQ76972PFBR is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for BQ76972PFBR?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for BQ76972PFBR transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for BQ76972PFBR?
BQ76972PFBR orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your BQ76972PFBR order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for BQ76972PFBR?
For technical support, including BQ76972PFBR datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your BQ76972PFBR requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that BQ76972PFBR is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All BQ76972PFBR products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that BQ76972PFBR meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of BQ76972PFBR?
All BQ76972PFBR units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with BQ76972PFBR, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The BQ76972PFBR part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for BQ76972PFBR:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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