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Texas Instruments INA231BIYFDT
- Part No.:
- INA231BIYFDT
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Current Regulation/Management
- Package:
- 12-XFBGA, DSBGA
- Datasheet:
-
INA231BIYFDT.pdf
- Description:
- IC CURRENT MONITOR 0.5% 12DSBGA
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,021
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Product details
Overview
INA231BIYFDT from Texas Instruments is a 16-bit I²C current, voltage, and power monitor IC for high- or low-side shunt sensing in 0 V to 28 V bus systems. It delivers ±50 µV shunt offset, 0.5% gain error, 1.8-V I²C compliance, and operates from 2.7 V to 5.5 V supply - enabling precise real-time power telemetry in space-constrained mobile and server power rails.
For engineers reviewing the INA231BIYFDT datasheet, INA231BIYFDT pinout, INA231BIYFDT application, or INA231BIYFDT equivalent, key selection considerations include its DSBGA-12 (YFD) package, startup-in-power-down mode (B variant), programmable alert thresholds, configurable averaging, and direct current/power readouts in amperes and watts without host-side computation.
Technical Context
The INA231BIYFDT integrates dual 16-bit ΔΣ ADCs - one for differential shunt voltage (IN+, IN–) and one for single-ended bus voltage (BUS) - with an internal multiplier and calibration register to compute current (A) and power (W) in real time. Its architecture supports continuous or triggered conversion modes and features a dedicated open-drain ALERT pin for over/under-limit detection on shunt voltage, bus voltage, or power.
As the B-version variant, INA231BIYFDT powers up in low-current power-down mode (3–7 µA), requiring explicit configuration to enter active measurement. It supports 16 I²C addresses via A0/A1 pins, complies with 1.8-V logic levels, and maintains full functionality across –40°C to +125°C ambient temperature.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Bus voltage range | 0 V to 28 V - enables monitoring of 12 V, 19 V, and 24 V power rails without level-shifting. |
| Shunt offset voltage | ±50 µV max - ensures sub-milliohm shunt accuracy at low load currents (e.g., <100 mA). |
| Gain error | 0.5% max - guarantees consistent current scaling across temperature and supply voltage variation. |
| I²C interface | 1.8-V compliant, up to 2.5 MHz (high-speed mode) - interoperable with modern low-voltage microcontrollers and SoCs. |
| Supply voltage | 2.7 V to 5.5 V - allows direct connection to 3.3 V or 5 V system rails without LDO. |
| Quiescent current | 330 µA typical active / 3–7 µA power-down - extends battery life in always-on monitoring applications. |
| Operating temperature | –40°C to +125°C - qualified for automotive cabin, server PSU, and industrial edge computing environments. |
Pinout & Package
INA231BIYFDT uses a 12-pin DSBGA (YFD) package measuring 1.65 mm × 1.39 mm × 0.40 mm - optimized for ultra-thin portable electronics and high-density server DIMMs.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| A0, A1 | Address input | Set I²C slave address (16 options); connect to GND, SCL, SDA, or VS per Table 8-2. |
| ALERT | Open-drain output | Asserts on programmed shunt/bus/power limit violation or conversion-ready signal; requires external pull-up. |
| GND | Analog ground | Reference for shunt voltage measurement and internal ADC; must be connected to system power ground plane. |
| SCL, SDA | I²C bus interface | 1.8-V tolerant inputs/outputs; support standard/fast/high-speed modes; require external pull-ups. |
| BUS | Bus voltage input | Single-ended analog input for 0–28 V rail monitoring; 830 kΩ input impedance minimizes loading. |
| IN+, IN– | Differential shunt input | Measure voltage drop across external shunt resistor; ±81.92 mV full-scale range supports 100 µΩ–10 mΩ shunts. |
| VS | Power supply | 2.7–5.5 V supply input; powers internal circuitry and I/O buffers; decoupling capacitor required. |
| NC (B2, C2) | No-connect terminal | Internally tied to VS and GND respectively; must remain floating - no PCB trace or solder connection. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Direct current/power readouts | Internal multiplier and calibration register enable host MCU to read current in amperes and power in watts directly from I²C registers - eliminating firmware math overhead. |
| Programmable averaging | Configurable 1× to 1024× oversampling reduces noise in noisy power-rail environments without external filtering components. |
| Startup power-down mode | INA231BIYFDT defaults to 3–7 µA sleep state - critical for battery-backed systems where initial power-on current must be minimized. |
| Multi-function ALERT pin | Single open-drain output supports five alert types (shunt/bus over/under, power over) plus conversion-ready flag - simplifies interrupt-driven monitoring with minimal GPIO usage. |
| High CMR performance | 100–120 dB common-mode rejection across 0–28 V bus range - maintains accuracy during fast transients and ground bounce in high-current paths. |
Applications
| Smartphone Power Rail Monitoring | Server VRM Telemetry |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Real-time tracking of CPU/GPU core rail current and voltage during dynamic DVFS transitions in thin-profile smartphones. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-side shunt monitor providing 16-bit current/voltage samples every 1.1–9.1 ms (configurable), synchronized to SoC I²C clock. Use Value: Enables closed-loop thermal throttling and battery fuel-gauge correction using accurate, low-latency power data - no host-side ADC or calibration math required. |
Use Scenario: Continuous monitoring of 12 V input and 1.8 V/0.8 V output rails in multi-phase server VRMs for fault detection and efficiency optimization. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-side shunt monitor interfacing with BMC via 1.8-V I²C; alerts on overcurrent (>120 A) or bus undervoltage (<11.4 V) within 154 µs conversion time. Use Value: Reduces need for discrete sense resistors and op-amp signal chains - cuts BOM cost and layout area while improving measurement consistency across 100+ VRM channels. |
| Laptop Battery Charger Management | Industrial PLC Power Supervision |
|
Use Scenario: Bidirectional current and power measurement in USB-C PD 3.0 chargers to enforce source/sink compliance and prevent overtemperature shutdown. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Dual-role monitor on both input (20 V) and output (5–20 V) rails; uses programmable alert thresholds to trigger charger controller interrupts on POL/SOL events. Use Value: Achieves ±0.5% end-to-end power accuracy across 0–100 W range - meets USB-IF PD 3.0 power reporting requirements without external calibration. |
Use Scenario: Monitoring 24 V DC control rail current in DIN-rail mounted PLCs to detect short-circuit faults before fuse blow and log event timing. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-side shunt monitor with 40 µs wake-from-power-down latency; asserts ALERT on shunt overvoltage >80 mV (indicating >80 A fault). Use Value: Provides deterministic 154 µs response time from fault onset to interrupt - faster than legacy analog comparators and immune to EMI-induced false triggers. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar current/voltage/power monitoring applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| INA226AIRSAT | Bidirectional sensing, 16-bit resolution, 260 µA quiescent current, 0–36 V bus range, no power-down startup default. | Supports reverse current flow (e.g., battery discharge); wider bus range suits 32 V industrial supplies. | Select when bidirectional measurement or >28 V bus voltage is required; not drop-in due to different pinout and default startup behavior. |
| INA219AIDR | 16-bit resolution, 1.8-V I²C, 100 µA quiescent current, but only 0–26 V bus range and fixed 128× averaging. | Optimized for low-power IoT nodes; lacks programmable alert functions and has lower bus voltage headroom. | Choose for cost-sensitive, battery-operated endpoints where 26 V bus ceiling and simpler alert scheme suffice. |
Compared with INA231BIYFDT, INA226AIRSAT adds bidirectional capability and higher bus voltage tolerance but requires revalidation of PCB layout and firmware initialization sequence; INA219AIDR offers lower quiescent current but sacrifices alert flexibility and bus voltage margin - making INA231BIYFDT optimal for high-accuracy, alert-driven 28 V rail supervision with minimal footprint.
Availability
INA231BIYFDT is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for smartphone power management, server VRM telemetry, and industrial PLC power supervision requiring stable component supply and long-term lifecycle assurance.
Supply support for INA231BIYFDT includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies - with decades of expertise in precision current-sense amplifiers and power-monitoring solutions.
The INA231 product line was designed specifically for high-accuracy, I²C-based power telemetry in space-constrained, thermally demanding applications such as mobile devices, servers, and industrial controls - emphasizing low-offset performance, flexible alerting, and minimal host processing burden.
FAQ
What is the default power-up behavior of the INA231BIYFDT?
The INA231BIYFDT is the B-version variant and powers up in low-current power-down mode (3–7 µA), unlike the A-version which starts continuous conversion. To begin measurements, the Configuration register must be written to select an active mode (e.g., continuous or triggered). This behavior reduces inrush current and extends battery life in always-on systems where monitoring is initiated only on demand.
Does the INA231BIYFDT support bidirectional current sensing?
No, the INA231BIYFDT supports unidirectional current sensing only - it measures current flowing from IN+ to IN– (i.e., conventional current direction). The device does not provide negative shunt voltage interpretation or reverse-current reporting. For bidirectional applications, consider the INA226AIRSAT, which explicitly supports both charge and discharge current measurement.
How is the current value calculated internally by the INA231BIYFDT?
The INA231BIYFDT calculates current in amperes using the formula: Current = (Shunt Voltage Register × Calibration Register) / 216. The shunt voltage is measured differentially across IN+ and IN–, then converted to a 16-bit digital value. The user-programmed Calibration register defines the shunt resistance and LSB scaling - enabling direct current readouts without host-side arithmetic. If Calibration is unprogrammed, current and power registers return zero.
Can the ALERT pin of the INA231BIYFDT monitor multiple conditions simultaneously?
No - the ALERT pin of the INA231BIYFDT can monitor only one condition at a time: either a single alert function (SOL, SUL, BOL, BUL, or POL) or the conversion-ready flag (CVRF). When multiple alert bits are enabled in the Mask/Enable register, priority is determined by bit significance (e.g., SOL > SUL), and only the highest-priority active condition triggers the pin. Simultaneous multi-condition detection requires external logic or sequential polling.
What is the maximum bus voltage the INA231BIYFDT can safely measure?
The INA231BIYFDT is rated for a maximum bus voltage of 28 V applied to the BUS pin. Although its internal ADC scaling supports up to 40.96 V full-scale, the absolute maximum rating for the BUS pin is 28 V - exceeding this risks permanent damage. This 28 V limit applies regardless of supply voltage (VS) and is validated across the full –40°C to +125°C operating temperature range.
INA231BIYFDT Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 12-XFBGA, DSBGA
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Current Monitor
- Sensing Method:
- High/Low-Side
- Accuracy:
- ±0.5%
- Voltage - Input:
- 0V ~ 28V
- Current - Output:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 12-DSBGA (1.65x1.39)
INA231BIYFDT FAQ
1.How can I place an order for INA231BIYFDT through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for INA231BIYFDT on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for INA231BIYFDT reliable?
The price and inventory of INA231BIYFDT are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for INA231BIYFDT is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for INA231BIYFDT?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for INA231BIYFDT transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for INA231BIYFDT?
INA231BIYFDT orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your INA231BIYFDT order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for INA231BIYFDT?
For technical support, including INA231BIYFDT datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your INA231BIYFDT requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that INA231BIYFDT is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All INA231BIYFDT products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that INA231BIYFDT meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of INA231BIYFDT?
All INA231BIYFDT units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with INA231BIYFDT, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The INA231BIYFDT part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for INA231BIYFDT:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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