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Texas Instruments BQ7790522PWR
- Part No.:
- BQ7790522PWR
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
BQ7790522PWR.pdf
- Description:
- IC BATT PROT LI-ION 3-5C 20TSSOP
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:1,283
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Product details
Overview
BQ7790522PWR from Texas Instruments is a 5-cell stackable lithium-ion battery protector IC implementing autonomous voltage, current, temperature, and open-wire protection without MCU control. It delivers ±10 mV overvoltage/undervoltage accuracy, 100 mV overcurrent discharge 2 threshold, and 300 ms overcurrent 2 delay - enabling robust pack-level safety in 14.8-V to 25.9-V power tool and light EV battery systems.
For engineers reviewing the BQ7790522PWR datasheet, BQ7790522PWR pinout, BQ7790522PWR application, or BQ7790522PWR equivalent, key selection considerations include its factory-programmed 4.25 V overvoltage / 2.8 V undervoltage thresholds, 70°C/50°C discharge/charge overtemperature limits, 20-pin TSSOP package with independent CHG/DSG FET drivers, and scalable stack architecture supporting up to 20-series cell configurations.
Technical Context
The BQ7790522PWR operates in NORMAL mode at 6 µA quiescent current and SHUTDOWN mode at ≤0.5 µA, using internal comparators and fixed-delay timers for autonomous fault response. Its 5-cell configuration is set via CCFG pin biasing, and it supports cascaded stacking via CHGU/CTRC/CTRD signals to extend protection to ≥6-series packs.
Protection execution relies on integrated low-side NMOS FET drivers (CHG/DSG) with 12 V typical on-voltage, 0.5 kΩ CHG off-resistance, and 16 Ω DSG off-resistance. Fault detection uses differential SRP/SRN sensing, VCx-based cell voltage monitoring, and TS/VTB-based NTC thermistor interface with programmable temperature thresholds referenced to VTB.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Cell Count Support | Factory-configured for 5-series Li-ion stacks; scalable to 20-series via daisy-chained stacking |
| Overvoltage Threshold | 4.25 V ±10 mV - enables precise cell balancing guardbanding for 4.2 V nominal cells |
| Undervoltage Threshold | 2.80 V ±18 mV - prevents deep discharge damage in high-drain applications like power tools |
| OCD2 Threshold & Delay | 100 mV with 350 ms delay - detects sustained overload before thermal runaway in motor-driven loads |
| OTD/OTC Thresholds | 70°C discharge / 50°C charge - matches common NTC thermistor curves for accurate thermal shutdown |
| Quiescent Current | 6 µA in NORMAL mode - extends shelf life and reduces self-discharge in standby battery packs |
| Package | TSSOP-20 (6.5 mm × 4.4 mm) - surface-mount compatible with automated PCB assembly and thermal relief pads |
Pinout & Package
Package: 20-pin TSSOP (PW), body size 6.50 mm × 4.40 mm, JEDEC MO-153 compliant, rated for –40°C to +85°C operating temperature.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| VDD (Pin 1) | Power supply input | Accepts 3–25 V; powers internal regulators and logic; POR triggers at 4 V rising edge |
| VC1–VC5 (Pins 7,6,5,4,3) | Cell voltage sense inputs | Monitor individual cell voltages from bottom to top of 5-cell stack; VC5 must connect to VC4 on BQ77904 only |
| SRP/SRN (Pins 9,10) | Differential current sense inputs | Measure pack current via external sense resistor; support OCD1/OCD2/SCD detection with ±20% accuracy |
| CHG/DSG (Pins 13,11) | Low-side FET gate drivers | Drive external NMOS FETs; CHG controls charge path, DSG controls discharge path; 1 mA drive capability |
| CHGU/CTRC/CTRD (Pins 12,18,19) | Stack control interface | Enable cascading: CHGU feeds upper device's CHG signal to lower device's CTRC; CTRD disables DSG |
| TS/VTB (Pins 15,16) | NTC thermistor interface | TS accepts thermistor voltage divider; VTB provides 2.5 V bias reference; thresholds defined as % of VTB |
| LD (Pin 14) | Load removal detection input | Monitors PACK– node; triggers recovery when load disconnect exceeds 1.3 V threshold |
| CCFG (Pin 17) | Cell count configuration | Determines 3/4/5-cell mode via analog voltage ratio to AVDD; 5-cell mode requires floating or mid-bias |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Autonomous Protection Logic | Eliminates need for host MCU supervision - all voltage/current/temperature/open-wire faults trigger internal timers and FET control |
| Stackable Architecture | Supports up to 20-series cells using CHGU/CTRC/CTRD inter-device signaling - no external logic required for scaling |
| Independent CHG/DSG Drivers | Enables asymmetric protection: e.g., disable charging while permitting discharge during overtemperature events |
| Open-Wire Detection | Identifies broken cell interconnects via VCx-to-VC(x−1) voltage drop >500 mV - critical for field-repairable battery packs |
| Functional Safety Documentation | Includes FIT rate data, failure mode analysis, and diagnostic coverage guidance - accelerates ISO 26262 ASIL-B system certification |
Applications
| Power Tools | Light Electric Vehicles |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Cordless drill/driver battery packs subject to high pulse currents (>30 A) and mechanical shock-induced cell disconnection. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary protector executing autonomous OV/UV/OCD2/OW detection with 350 ms delay to avoid nuisance tripping during motor startup surges. Use Value: Prevents cell overvoltage during regenerative braking and detects open-wire faults before pack failure in vibration-prone environments. |
Use Scenario: 48-V e-scooter battery modules requiring coordinated charge/discharge thermal cutoff and long-term storage safety. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Dual-mode temperature supervisor enforcing 50°C OTC and 70°C OTD thresholds with separate recovery hysteresis to prevent thermal cycling. Use Value: Enables safe fast-charging at ambient temperatures up to 45°C while blocking discharge above 70°C to protect electrolyte integrity. |
| Energy Storage Systems | Start-Stop Automotive Batteries |
|
Use Scenario: Residential lithium battery banks interfacing with solar inverters and grid-tie controllers under variable load profiles. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Stackable protector managing 16-series configurations via daisy-chained BQ7790522PWR devices with synchronized fault propagation. Use Value: Reduces BOM cost by 40% vs. microcontroller-based solutions while maintaining ±10 mV voltage accuracy across 20 cells. |
Use Scenario: 12-V stop-start battery replacements using Li-ion instead of lead-acid, requiring ultra-low quiescent current and cold-cranking resilience. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-power protector operating at 6 µA NORMAL current and 0.5 µA SHUTDOWN current to minimize parasitic drain during vehicle idle. Use Value: Extends shelf life to >18 months and supports –20°C UTD cutoff to prevent lithium plating during winter cranking. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar battery protection applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| BQ7790521PWR | Lower overvoltage threshold (3.70 V) and reduced OCD2 delay (20 ms); same 5-cell configuration and TSSOP-20 package | Better suited for LFP chemistries requiring tighter voltage windows; less margin for Li-ion overvoltage tolerance | Select BQ7790521PWR only when 3.7 V OV threshold aligns with cell chemistry and safety margins |
| BQ7790512PWR | Higher undervoltage threshold (2.80 V) with 400 mV hysteresis; identical OCD2/OTD/OTC settings and pinout | Improved deep-discharge prevention in high-self-discharge cells; longer UV recovery time due to larger hysteresis | Prefer BQ7790512PWR for applications where post-fault reconnection stability outweighs faster UV recovery |
Compared with BQ7790522PWR, BQ7790521PWR trades overvoltage margin for LFP compatibility, while BQ7790512PWR enhances undervoltage hysteresis for stable recovery - both retain identical stacking, thermal, and current-sense architecture but require validation of threshold alignment with cell voltage profiles.
Availability
BQ7790522PWR is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for power tools, light electric vehicles, and energy storage systems requiring stable component supply, long-lifecycle assurance, and automotive-grade reliability.
Supply support for BQ7790522PWR includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies with over 50 years of innovation in battery management systems.
The BQ77905 series belongs to TI's standalone battery protector product line, designed specifically for cost-sensitive, high-reliability lithium-ion packs where MCU-free operation, ultra-low power, and scalable cell-count support are mandatory.
FAQ
What is the factory-programmed overvoltage threshold for BQ7790522PWR?
The BQ7790522PWR has a factory-programmed overvoltage threshold of 4.25 V ±10 mV at 25°C, with 100 mV hysteresis. This setting is laser-trimmed during manufacturing and cannot be modified in-circuit. The threshold remains stable across –40°C to +85°C with ±40 mV total error, making it suitable for 4.2 V nominal Li-ion cells requiring tight voltage guardbands.
How does BQ7790522PWR support 5-cell battery stacks without external configuration?
The BQ7790522PWR detects 5-cell configuration automatically via its CCFG pin, which senses an internal bias condition indicating five series-connected cells. No external resistors or jumpers are needed - the device configures its VC1–VC5 input range, protection thresholds, and timing parameters accordingly upon power-up.
Can BQ7790522PWR be used in a stacked configuration with other BQ77905 variants?
Yes, BQ7790522PWR supports daisy-chained stacking with any BQ77905 variant (e.g., BQ7790521PWR or BQ7790512PWR) using CHGU, CTRC, and CTRD pins. However, mixed-variant stacks require matching overtemperature and undervoltage thresholds to ensure consistent fault propagation - TI recommends using identical part numbers per stack for production designs.
What is the purpose of the LD pin on BQ7790522PWR?
The LD (Load Detection) pin on BQ7790522PWR monitors the PACK– node to detect physical load removal after a protection event. When voltage at LD rises above 1.3 V, the device initiates automatic recovery - re-enabling CHG/DSG FETs after configured delays. This eliminates need for external reset circuitry in consumer battery packs.
Does BQ7790522PWR include functional safety documentation?
Yes, BQ7790522PWR is functional safety-capable with documentation including FIT rate calculation, failure mode effects analysis (FMEA), and diagnostic coverage metrics. These materials assist system designers in meeting ISO 26262 ASIL-B requirements for automotive and industrial battery applications - available through TI's functional safety portal upon request.
BQ7790522PWR Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Battery Protection
- Battery Chemistry:
- Lithium Ion
- Number of Cells:
- 3 ~ 5
- Fault Protection:
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Over/Under Voltage, Short Circuit
- Interface:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 20-TSSOP
BQ7790522PWR FAQ
1.How can I place an order for BQ7790522PWR through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for BQ7790522PWR on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for BQ7790522PWR reliable?
The price and inventory of BQ7790522PWR are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for BQ7790522PWR is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for BQ7790522PWR?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for BQ7790522PWR transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for BQ7790522PWR?
BQ7790522PWR orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your BQ7790522PWR order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for BQ7790522PWR?
For technical support, including BQ7790522PWR datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your BQ7790522PWR requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that BQ7790522PWR is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All BQ7790522PWR products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that BQ7790522PWR meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of BQ7790522PWR?
All BQ7790522PWR units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with BQ7790522PWR, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The BQ7790522PWR part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for BQ7790522PWR:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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