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Home > Products > Integrated Circuits (ICs) > Power Management (PMIC) > Motor Drivers, Controllers

STMicroelectronics L6228PD

Name: L6228PD
Brand: STMicroelectronics
SKU: L6228PD
Price: 2.40 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (2 reviews)

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Part No.:: L6228PD

Manufacturer:: STMicroelectronics

Category:: Motor Drivers, Controllers

Package:: 36-PowerBSSOP (0.433", 11.00mm Width)

Datasheet:: L6228PD.pdf

Description:: IC MTR DRV BIPOLAR 8-52V 36PWRSO

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Product details

Overview

L6228PD from STMicroelectronics is a DMOS dual full-bridge stepper motor driver IC designed for bipolar stepper motors, featuring non-dissipative overcurrent protection, dual independent constant t_OFF PWM current controllers, and integrated fast freewheeling diodes. It operates from 8–52 V supply, delivers 2.8 A peak (1.4 A RMS) output current per bridge, and supports up to 100 kHz switching frequency - enabling precise microstepping control in industrial motion systems.

For engineers reviewing the L6228PD datasheet, L6228PD pinout, L6228PD application, or L6228PD equivalent, this device is selected for high-voltage bipolar stepper drive where thermal robustness, decay mode flexibility (fast/slow), and on-chip current regulation with external RC timing are critical design requirements.

Technical Context

The L6228PD integrates two independent DMOS full bridges with R_DS(ON) = 0.73 Ω (typ, T_j = 25 °C), each driven by a dedicated constant-off-time PWM current controller using external RC networks (RCA/RCB) to set t_OFF. Its phase sequence generator supports full-step (two-phase-on and one-phase-on) and half-step modes via dedicated logic inputs (HALF/FULL, CW/CCW, CLOCK).

It employs bootstrap gate driving (VBOOT, VCP oscillator at 600 kHz typ) for N-channel high-side MOSFETs, includes 1 µs internal deadtime for cross-conduction prevention, and implements non-dissipative overcurrent detection tied to EN pin - triggering shutdown without external sensing resistors dissipating power during fault events.

Key Specifications

Parameter	Value and Actual Design Meaning
Supply voltage range	8–52 V - supports wide industrial DC bus voltages including 24 V and 48 V systems without external regulators.
Peak output current	2.8 A per bridge - enables direct drive of medium-torque bipolar stepper motors (e.g., NEMA 17/23) without external current amplification.
R_DS(ON) (HS + LS)	1.47 Ω typ (T_j = 25 °C) - defines conduction loss and thermal dissipation under load; increases to 2.35 Ω at 125 °C.
Switching frequency	Up to 100 kHz - allows high-resolution current chopping and reduced audible noise in stepper applications.
t_OFF programmability	6.6 µs to 6 ms via external ROFF (20–100 kΩ) and COFF (0.47–100 nF) - sets PWM blanking and decay duration for optimal torque/speed trade-offs.
Thermal shutdown threshold	165 °C - protects against sustained overload or inadequate heatsinking; auto-recovery after junction cooldown.
Logic compatibility	TTL/CMOS inputs (V_IL ≤ 0.8 V, V_IH ≥ 2 V) - interfaces directly with microcontrollers and FPGA I/O without level-shifting.

Pinout & Package

Available in PowerSO-36 package (slug-connected GND pins 1, 18, 19, 36) with exposed thermal pad for PCB heat dissipation. Pinout validated per STMicroelectronics DocID9454 Rev 3 (pages 6–8).

Pin/Terminal	Circuit Role	Design Meaning
CLOCK (Pin 10 / 11)	Step clock input	Rising-edge-triggered state machine advance - determines step rate; minimum pulse width 1 µs.
CW/CCW (Pin 2 / 11)	Direction control	HIGH = clockwise rotation; LOW = counterclockwise; must be tied to GND or V_CC if unused.
HALF/FULL (Pin 12 / 27)	Step mode select	HIGH = half-step (8 states); LOW = full-step (4 states); enables resolution flexibility without external sequencer.
CONTROL (Pin 13 / 28)	Decay mode select	HIGH = slow decay (recirculation through both low-side FETs); LOW = fast decay (quasi-synchronous rectification).
EN (Pin 14 / 29)	Enable / fault output	LOW disables both bridges; also outputs open-drain overcurrent/thermal fault signal - requires 2.2–180 kΩ pull-up.
VSA / VSB (Pins 20 / 17 / 32 / 33)	Bridge A/B power supply	Must be connected together to main supply rail; decoupling recommended near pins.
OUT1A/OUT2A/OUT1B/OUT2B (Pins 5/21/8/16)	H-bridge outputs	Drive motor phases A and B; rated for 52 V differential voltage and 3.55 A pulsed current.
SENSEA / SENSEB (Pins 3 / 10)	Current sense return	Connected to ground via external shunt resistor (e.g., 0.1 Ω); blanked for 1 µs post-turn-on to ignore diode reverse recovery spikes.
VREFA / VREFB (Pins 24 / 11)	PWM reference voltage	Analog inputs setting current limit (0–5 V); 0.5 V → ~1.4 A RMS; offset ±5 mV affects accuracy.
RCA / RCB (Pins 4 / 9)	RC timing network	External R-C sets t_OFF; e.g., 20 kΩ + 1 nF → ~13 µs t_OFF - directly controls chopper frequency and torque ripple.

Key Features

Feature	Design Value
Dual independent constant t_OFF PWM controllers	Enables asymmetric current regulation per phase - critical for torque balancing in unbalanced motor windings or varying load inertia.
Non-dissipative overcurrent protection	Detects overcurrent via internal sensing and shuts down bridges without external shunt power loss - improves system efficiency and reliability.
Fast/slow decay mode selection	Allows real-time optimization: fast decay for high-speed operation (reduces current buildup time), slow decay for higher low-speed torque.
Integrated charge pump (VCP oscillator)	Generates 600 kHz, 10 V square wave to drive high-side N-MOSFETs - eliminates need for external bootstrap capacitors or isolated supplies.
On-chip phase sequence generator	Reduces MCU firmware complexity by handling full/half-step sequencing internally - only CLOCK, CW/CCW, and HALF/FULL signals required.
Cross-conduction protection with 1 µs deadtime	Prevents shoot-through during bridge commutation - ensures safe switching even with layout-induced gate drive skew.

Applications

CNC Motion Control

Industrial Printers & Plotters

Use Scenario: Precision X-Y axis positioning in desktop CNC mills and laser cutters with 12–48 V DC bus.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Dual H-bridge driver executing half-step sequences at ≤100 kHz; regulates phase current via VREF and RCA/RCB timing.

Use Value: Eliminates need for external current sense amps and discrete gate drivers - reduces BOM count and PCB area while maintaining 1.4 A RMS torque stability.

Use Scenario: Paper feed and printhead carriage actuation in high-duty-cycle label printers and wide-format plotters.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Full-step two-phase-on driver synchronized to microcontroller STEP pulses; uses fast decay mode for rapid direction reversal.

Use Value: Integrated freewheeling diodes and non-dissipative OCP prevent thermal runaway during frequent start/stop cycles - extends motor and driver lifetime.

Medical Infusion Pumps

Automated Test Equipment (ATE)

Use Scenario: Syringe advancement in battery-powered portable infusion pumps requiring silent, low-ripple motor operation.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Half-step driver with slow decay mode and 20 kΩ/1 nF t_OFF tuning to minimize current ripple and audible noise.

Use Value: 1 µs blanking time suppresses false OCP triggers from diode recovery spikes - ensures uninterrupted delivery accuracy under variable load.

Use Scenario: Actuator positioning in modular ATE handlers performing wafer probing and board-level functional tests.

IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-voltage (48 V) stepper driver interfacing with FPGA GPIO; EN pin used for coordinated system-level fault shutdown.

Use Value: Thermal shutdown (165 °C) and undervoltage lockout (5.5 V) provide fail-safe behavior during extended thermal stress or power brownouts.

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar bipolar stepper motor driver applications.

Alternative Part	Technical Difference	Application Difference	Selection Advice
TB6600HG	Higher peak current (4.5 A), but no integrated charge pump - requires external bootstrap circuitry and separate current sense amplifiers.	Preferred for high-torque (>2.5 A) applications where board space allows added components; lacks half-step internal sequencing.	Select when absolute peak current >2.8 A is mandatory and system-level thermal management is robust.
DRV8825	Lower voltage range (8.2–45 V), microstepping up to 1/32, but only 2.2 A RMS and no non-dissipative OCP - relies on external shunt-based protection.	Better suited for low-noise, high-resolution microstepping in consumer-grade equipment; less robust for industrial continuous duty.	Choose for compact, quiet microstepping where 1.5 A RMS suffices and cost sensitivity outweighs fault-protection depth.

Compared with TB6600HG and DRV8825, the L6228PD uniquely combines 52 V operation, non-dissipative OCP, and internal half/full-step sequencing - making it optimal for industrial 24–48 V systems requiring reliability, minimal external components, and deterministic fault response.

Availability

L6228PD is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for CNC motion control, industrial printing, medical infusion pumps, and automated test equipment requiring stable component supply across long production lifecycles.

Supply support for L6228PD includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

STMicroelectronics is a global semiconductor leader headquartered in Geneva, specializing in power management, motion control, and automotive-grade ICs with vertical manufacturing capability.

The L6228PD belongs to ST's high-voltage stepper driver product line, engineered specifically for industrial automation systems demanding robust overcurrent protection, wide supply range, and integrated sequencing without MCU overhead.

FAQ

What is the maximum allowable supply voltage for the L6228PD?

The L6228PD supports an absolute maximum supply voltage of 60 V across VSA/VSB pins, but its recommended operating range is 8–52 V per datasheet Table 2. Operation above 52 V risks exceeding safe operating area limits and may trigger undervoltage lockout or thermal shutdown prematurely. Designers must ensure transient spikes remain below 60 V with appropriate clamping.

How does the non-dissipative overcurrent protection work without external sense resistors?

The L6228PD monitors current via internal DMOS transistor characteristics - detecting overcurrent by comparing voltage drop across the high-side MOSFET's R_DS(ON) path rather than using external shunts. This method avoids power loss in sensing elements and eliminates associated thermal drift, enabling faster fault response (t_OCD(ON) ≤ 200 ns) and improved efficiency.

Can the L6228PD drive unipolar stepper motors?

No - the L6228PD is designed exclusively for two-phase bipolar stepper motors. Its dual full-bridge topology requires four-wire motors with center-tapped or independent phase windings. Unipolar motors (5–6 wire) require different drive schemes (e.g., single-polarity phase activation) incompatible with this IC's bridge control architecture and current sensing methodology.

What thermal management is required for continuous 2.8 A peak operation?

At 2.8 A peak (1.4 A RMS), junction temperature rise depends on PCB copper area and airflow. With 6 cm² top-side copper and 16 thermal vias to ground plane, R_th-j-amb is 16 °C/W (Table 3). At 52 V and 1.4 A RMS, power dissipation ≈ 2.0 W - resulting in ~32 °C rise above ambient. A heatsink or forced air is recommended if ambient exceeds 70 °C or duty cycle exceeds 60%.

L6228PD Specifications

Product attributes: Attribute value

Manufacturer:: STMicroelectronics

Series:: STSPIN L62

Package/Case:: 36-PowerBSSOP (0.433", 11.00mm Width)

Packaging:: Tube

Product Status:: Active

Motor Type - Stepper:: Bipolar

Motor Type - AC, DC:: -

Function:: Driver - Fully Integrated, Control and Power Stage

Output Configuration:: Half Bridge (4)

Interface:: Parallel

Technology:: DMOS

Step Resolution:: 1, 1/2

Applications:: General Purpose

Current - Output:: 1.4A

Voltage - Supply:: 8V ~ 52V

Voltage - Load:: 8V ~ 52V

Operating Temperature:: -25°C ~ 125°C (TJ)

Grade:: -

Qualification:: -

Mounting Type:: Surface Mount

Supplier Device Package:: PowerSO-36 Slug Up

L6228PD FAQ

1.How can I place an order for L6228PD through Aetrix?

Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for L6228PD on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.

2.Are the price and stock information for L6228PD reliable?

The price and inventory of L6228PD are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for L6228PD is usually 5 days.

3.What payment methods are accepted for L6228PD?

We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for L6228PD transactions.

Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.

4.How is shipping managed for L6228PD?

L6228PD orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.

Once your L6228PD order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.

Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.

5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for L6228PD?

For technical support, including L6228PD datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your L6228PD requirements.

6.How does Aetrix verify that L6228PD is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?

All L6228PD products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that L6228PD meets industry standards.

7.What is the process for return or replacement of L6228PD?

All L6228PD units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with L6228PD, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:

1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.

2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.

3.The L6228PD part is unused and in its original packaging.

Return procedure for L6228PD:

1.Submit a request within 90 days.

2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.

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