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STMicroelectronics L78L05ABZ-AP
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- Part No.:
- L78L05ABZ-AP
- Manufacturer:
- STMicroelectronics
- Package:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Datasheet:
-
L78L05ABZ-AP.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG LINEAR 5V 100MA TO92-3
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,249
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Product details
Overview
L78L05ABZ-AP from STMicroelectronics is a three-terminal positive fixed-voltage linear regulator delivering 5 V ±4% output at up to 100 mA, featuring internal current limiting, thermal shutdown, and short-circuit protection. It requires no external components and operates across -40 °C to +125 °C junction temperature, making it suitable for local on-card regulation in industrial control modules and embedded sensor nodes.
For engineers reviewing the L78L05ABZ-AP datasheet, L78L05ABZ-AP pinout, L78L05ABZ-AP application, or L78L05ABZ-AP equivalent, this device serves as a drop-in replacement for Zener-diode/resistor regulators with lower quiescent current (6 mA typ.), improved line regulation (100 mV max), higher supply voltage rejection (41–49 dB), reduced output noise (40 µV), and guaranteed operation under thermal overload conditions.
Technical Context
The L78L05ABZ-AP implements a monolithic silicon voltage regulator architecture with built-in foldback current limiting and thermal shutdown circuitry. Its internal reference and error amplifier maintain stable 5 V output despite input variations from 7 V to 20 V and load changes from 1 mA to 100 mA.
It achieves 41–49 dB supply voltage rejection at 120 Hz with 40 µV RMS output noise (10 Hz–100 kHz bandwidth) and exhibits a 2 V dropout voltage. The device supports operation over an extended industrial temperature range (-40 °C to +125 °C), confirmed by its AB-grade qualification.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Output voltage | 5.0 V ±4% (±0.2 V) at 25 °C; maintains 4.75–5.25 V across full load and temperature range |
| Max output current | 100 mA continuous - sufficient for powering microcontroller peripherals, sensors, and logic ICs |
| Input voltage range | 7 V to 20 V DC - ensures compatibility with common 9 V/12 V rails while maintaining regulation margin |
| Quiescent current | 6 mA typical at 25 °C - enables low-power operation without sacrificing transient response |
| Line regulation | 100 mV max (VI = 8–20 V) - minimizes output variation due to input rail fluctuations |
| Load regulation | 30 mV max (IO = 1–40 mA) - ensures stable voltage delivery during dynamic load transitions |
| Dropout voltage | 2 V at 40 mA - defines minimum VI–VO differential required to sustain regulation |
| Thermal shutdown | Active at ~150 °C junction - protects device and PCB during sustained overload or poor heatsinking |
Pinout & Package
Supplied in TO-92 package (3-pin, through-hole), with lead material compliant to RoHS and ECOPACK2 standards. Package dimensions per STMicroelectronics specification: A = 4.32–4.95 mm, D = 4.45–4.95 mm, E = 3.30–3.94 mm, L = 12.70–15.49 mm.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Pin 1 (Input) | VIN | Unregulated DC input connection; must exceed VO + Vd (≥7 V for 5 V output) |
| Pin 2 (Ground) | GND | Common reference for input and output; connects to system ground plane |
| Pin 3 (Output) | VOUT | Regulated 5 V output; requires 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor to ground for stability |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| No external components required | Integrated pass transistor, error amplifier, and reference eliminate need for external capacitors beyond CO = 0.1 µF |
| Thermal overload protection | Automatic shutdown at ~150 °C junction temperature; resumes operation after cooldown |
| Short-circuit protection | Foldback current limiting reduces output current to safe level (<100 mA) during output-to-ground fault |
| Low output noise | 40 µV RMS (10 Hz–100 kHz) - critical for analog front-ends and precision ADC references |
| High SVR | 41–49 dB at 120 Hz - suppresses ripple from unregulated wall adapters or switching pre-regulators |
Applications
| Industrial Sensor Node Power | Microcontroller Core Supply |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Local regulation for 3.3 V MCU and analog sensor interface on a compact PCB with limited board space. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Fixed 5 V post-regulator supplying power to level-shifting buffers and op-amps feeding an ADC. Use Value: Eliminates noise coupling from shared 12 V system rail and ensures stable reference voltage for 12-bit sensor measurements. |
Use Scenario: On-board 5 V supply for legacy 8-bit microcontrollers (e.g., PIC16F, ATmega328P) in programmable logic controllers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary voltage source for MCU VDD and peripheral I/O banks requiring clean, regulated 5 V. Use Value: Maintains reset integrity and clock stability under varying load conditions, including EEPROM write cycles. |
| IoT Edge Device Local Regulation | Automotive Body Control Module Sub-Supply |
Use Scenario: Secondary 5 V rail derived from a 12 V automotive battery via buck converter, powering wireless transceivers and flash memory. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-noise, thermally robust local regulator decoupling RF section from noisy digital domains. Use Value: Reduces conducted EMI into 2.4 GHz BLE/Wi-Fi circuits and sustains operation during cold-crank (−40 °C). |
Use Scenario: Powering window motor drivers and LED status indicators in non-safety-critical body electronics. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Fault-tolerant 5 V supply with integrated short-circuit and thermal protection. Use Value: Prevents latch-up during wiring faults and survives load-dump transients when used with upstream TVS protection. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar fixed-output linear regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM78L05ACZ | ±5% tolerance (vs. ±4%), wider operating temp (0–70 °C only), higher quiescent current (5.5–8 mA) | Lacks extended temperature rating; unsuitable for under-hood or outdoor industrial use | Select when cost sensitivity outweighs temperature range and precision requirements |
| MC78L05ACP | TO-92 package, ±5% tolerance, no AB-grade temp support (0–70 °C), slightly higher dropout (2.1 V) | Not qualified for −40 °C operation; lower SVR (38 dB) and higher noise (60 µV) | Prefer for commercial-grade consumer devices where ambient temperature remains controlled |
Compared with LM78L05ACZ and MC78L05ACP, the L78L05ABZ-AP provides tighter output tolerance, guaranteed operation down to −40 °C, superior ripple rejection, and lower noise-making it the optimal choice for industrial and automotive-adjacent designs demanding reliability across environmental extremes.
Availability
L78L05ABZ-AP is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial sensor nodes, microcontroller core supplies, IoT edge devices, and automotive body control modules requiring stable component supply with long-term lifecycle assurance.
Supply support for L78L05ABZ-AP includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
STMicroelectronics is a global semiconductor leader headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, designing and manufacturing analog, MCU, power, and sensing solutions for industrial, automotive, and consumer markets.
The L78L series belongs to ST's legacy linear regulator product line, engineered specifically for cost-sensitive, space-constrained applications requiring robustness, simplicity, and wide-temperature operation without external compensation.
FAQ
What is the minimum input voltage required for regulation?
The L78L05ABZ-AP requires a minimum input voltage of 7 V to maintain 5 V output at full 100 mA load, based on its 2 V dropout specification. At lighter loads (e.g., 10 mA), regulation is sustained down to ~6.5 V. Input below 7 V risks loss of regulation and increased output ripple.
Can this regulator be used without an output capacitor?
No. A minimum 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor must be placed directly between VOUT and GND, as specified in ST's DS0424 Rev 30. Omitting it risks high-frequency oscillation and instability, especially under dynamic load conditions or with long PCB traces.
Does the L78L05ABZ-AP support reverse-voltage protection?
No. The device lacks internal reverse-battery protection. Applying reverse polarity to VIN or VOUT can cause permanent damage. External protection-such as a series diode or MOSFET-based ideal diode-is required in systems prone to incorrect battery installation or back-driving.
How does thermal performance differ between TO-92 and SO-8 packages?
In TO-92, RthJA is 200 °C/W (no heatsink); in SO-8 with 6 cm² copper pour, it drops to 55 °C/W. For 100 mA at 15 V input (1 W dissipation), TO-92 junction temperature rises ~200 °C above ambient-exceeding safe limits. SO-8 with proper PCB copper is required for full-load operation above 25 °C ambient.
L78L05ABZ-AP Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- STMicroelectronics
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Packaging:
- Cut Tape (CT)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Output Type:
- Fixed
- Number of Regulators:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 30V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 5V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- -
- Voltage Dropout (Max):
- -
- Current - Output:
- 100mA
- Current - Quiescent (Iq):
- 5.5 mA
- Current - Supply (Max):
- 6 mA
- PSRR:
- 49dB (120Hz)
- Control Features:
- -
- Protection Features:
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Short Circuit
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-92-3
L78L05ABZ-AP FAQ
1.How can I place an order for L78L05ABZ-AP through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for L78L05ABZ-AP on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for L78L05ABZ-AP reliable?
The price and inventory of L78L05ABZ-AP are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for L78L05ABZ-AP is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for L78L05ABZ-AP?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for L78L05ABZ-AP transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for L78L05ABZ-AP?
L78L05ABZ-AP orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your L78L05ABZ-AP order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for L78L05ABZ-AP?
For technical support, including L78L05ABZ-AP datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your L78L05ABZ-AP requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that L78L05ABZ-AP is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All L78L05ABZ-AP products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that L78L05ABZ-AP meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of L78L05ABZ-AP?
All L78L05ABZ-AP units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with L78L05ABZ-AP, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The L78L05ABZ-AP part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for L78L05ABZ-AP:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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