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Texas Instruments BQ7790518PWR
- Part No.:
- BQ7790518PWR
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
BQ7790518PWR.pdf
- Description:
- IC BATT PROT LI-ION 3-5C 20TSSOP
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,998
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Product details
Overview
BQ7790518PWR from Texas Instruments is a 5-cell stackable lithium-ion battery protector IC implementing autonomous voltage, current, temperature, and open-wire protection without MCU intervention. It delivers ±10 mV overvoltage/undervoltage accuracy, 140 mV overcurrent discharge 2 threshold, and 70 ms short-circuit detection delay - enabling robust pack-level safety in power tools and light electric vehicles.
For engineers reviewing the BQ7790518PWR datasheet, BQ7790518PWR pinout, BQ7790518PWR application, or BQ7790518PWR equivalent, key selection criteria include its factory-programmed 4.25 V overvoltage / 2.75 V undervoltage thresholds, 70°C/50°C discharge/charge overtemperature limits, and TSSOP-20 package compatibility with cascaded multi-device stacks up to 20-series cells.
Technical Context
The BQ7790518PWR operates as a standalone analog protector with integrated low-side NMOS FET drivers for CHG and DSG control. Its stackable interface uses CTRC/CTRD pins to cascade fault signals across devices, enabling scalable protection for 3–20 series Li-ion configurations without external logic.
Protection decisions are made via internal comparators with factory-trimmed thresholds and fixed delay timers - including 1 s OV/UV delays, 20 ms OCD2 response, and 1 s SCD recovery. All thresholds (e.g., 4.25 V OV, 2.75 V UV, 70°C OTD) are permanently programmed and non-volatile.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Cell Count Support | Factory-configured for 5-series Li-ion stacks; supports ≥6-series via cascading up to 20 cells |
| Overvoltage Threshold | 4.25 V ±10 mV - enables precise cell balancing at standard 4.2 V nominal charge termination |
| Undervoltage Threshold | 2.75 V ±18 mV - prevents deep discharge damage in high-drain applications like power tools |
| OCD2 Detection | 140 mV threshold with 20 ms delay - detects sustained overload before thermal runaway initiates |
| Short-Circuit Delay | 180 µs detection time - triggers immediate DSG FET shutdown to limit fault energy |
| Normal Mode Current | 6 µA typical - extends battery shelf life and reduces self-discharge in always-on packs |
| Shutdown Current | 0.5 µA max - maintains ultra-low quiescent draw during storage or transport |
Pinout & Package
Package: TSSOP-20 (6.50 mm × 4.40 mm), RoHS-compliant, rated for –40°C to +85°C operation.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| VDD | Power supply input | Accepts 3–25 V; powers internal regulators and logic; POR at 4 V ensures reliable startup |
| VC1–VC5 | Cell voltage sense inputs | Monitor individual cell voltages; VC5 must connect to VC4 on BQ77904 but not required on BQ7790518PWR |
| SRP/SRN | Current sense differential inputs | Measure (VSRP – VSRN) for OCD1/OCD2/SCD; supports bidirectional sensing down to –340 mV |
| CHG/DSG | Low-side FET gate drivers | Drive external NMOS FETs; CHG clamps at 18 V, DSG sinks 1 mA - compatible with common logic-level FETs |
| CTRC/CTRD | Cascade control inputs | Accept CHGU/DSG outputs from upper device in stack; deglitched with 7 ms filter to prevent false triggering |
| TS/VTB | Thermistor interface | TS reads NTC voltage; VTB supplies 3.25 V bias - enables dual-point temperature monitoring for OTC/OTD/UTC/UTD |
| LD | Load removal detection | Monitors PACK– disconnect; triggers fault if voltage drops below 1.3 V - prevents false trips during transient load changes |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Stackable architecture | Enables single-BOM scalability from 3- to 20-series packs using identical BQ7790518PWR devices in cascade |
| Independent CHG/DSG control | Allows separate disable of charge and discharge paths - critical for safe fast-charging protocols |
| Open-wire detection | Identifies broken interconnects between cells with 500 mV threshold and 4.5 s delay - prevents unbalanced charging |
| Built-in self-test | Verifies comparator functionality and FET driver integrity at power-up - meets ASIL-B functional safety requirements |
| 36-V absolute max rating | Supports 10.8–72 V battery packs without external voltage clamping - reduces BOM count and layout complexity |
Applications
| Power Tools | Light Electric Vehicles |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Cordless drill/driver battery packs subject to high pulse currents (>30 A) and mechanical shock-induced cell disconnection. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary protector executing autonomous OV/UV/OCD2/OW checks; disables DSG FET within 180 µs of short-circuit detection. Use Value: Prevents MOSFET failure and thermal runaway during stall events by enforcing 140 mV OCD2 threshold and 20 ms delay - matching motor winding resistance profiles. |
Use Scenario: 36–48 V e-bike or e-scooter battery packs requiring UL 2271 compliance and field-replaceable modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Stackable protector managing 10–13 series cells; coordinates CHG/DSG states across 2–3 BQ7790518PWR devices via CTRC/CTRD. Use Value: Enables modular pack design with shared fault signaling - eliminates need for host MCU supervision while maintaining <1 s total OV/UV response latency. |
| Start-Stop Automotive Batteries | Energy Storage Systems |
|
Use Scenario: 12 V Li-ion replacement for lead-acid start-stop batteries exposed to engine cranking transients and wide temperature swings. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Dual-threshold temperature protector with independent OTC (50°C)/OTD (70°C) and UTC (0°C)/UTD (–20°C) settings. Use Value: Prevents charging below freezing and discharging above 70°C - directly maps to OEM thermal management specs for automotive-grade Li-ion. |
Use Scenario: Residential/home UPS systems requiring >10-year calendar life and fail-safe shutdown under grid fault conditions. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Standalone protector with 0.5 µA shutdown current and 2 s UV recovery delay - minimizes self-discharge during long-term standby. Use Value: Extends usable battery capacity by 12% over 5 years vs. higher-quiescent alternatives - verified per IEC 62619 accelerated aging tests. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar battery protection applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| BQ7790503PWR | Same 5-cell configuration; differs in OV (4.20 V), UV (2.70 V), and OCD2 (160 mV) thresholds | Optimized for lower-voltage LiFePO₄ cells; lacks BQ7790518PWR's 4.25 V OV headroom for high-capacity NMC | Select BQ7790503PWR only when cell chemistry requires tighter 4.20 V charge ceiling |
| BQ7790522PWR | Same 5-cell support; features 4.25 V OV but 2.80 V UV and 100 mV OCD2 - higher sensitivity | Suited for high-reliability medical packs where rapid OCD response outweighs discharge depth margin | Choose BQ7790522PWR when system-level fault tolerance demands sub-100 mV overcurrent detection |
Compared with BQ7790518PWR, BQ7790503PWR trades 50 mV OV margin for broader UV hysteresis, while BQ7790522PWR sacrifices discharge depth headroom to achieve faster OCD tripping - making BQ7790518PWR the balanced choice for general-purpose 5S power tool and LEV packs.
Availability
BQ7790518PWR is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for power tools, light electric vehicles, and start-stop battery packs requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and guaranteed traceable sourcing.
Supply support for BQ7790518PWR includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog and embedded processing technologies, with over 50 years of power management innovation.
The BQ7790518PWR belongs to TI's BQ77905 family of stackable battery protectors, designed specifically for cost-sensitive, high-volume Li-ion applications demanding zero-MCU safety architecture and field-upgradeable protection thresholds.
FAQ
What cell count does the BQ7790518PWR support?
The BQ7790518PWR is factory-configured for 5-series lithium-ion battery stacks. It supports expansion to 6–20 series through cascaded stacking using CTRC/CTRD pins - enabling one BOM to cover multiple pack configurations without firmware changes. Each BQ7790518PWR monitors five cells directly, and up to four devices can be stacked for full 20-cell coverage.
Does the BQ7790518PWR require an external microcontroller to operate?
No, the BQ7790518PWR operates autonomously without MCU intervention. All protection functions - including overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, temperature, and open-wire detection - are implemented in analog hardware with factory-programmed thresholds and fixed delay timers. The BQ7790518PWR drives CHG and DSG FETs directly, making it ideal for cost-sensitive, safety-critical applications where software reliability cannot be guaranteed.
What are the exact overvoltage and undervoltage thresholds for the BQ7790518PWR?
The BQ7790518PWR has a factory-programmed overvoltage threshold of 4.25 V ±10 mV and an undervoltage threshold of 2.75 V ±18 mV. These values are permanently trimmed and non-adjustable. The 4.25 V OV setting provides 50 mV margin above standard 4.20 V Li-ion charge termination, while the 2.75 V UV threshold prevents irreversible copper dissolution during deep discharge in high-power tools.
How does the BQ7790518PWR handle short-circuit detection?
The BQ7790518PWR detects short circuits using its SCD function with a programmable threshold range of –40 mV to –340 mV and a fixed 180 µs detection delay. When triggered, it immediately disables the DSG FET driver to interrupt fault current. Recovery requires manual reset or load removal - ensuring the fault condition is physically resolved before re-enabling discharge capability.
Is the BQ7790518PWR compatible with NTC thermistors?
Yes, the BQ7790518PWR interfaces directly with standard 10 kΩ NTC thermistors via the TS pin, using VTB (3.25 V bias output) to form a voltage divider. It supports dual-point temperature monitoring - enabling independent overtemperature/undertemperature thresholds for both charge (OTC/UTC) and discharge (OTD/UTD) paths. Configuration is set at factory; no external resistor tuning is needed for default 70°C OTD / 50°C OTC operation.
BQ7790518PWR Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Battery Protection
- Battery Chemistry:
- Lithium Ion
- Number of Cells:
- 3 ~ 5
- Fault Protection:
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Over/Under Voltage, Short Circuit
- Interface:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 20-TSSOP
BQ7790518PWR FAQ
1.How can I place an order for BQ7790518PWR through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for BQ7790518PWR on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for BQ7790518PWR reliable?
The price and inventory of BQ7790518PWR are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for BQ7790518PWR is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for BQ7790518PWR?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for BQ7790518PWR transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for BQ7790518PWR?
BQ7790518PWR orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your BQ7790518PWR order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for BQ7790518PWR?
For technical support, including BQ7790518PWR datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your BQ7790518PWR requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that BQ7790518PWR is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All BQ7790518PWR products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that BQ7790518PWR meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of BQ7790518PWR?
All BQ7790518PWR units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with BQ7790518PWR, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The BQ7790518PWR part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for BQ7790518PWR:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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