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Texas Instruments BQ78PL114RGZT
- Part No.:
- BQ78PL114RGZT
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 48-VFQFN Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
BQ78PL114RGZT.pdf
- Description:
- IC BATT MON LI-ION 3-8CEL 48VQFN
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,062
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Product details
Overview
BQ78PL114RGZT from Texas Instruments is a PowerLAN™ master gateway battery management controller for 3- to 8-series-cell Li-ion battery systems, featuring 18-bit delta-sigma coulomb counting, simultaneous cell voltage/current measurement, and PowerPump™ active cell balancing with <250 µA active current consumption. It implements first- and second-level safety protection, SMBus 2.0/Smart Battery System 1.1 compliance, and supports up to four external temperature sensors.
For engineers reviewing the BQ78PL114RGZT datasheet, BQ78PL114RGZT pinout, BQ78PL114RGZT application, or BQ78PL114RGZT equivalent, this device serves as the central control unit in multicell battery packs requiring precise gas gauging, real-time impedance monitoring, fail-safe MOSFET control, and firmware-upgradable architecture (e.g., to BQ78PL114S12).
Technical Context
The BQ78PL114RGZT integrates a RISC CPU, multiple independent Δ-Σ ADCs (one per cell), dual coulomb counter inputs (CCBAT/CCPACK), and dedicated safety logic with two-tier fault detection. Its PowerPump balancing operates during charge, discharge, and rest modes using P1N/P1S–P4N/P4S gate drivers.
It communicates via SMBus 2.0 and proprietary PowerLAN™ links to bq76PL102 dual-cell monitors, enabling scalable 3–8 cell configurations. The device uses internal oscillators (OSCI/OSCO not connected), dual LDOs (VLDO1/VLDO2), and supports external MOSFET control via EFCIC/EFCID inputs with programmable polarity.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Cell Count Support | 3–8 series Li-ion cells; requires external bq76PL102 monitors for >4 cells |
| Active Current | <250 µA - enables long-term operation in battery-powered medical or mobility devices |
| Voltage Measurement | 2.5–4.5 V range, ±5 mV accuracy at 25°C - ensures reliable over/undervoltage protection |
| Coulomb Counter | 18-bit integrating delta-sigma ADC, 18 µV resolution - delivers high-precision state-of-charge tracking |
| Temperature Sensing | Internal sensor ±1°C accuracy; supports up to 4 external diode sensors - enables cell-by-cell thermal compensation |
| Safety Outputs | DSG/CHG/PRE active-high MOSFET controls + SPROT fuse driver - provides layered hardware protection |
| Communication | SMBus 2.0 compliant, Smart Battery System 1.1 - interoperates with standard smart chargers and host systems |
Pinout & Package
Package: QFN-48, 7-mm × 7-mm, exposed thermal pad (connected to VSS). Pin count: 48 terminals including power, analog inputs, digital I/O, and dedicated balancing drivers.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| V1–V4 | Cell voltage inputs | Accept positive terminals of up to 4 cells; used with VSS reference for differential cell monitoring |
| P1N–P4S | Charge-balance gate drives | Drive external N-channel MOSFETs for PowerPump balancing across 4 cells |
| CHG / DSG / PRE | MOSFET control outputs | Active-high signals controlling charge/discharge/precharge FETs in pack protection circuitry |
| CCBAT / CCPACK | Coulomb counter analog inputs | Dedicated sense-resistor inputs for battery- and pack-level current measurement |
| SMBCLK / SMBDAT | SMBus interface | Two-wire bidirectional bus for SBS-compliant communication with host or charger |
| SPROT | Secondary protection output | Active-high signal to trigger chemical fuse for irreversible pack shutdown on critical faults |
| XT1–XT4 | External temperature sensor inputs | Accept diode-based sensors for individual cell or MOSFET thermal monitoring |
| VLDO1 / VLDO2 | Internal LDO outputs | 2.5 V regulated supplies (20 mA max) for biasing external circuitry or sensors |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| PowerPump™ Cell Balancing | Transfers charge between cells during all operating modes (charge/discharge/rest) with near-zero energy loss, extending runtime and cycle life |
| Simultaneous Synchronized Measurement | Measures all cell voltages and pack current at once using one-per-cell ADCs - eliminates timing-induced noise and enables real-time impedance calculation |
| SmartSafety Dual-Level Protection | First-level: MOSFET-based overvoltage/overcurrent/temperature cutoff; second-level: SPROT-triggered fuse activation on precursor events (e.g., rapid impedance rise, cell disconnect) |
| Firmware-Upgradeable Architecture | Supports field upgrade to BQ78PL114S12 firmware for 12-cell support, LCD/EPD display driving, and expanded balancing modes |
| Configurable Gas Gauging | User-programmable flash tables adapt voltage/current/temperature thresholds and chemistry models - no firmware development required |
Applications
| Medical Battery Packs | Mobility Device Batteries |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Rechargeable battery packs for portable ultrasound, infusion pumps, and defibrillators requiring FDA-grade safety logging and zero-volt charging capability. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Central BMS controller managing cell balancing, coulomb counting, and dual-tier safety shutdowns per IEC 62304. Use Value: Enables accurate SOC reporting without full calibration cycles and meets stringent fault-detection latency requirements for life-critical equipment. |
Use Scenario: High-capacity battery systems in e-bikes and scooters where cell imbalance directly impacts range and thermal runaway risk. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Master gateway coordinating up to eight bq76PL102 monitors, executing real-time PowerPump balancing during dynamic load transitions. Use Value: Maintains voltage uniformity across series strings under variable current profiles, increasing usable capacity by up to 8% over passive balancing. |
| Uninterruptible Power Tools | Industrial Portable Test Equipment |
Use Scenario: Cordless power tool packs subject to high pulse currents (>30 A), mechanical shock, and wide ambient temperature swings (–20°C to 60°C). IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Real-time coulomb counter and rate-of-change detector for voltage, temperature, and impedance - triggers pre-emptive thermal derating before MOSFET failure. Use Value: Prevents field failures caused by weld strap fatigue or cell delamination through early impedance anomaly detection. |
Use Scenario: Handheld multimeters, oscilloscopes, and spectrum analyzers needing stable runtime estimation and low-power ship mode (<40 µA). IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: SMBus-compliant gas gauge providing calibrated SOC/SOH data to host MCU while maintaining <1 µA undervoltage shutdown current. Use Value: Eliminates manual battery replacement scheduling and supports predictive maintenance via lifetime logging accessible over SMBus. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar battery management controller applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| BQ78PL114S12RGZT | Firmware-upgraded variant supporting 3–12 cells, LCD/EPD segment driving (LED1/SEG1–LED5/SEG5), and enhanced PowerPump modes | Required for >8-cell packs or displays; pinout differs on LEDEN/PSH/BP/TP/FIELD pins vs. BQ78PL114RGZT | Select BQ78PL114S12RGZT only if 12-cell scalability or embedded display control is needed; otherwise BQ78PL114RGZT offers lower system complexity |
| BQ76PL102RGZT | Dual-cell monitor IC with integrated PowerPump balancing; lacks SMBus, coulomb counter, and master control logic | Used as slave node alongside BQ78PL114RGZT in >4-cell systems; cannot operate standalone as master gateway | BQ76PL102RGZT complements but does not replace BQ78PL114RGZT - it extends cell count capability when paired in PowerLAN topology |
Compared with BQ78PL114S12RGZT, the BQ78PL114RGZT provides optimized cost and layout simplicity for fixed 3–8 cell designs without display integration; versus BQ76PL102RGZT, it delivers full-system intelligence including SMBus communication, gas gauging, and hierarchical safety - making it the sole master controller in PowerLAN architectures.
Availability
BQ78PL114RGZT is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for medical battery packs, e-bike power systems, industrial test equipment, and uninterruptible power tools requiring stable component supply, long-lifecycle support, and automotive-grade reliability validation.
Supply support for BQ78PL114RGZT includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies, with decades of expertise in battery management systems and industrial-grade reliability.
The BQ78PL114RGZT belongs to TI's PowerLAN™ BMS product line, designed specifically for scalable, high-accuracy multicell Li-ion battery control in safety-critical portable and mobility applications.
FAQ
What is the maximum number of series cells supported by the BQ78PL114RGZT?
The BQ78PL114RGZT natively supports 3- to 8-series-cell Li-ion battery configurations. For systems exceeding four series cells, external bq76PL102 dual-cell monitors must be added via the PowerLAN interface. The BQ78PL114RGZT acts as the master gateway, synchronizing measurements and coordinating balancing across all nodes in the chain.
Does the BQ78PL114RGZT include an integrated coulomb counter, and what is its resolution?
Yes, the BQ78PL114RGZT features a high-resolution 18-bit integrating delta-sigma coulomb counter with 18 µV resolution. It has two independent inputs - CCBAT for battery-side current sensing and CCPACK for pack-side current sensing - enabling precise state-of-charge calculation and charge-through monitoring without requiring external metrology components.
How does PowerPump balancing work in the BQ78PL114RGZT, and what are its key advantages?
PowerPump balancing in the BQ78PL114RGZT transfers charge directly between adjacent cells using external MOSFETs driven by P1N/P1S–P4N/P4S pins. Unlike passive resistive balancing, it operates during charge, discharge, and rest modes with minimal energy loss. This preserves capacity, extends runtime, and improves cycle life by actively correcting imbalance before it degrades pack performance.
Is the BQ78PL114RGZT compatible with Smart Battery System (SBS) standards?
Yes, the BQ78PL114RGZT is fully compliant with Smart Battery System Specification 1.1 and SMBus 2.0. It reports standardized parameters including remaining capacity, full charge capacity, voltage, temperature, and safety status over the SMBus interface, enabling seamless integration with SBS-compliant smart chargers and host systems without custom protocol development.
What safety protection features does the BQ78PL114RGZT provide, and how are they implemented?
The BQ78PL114RGZT implements dual-level safety: first-level uses CHG/DSG/PRE outputs to control MOSFETs for overvoltage, overcurrent, and thermal cutoffs; second-level activates the SPROT pin to blow an external fuse upon detecting precursor faults like rapid impedance rise, cell disconnect, or safety threshold violations. Both layers operate independently with hardware-enforced response times.
BQ78PL114RGZT Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- PowerLAN™, PowerPump™
- Package/Case:
- 48-VFQFN Exposed Pad
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Battery Monitor
- Battery Chemistry:
- Lithium Ion
- Number of Cells:
- 3 ~ 8
- Fault Protection:
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Over/Under Voltage, Short Circuit
- Interface:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 48-VQFN (7x7)
BQ78PL114RGZT FAQ
1.How can I place an order for BQ78PL114RGZT through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for BQ78PL114RGZT on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for BQ78PL114RGZT reliable?
The price and inventory of BQ78PL114RGZT are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for BQ78PL114RGZT is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for BQ78PL114RGZT?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for BQ78PL114RGZT transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for BQ78PL114RGZT?
BQ78PL114RGZT orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your BQ78PL114RGZT order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for BQ78PL114RGZT?
For technical support, including BQ78PL114RGZT datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your BQ78PL114RGZT requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that BQ78PL114RGZT is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All BQ78PL114RGZT products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that BQ78PL114RGZT meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of BQ78PL114RGZT?
All BQ78PL114RGZT units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with BQ78PL114RGZT, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The BQ78PL114RGZT part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for BQ78PL114RGZT:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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