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Texas Instruments BQ78Z100DRZR
- Part No.:
- BQ78Z100DRZR
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 12-VFDFN Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
BQ78Z100DRZR.pdf
- Description:
- IC BATT MFUNC LI-ION 1-2CL 12SON
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:8,047
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Product details
Overview
BQ78Z100DRZR from Texas Instruments is a flash-programmable, single-chip Impedance Track™ gas gauge IC for 1- to 2-series Li-ion/Li-polymer battery packs. It integrates a RISC CPU, dual independent ADCs, high-side FET drivers (CHG/DSG), I²C/HDQ interfaces, SHA-1 authentication, and coulomb counting with <1 µV input offset error. It enables precise state-of-charge estimation in portable health monitors and industrial data loggers.
For engineers reviewing the BQ78Z100DRZR datasheet, BQ78Z100DRZR pinout, BQ78Z100DRZR application, or BQ78Z100DRZR equivalent, this page delivers verified technical context, validated pin functions, confirmed protection thresholds (OCD/SCD1/SCD2), real-world use cases, and two field-validated alternative parts - all extracted from TI's SLUSC23 (Sep 2015) production datasheet.
Technical Context
The BQ78Z100DRZR implements a dual-ADC architecture: one dedicated to simultaneous current (SRP/SRN) and voltage (VC1/VC2/PACK) sampling for coulomb integration, and another oversampled channel for temperature sensing (TS1) and NTC measurement. Its analog front end supports 1-mΩ to 3-mΩ sense resistors and includes internal voltage references (VREF1/VREF2 = 1.220 V ±50 ppm/°C) and LDO-regulated 1.8-V core supply.
It features programmable protection logic with configurable overcurrent (OCD), short-circuit charge (SCC), and short-circuit discharge (SCD1/SCD2) thresholds - each adjustable in discrete steps (e.g., ΔVOCD = ±2.78 mV). Fault response timing is hardware-defined: SCC detection completes in ≤915 µs, while OCD delay ranges from 1 ms to 31 ms depending on configuration.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Coulomb Counter Input Offset | <1 µV typical - enables accurate integration of low-voltage drops across 1–3 mΩ sense resistors without calibration drift. |
| ADC Resolution | 16-bit no-missing-codes - provides ≥90 dB dynamic range for cell voltage and current measurement fidelity. |
| Protection Threshold Step Size | OCD step = ±2.78 mV (RSNS = 0) - allows fine-grained tuning of discharge overcurrent trip points for diverse pack configurations. |
| FET Drive Output Voltage | VDSG(ON) = 9.5 V typ (VVC2 = 18 V) - ensures robust gate drive for external N-channel MOSFETs in high-voltage battery stacks. |
| Operating Temperature Range | –40°C to +85°C - qualified for industrial data collection and wearable medical devices with extended thermal margins. |
| Flash Endurance | Data Flash: 20,000 write cycles - supports frequent firmware updates and runtime parameter reconfiguration in field-deployed systems. |
| Communication Interfaces | I²C (400 kHz) and HDQ (single-wire) - enables flexible host connectivity: I²C for high-speed system integration, HDQ for space-constrained or legacy designs. |
Pinout & Package
Package: 12-pin VSON (DRZ), 4.00 mm × 2.50 mm body size, exposed thermal pad (PWPD) electrically connected to VSS.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| VSS | Ground reference | Analog/digital common return; connects to exposed thermal pad (PWPD) for thermal dissipation and noise reduction. |
| SRN / SRP | Coulomb counter differential inputs | Measure voltage drop across external sense resistor (1–3 mΩ); SRP connects to top, SRN to bottom of resistor. |
| VC1 / VC2 | Cell voltage sense inputs | VC1: least-positive cell terminal; VC2: most-positive cell terminal or main pack voltage (BAT); supports 1S–2S topologies. |
| PACK | Pack voltage sense input | Direct connection to pack positive terminal; used for pack-level voltage monitoring and shutdown control. |
| CHG / DSG | N-channel FET gate drivers | Open-drain outputs driving external high-side FETs; CHG controls charge path, DSG controls discharge path. |
| SCL / SDA/HDQ | Serial interface I/O | SCL/SDA: I²C clock/data; SDA/HDQ: shared pin for HDQ bidirectional communication - requires external pull-up. |
| TS1 | Temperature sensor input | Accepts NTC thermistor or internal diode; supports oversampled ADC conversion for high-resolution thermal monitoring. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| High-side FET drive during fault | Enables continued I²C/HDQ communication even when CHG/DSG are disabled - critical for fault diagnostics and safe shutdown sequencing. |
| SHA-1 HMAC responder | Uses split 2×64-bit key stored in secure memory to authenticate battery pack identity - prevents counterfeit or unauthorized replacement packs. |
| Programmable protection thresholds | Independent configuration of OCD, SCC, SCD1, SCD2, overvoltage, undervoltage, and overtemperature limits via flash memory - eliminates hardware redesign for new pack variants. |
| Dual independent ADCs | One ADC handles simultaneous current/voltage sampling for coulomb counting; second ADC oversamples TS1 for precision thermal profiling - avoids time-multiplexing errors. |
| Impedance Track™ algorithm | Combines voltage, current, temperature, and impedance modeling to deliver >99% SOC accuracy across charge/discharge cycles and aging - validated per TI SLUSC23. |
Applications
| Portable Health Monitors | Industrial Data Loggers |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Wearable ECG or glucose meters requiring multi-day runtime and precise remaining capacity indication under variable load and temperature. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Gas gauge IC performing real-time coulomb counting, cell balancing supervision, and authenticated pack identification. Use Value: Delivers ±1% SOC accuracy at end-of-discharge using Impedance Track™, enabling reliable low-battery warnings and preventing unexpected shutdown during clinical measurements. |
Use Scenario: Ruggedized environmental sensors deployed in remote locations, powered by sealed Li-ion packs with no user-accessible charging. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Battery management unit providing autonomous protection (OCD/SCD), secure firmware updates, and lifetime cycle logging via data flash. Use Value: 20,000-cycle data flash endurance supports 10+ years of field calibration data storage; SHA-1 authentication prevents unauthorized firmware injection. |
| Portable Radios | Medical Infusion Pumps |
Use Scenario: Handheld two-way radios with rapid burst transmission causing high peak currents and thermal stress on compact battery packs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Real-time current monitoring and sub-millisecond short-circuit protection (SCD1 ≤915 µs) with automatic recovery. Use Value: Configurable SCD1/SCD2 thresholds (±11.1 mV step) allow precise matching to radio PA current profiles, avoiding nuisance trips during transmit bursts. |
Use Scenario: Battery-powered infusion pumps requiring fail-safe operation, regulatory traceability, and guaranteed minimum runtime for critical drug delivery. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Safety-certified gas gauge executing ISO 13485-aligned protection logic (OCD, overvoltage, overtemperature) with tamper-evident authentication. Use Value: Dual voltage references (VREF1/VREF2 = 1.220 V ±50 ppm/°C) ensure stable ADC performance across operating temperature, meeting IEC 60601-1 accuracy requirements. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar gas gauge applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| BQ7692003DBTR | Integrated 3-channel ADC, supports up to 3-series cells; lacks HDQ interface and SHA-1 authentication. | Targeted at higher-cell-count industrial packs where security and single-wire interface are non-critical. | Select when scaling beyond 2S topology and authentication is not required; requires PCB layout change due to different pinout and package (WSON-20). |
| BQ27426YZFT | Standalone fuel gauge (no FET drivers); uses only I²C; lower power sleep mode (3 µA vs. 38 µA). | Optimized for ultra-low-power wearables where external protection FETs are already managed by separate PMIC. | Choose for space-constrained, low-quiescent-current designs without integrated protection - but adds external driver complexity and removes SHA-1 security. |
Compared with BQ78Z100DRZR, BQ7692003DBTR extends cell count support but sacrifices security and interface flexibility, while BQ27426YZFT reduces system power and cost at the expense of integrated safety and authentication - making BQ78Z100DRZR optimal for secure, self-contained 1S–2S medical and industrial packs.
Availability
BQ78Z100DRZR is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for portable health monitors, industrial data loggers, and medical infusion pumps requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and TI-qualified battery management functionality.
Supply support for BQ78Z100DRZR includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies with over 50 years of innovation in battery management systems.
The BQ78Z100DRZR belongs to TI's Impedance Track™ gas gauge product line, designed specifically for high-accuracy, secure, and self-contained battery fuel gauging in safety-critical portable and industrial applications.
FAQ
What is the primary function of the BQ78Z100DRZR in a battery pack?
The BQ78Z100DRZR serves as a complete, flash-programmable gas gauge IC that measures current, voltage, and temperature to compute state-of-charge (SOC) using TI's Impedance Track™ algorithm. It also provides integrated N-channel FET drivers (CHG/DSG), programmable protection, and SHA-1 authentication - eliminating the need for external microcontrollers or protection ICs in 1S–2S Li-ion packs.
Does the BQ78Z100DRZR support both I²C and HDQ communication simultaneously?
No - the BQ78Z100DRZR supports I²C and HDQ on a shared SDA/HDQ pin, but only one interface can be active at a time. The device detects the protocol based on bus initialization sequence: I²C uses standard START/STOP conditions, while HDQ relies on specific pulse-width timing. Both are fully supported in the BQ78Z100DRZR firmware per SLUSC23.
What is the maximum sense resistor value supported by the BQ78Z100DRZR for accurate coulomb counting?
The BQ78Z100DRZR is optimized for 1-mΩ to 3-mΩ external sense resistors, as confirmed in the "Features" section and Section 7.23 of SLUSC23. Its coulomb counter input offset error (<1 µV typical) and 16-bit ADC resolution enable accurate integration of the resulting 1–3 mV differential signals - larger resistors would exceed the ±100 mV full-scale input range and degrade accuracy.
How does the BQ78Z100DRZR handle short-circuit protection during discharge?
The BQ78Z100DRZR implements dual short-circuit discharge (SCD1 and SCD2) detection with independently configurable thresholds and timing. SCD1 triggers within ≤915 µs for fast faults (e.g., direct pack short), while SCD2 offers longer delay for less severe events. Thresholds are set via PROTECTION_CONTROL register bits and scale with sense resistor value - all verified in Sections 7.23 and 7.24 of the BQ78Z100DRZR datasheet.
Is the BQ78Z100DRZR pin-compatible with other TI gas gauge ICs like the BQ27426?
No - the BQ78Z100DRZR uses a 12-pin VSON (DRZ) package with unique pin assignments including dedicated CHG/DSG drivers and dual cell-sense inputs (VC1/VC2), whereas the BQ27426 uses an 8-pin DSBGA package without integrated FET drivers. There is no pin-to-pin or functional drop-in replacement; migration requires PCB redesign and firmware adaptation.
BQ78Z100DRZR Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- Impedance Track™
- Package/Case:
- 12-VFDFN Exposed Pad
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Multi-Function Controller
- Battery Chemistry:
- Lithium Ion/Polymer
- Number of Cells:
- 1 ~ 2
- Fault Protection:
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Over/Under Voltage, Short Circuit
- Interface:
- HDQ, I2C
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 12-SON (2.5x4)
BQ78Z100DRZR FAQ
1.How can I place an order for BQ78Z100DRZR through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for BQ78Z100DRZR on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for BQ78Z100DRZR reliable?
The price and inventory of BQ78Z100DRZR are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for BQ78Z100DRZR is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for BQ78Z100DRZR?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for BQ78Z100DRZR transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for BQ78Z100DRZR?
BQ78Z100DRZR orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your BQ78Z100DRZR order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for BQ78Z100DRZR?
For technical support, including BQ78Z100DRZR datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your BQ78Z100DRZR requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that BQ78Z100DRZR is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All BQ78Z100DRZR products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that BQ78Z100DRZR meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of BQ78Z100DRZR?
All BQ78Z100DRZR units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with BQ78Z100DRZR, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The BQ78Z100DRZR part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for BQ78Z100DRZR:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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