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Texas Instruments BQ7790521PWR
- Part No.:
- BQ7790521PWR
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
BQ7790521PWR.pdf
- Description:
- IC BATT PROT LI-ION 3-5C 20TSSOP
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,350
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Product details
Overview
BQ7790521PWR from Texas Instruments is a 5-cell stackable lithium-ion battery protector IC implementing autonomous voltage, current, temperature, and open-wire protection without MCU control. It delivers ±10 mV overvoltage/undervoltage accuracy, 140 mV overcurrent discharge 2 threshold, 320 mV short-circuit discharge threshold, and supports 70°C/50°C overtemperature discharge/charge thresholds - deployed in power tools and light electric vehicles.
For engineers reviewing the BQ7790521PWR datasheet, BQ7790521PWR pinout, BQ7790521PWR application, or BQ7790521PWR equivalent, key selection factors include its factory-programmed 3700 mV overvoltage threshold with 1 s delay, 2500 mV undervoltage threshold with 1 s delay, 200 mV hysteresis, and support for cascaded 6+ series configurations via CHGU/CTRC interface.
Technical Context
The BQ7790521PWR operates in NORMAL mode at 6 µA quiescent current and SHUTDOWN mode at ≤0.5 µA, enabling ultra-low-power battery pack monitoring. Its integrated low-side NMOS FET drivers (CHG, DSG, CHGU) provide independent charge/discharge control with 11–14 V on-state drive capability and sub-15 µs turn-off timing.
Protection logic uses factory-programmed thresholds with internal delay timers; fault recovery is load-removal-based for OCD2/SCD. The CCFG pin configures cell count (3–5 series), while TS/VTB interface supports NTC thermistor-based temperature sensing referenced to 10-kΩ bias.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Cell Count Support | Factory-configured for 5-series Li-ion stacks; scalable to ≥20-series via daisy-chained CHGU/CTRC interface |
| Overvoltage Threshold | 3700 mV ±10 mV (25°C); enables precise high-voltage cutoff before cell degradation |
| Undervoltage Threshold | 2500 mV ±18 mV (25°C); prevents deep discharge damage to cathode structure |
| OCD2 Threshold | 140 mV ±20% (≤20 mV range); detects sustained moderate overloads without false triggering |
| SCD Threshold | 320 mV ±20% (≤20 mV range); triggers within 360 µs for hard short-circuit isolation |
| Normal Mode Current | 6 µA typical at 25°C; extends battery shelf life in always-on protection systems |
| Operating Temperature | –40°C to +85°C ambient; validated for industrial-grade power tool and E-bike environments |
Pinout & Package
Package: 20-pin TSSOP (PW), 6.50 mm × 4.40 mm body size, JEDEC MO-153 compliant, rated for 85°C max junction temperature.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| VDD (Pin 1) | Supply input | 3–25 V main power rail; powers analog/digital blocks and FET drivers |
| VC1–VC5 (Pins 7,6,5,4,3) | Cell voltage sense inputs | Differential sensing of 5-series cell stack; VC5 must connect to VC4 per BQ77905 spec |
| SRP/SRN (Pins 9,10) | Current sense differential inputs | Measures (VSRP – VSRN) across sense resistor for OCD1/OCD2/SCD detection |
| CHG (Pin 13) | Charge FET driver output | Drives low-side NMOS gate; active-high, 1 mA sink/source, 12 V typical on-state |
| DSG (Pin 11) | Discharge FET driver output | Drives low-side NMOS gate; active-high, 1 mA sink/source, 12 V typical on-state |
| CHGU (Pin 12) | Cascaded charge signal output | Feeds upper-device CHG signal to CTRC of lower device in stacked configuration |
| CTRC/CTRD (Pins 18,19) | FET override control inputs | Enable/disable CHG/DSG externally; used for inter-device signal chaining in ≥6S stacks |
| TS/VTB (Pins 15,16) | NTC thermistor interface | TS accepts thermistor voltage divider; VTB supplies 3.0 V bias reference for temperature sensing |
| LD (Pin 14) | Load removal detection input | Monitors PACK– node; triggers recovery when load disconnects after fault condition |
| CCFG (Pin 17) | Cell count configuration input | Configures 3/4/5-cell operation via voltage ratio against AVDD (25–45% = 5-cell mode) |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Stackable architecture | Enables ≥6-series battery packs using CHGU-to-CTRC cascading without external logic |
| Independent CHG/DSG drivers | Allows selective blocking of charge or discharge paths during distinct fault conditions |
| Open-wire detection | Identifies broken cell interconnects via 500 mV ±50 mV threshold per VCx node |
| Functional safety documentation | Includes FIT rate data and failure mode analysis to support ISO 26262 ASIL-B system design |
| Customer Test Mode (CTM) | Enables in-system validation of protection thresholds and timing via VDD-triggered entry |
Applications
| Power Tools | Light Electric Vehicles |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Cordless drill battery packs with 5-series 18650 cells operating at 18–21 V nominal. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary protector executing autonomous OV/UV/OTD/UTD/OCD2/SCD decisions within fixed factory-programmed delays. Use Value: Prevents thermal runaway during stall-current events via 320 mV SCD threshold with 360 µs response, eliminating need for external microcontroller intervention. |
Use Scenario: 36-V e-scooter battery modules using five 7.2-V Li-ion sub-packs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Stackable protector managing cell-balancing readiness and pack-level fault isolation across distributed modules. Use Value: Enables modular 5S design with cascaded CHGU/CTRC signaling, reducing BMS complexity versus single-point controller architectures. |
| Start-Stop Battery Packs | Energy Storage Systems |
|
Use Scenario: Automotive 12-V replacement Li-ion packs requiring robust cold-cranking support down to –20°C. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Undertemperature discharge (UTD) protector enforcing –20°C cutoff with 5.3 s delay to avoid false trips during transient cold starts. Use Value: Maintains cranking capability while preventing lithium plating via validated –20°C UTD threshold with 200 mV hysteresis. |
Use Scenario: Residential 48-V home energy storage using sixteen 3.2-V LFP cells in 4×4 configuration. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Sub-pack protector providing localized overvoltage and open-wire detection before central BMS arbitration. Use Value: Adds layer-1 fault containment: isolates single failed 5S sub-module without disabling entire 48-V string. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar lithium-ion battery protection applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| BQ7790512PWR | Higher OV threshold (4175 mV), longer UV delay (2 s), 75 mV OCD2 threshold | Better suited for high-voltage LCO cells requiring tighter overvoltage margin | Select when cell chemistry demands >4.1 V cutoff and slower UV response avoids nuisance tripping |
| BQ7790509PWR | 4250 mV OV, 2500 mV UV, 100 mV OCD2, 200 mV hysteresis, same 1 s delays | Optimized for balanced protection in mid-range NMC packs with moderate load profiles | Choose for cost-sensitive NMC designs where 4.25 V OV aligns with standard charging protocols |
Compared with BQ7790521PWR, BQ7790512PWR raises overvoltage guardband for aging-prone chemistries, while BQ7790509PWR offers higher OV tolerance at identical timing - both retain full 5S stackability and CHGU/CTRC compatibility but differ in factory-set protection thresholds critical for cell-specific safety margins.
Availability
BQ7790521PWR is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for power tools, light electric vehicles, and start-stop battery packs requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle assurance, and automotive-grade reliability.
Supply support for BQ7790521PWR includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies with over 50 years of innovation in precision analog ICs.
The BQ77905 family belongs to TI's battery management portfolio, designed specifically for autonomous, stackable, ultra-low-power protection of multi-cell lithium-ion packs in industrial and mobility applications.
FAQ
What is the overvoltage protection threshold programmed into the BQ7790521PWR?
The BQ7790521PWR has a factory-programmed overvoltage threshold of 3700 mV with ±10 mV accuracy at 25°C and 1-second detection delay. This setting targets conservative cutoff for 3.7 V nominal Li-ion cells to prevent electrolyte decomposition and gas generation during charging. The BQ7790521PWR does not support field reprogramming of this threshold.
Does the BQ7790521PWR support 6-series or higher battery configurations?
Yes, the BQ7790521PWR supports ≥6-series configurations through daisy-chained stacking: the CHGU output of an upper device connects to the CTRC input of the device below it, enabling coordinated CHG/DSG control across multiple BQ7790521PWR units. Each BQ7790521PWR handles up to 5 cells, so four devices can protect up to 20-series stacks.
How does the BQ7790521PWR handle short-circuit detection and recovery?
The BQ7790521PWR detects short circuits via its SCD function with a 320 mV threshold (VSRP–VSRN) and responds within 360 µs. Recovery requires load removal detected at the LD pin followed by a 1-second or 9-second configurable delay. The BQ7790521PWR does not auto-recover under load - physical disconnection is mandatory before FET re-enable.
What is the role of the CCFG pin on the BQ7790521PWR?
The CCFG pin configures the BQ7790521PWR for 3-, 4-, or 5-cell operation by sensing a voltage ratio relative to AVDD. For 5-cell mode, CCFG must be biased between 25% and 45% of AVDD (e.g., via resistor divider). Incorrect CCFG voltage causes undefined behavior or failure to initialize - the BQ7790521PWR will not operate in 5S mode unless this condition is met.
Can the BQ7790521PWR be used with NTC thermistors other than the 103AT type?
Yes, the BQ7790521PWR supports custom NTCs via the TS/VTB interface, but temperature thresholds (OTD/OTC/UTD/UTC) scale linearly with the thermistor's resistance-vs-temperature curve. The published 70°C/50°C thresholds assume a 10-kΩ 103AT NTC; using alternate NTCs requires recalculating mV trip points from the BQ7790521PWR's VTB-referenced voltage divider equations in the datasheet.
BQ7790521PWR Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Battery Protection
- Battery Chemistry:
- Lithium Ion
- Number of Cells:
- 3 ~ 5
- Fault Protection:
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Over/Under Voltage, Short Circuit
- Interface:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 20-TSSOP
BQ7790521PWR FAQ
1.How can I place an order for BQ7790521PWR through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for BQ7790521PWR on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for BQ7790521PWR reliable?
The price and inventory of BQ7790521PWR are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for BQ7790521PWR is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for BQ7790521PWR?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for BQ7790521PWR transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for BQ7790521PWR?
BQ7790521PWR orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your BQ7790521PWR order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for BQ7790521PWR?
For technical support, including BQ7790521PWR datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your BQ7790521PWR requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that BQ7790521PWR is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All BQ7790521PWR products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that BQ7790521PWR meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of BQ7790521PWR?
All BQ7790521PWR units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with BQ7790521PWR, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The BQ7790521PWR part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for BQ7790521PWR:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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