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Texas Instruments LM2591HVSX-5.0
- Part No.:
- LM2591HVSX-5.0
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package:
- TO-263-6, D2PAK (5 Leads + Tab), TO-263BA
- Datasheet:
-
LM2591HVSX-5.0.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK 5V 1A TO263
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:1,330
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Product details
Overview
LM2591HVSX-5.0 from Texas Instruments is a monolithic 150-kHz nonsynchronous step-down (buck) DC-DC converter delivering up to 1 A output current with fixed 5.0 V output, ±4% tolerance over line and load, 4.5–60 V input range, and 82% efficiency at 12 VIN/1 A. It serves as a high-efficiency primary regulator in industrial power supplies and automotive subsystems.
For engineers reviewing the LM2591HVSX-5.0 datasheet, LM2591HVSX-5.0 pinout, LM2591HVSX-5.0 application, or LM2591HVSX-5.0 equivalent, key selection criteria include its 60 V max input rating, ON/OFF control capability, thermal shutdown protection, and compatibility with standard 5-pin TO-220 or DDPAK packages for high-voltage board-level power conversion.
Technical Context
The LM2591HVSX-5.0 integrates a PWM controller, power switch, and internal frequency compensation in a single IC. Its fixed 150 kHz oscillator enables predictable filter design using standard off-the-shelf inductors and capacitors, while the internal two-stage current limit and thermal shutdown provide robust fault protection without external circuitry.
It operates in continuous or discontinuous conduction mode depending on load and inductor value, with feedback sensing directly tied to the output pin (no external divider). The ON/OFF pin supports active-low logic control or floating-start operation, and standby quiescent current is typically 90 μA - critical for low-power wake-up systems.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Output Voltage | Fixed 5.0 V ±4% over −40°C to +125°C, 7–60 VIN, 0.2–1 A load - ensures stable rail for microcontrollers and sensors without external feedback components. |
| Input Voltage Range | 4.5 V to 60 V - supports wide-input applications including 24 V/48 V industrial buses and automotive cold-crank (≥6 V) and load-dump (≤60 V) conditions. |
| Switching Frequency | 150 kHz (±15%) - enables use of compact 47–100 μH inductors and reduces EMI compared to lower-frequency alternatives. |
| Output Current | 1 A DC continuous - sufficient for powering FPGA I/O banks, analog front-ends, or multiple MCU peripherals from a single stage. |
| Efficiency | 82% typical at 12 VIN/5 VOUT/1 A - minimizes thermal rise in enclosed enclosures and extends battery runtime in portable 12 V systems. |
| Standby Current | 90 μA typical - allows low-power sleep modes in remote monitoring nodes without compromising system wake latency. |
| Protection Features | Thermal shutdown + peak current limiting - prevents damage during overload, short-circuit, or inadequate heatsinking without external supervision circuits. |
Pinout & Package
LM2591HVSX-5.0 is supplied in a 5-pin TO-220 (NDH) package with exposed tab for thermal dissipation (10.16 mm × 14.99 mm body), rated for 50°C/W junction-to-ambient thermal resistance on standard 4-layer PCBs.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1: +VIN | Positive input supply | Accepts 4.5–60 V DC; requires local 470 μF low-ESR aluminum electrolytic capacitor to handle high di/dt switching currents and suppress transients. |
| 2: Output | Internal power switch drain | Swings between ~(+VIN − 1.2 V) and ~−0.5 V; connects to catch diode anode and inductor - forms buck switch node requiring tight layout to minimize EMI. |
| 3: Ground | Power and signal reference | Must be connected to low-impedance ground plane; shared return path for input cap, output cap, and feedback network - critical for stability and noise immunity. |
| 4: Feedback | Voltage sense input | Internally tied to output for fixed 5.0 V version; not user-accessible - eliminates resistor divider errors and simplifies layout versus adjustable variants. |
| 5: ON/OFF | Enable/disable control | Active-low logic input (≤0.6 V = ON, ≥2 V = OFF); 90 μA standby draw when pulled high - enables system-level power sequencing and fault recovery. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Wide input voltage range | Supports direct connection to unregulated 24 V/48 V industrial rails or automotive batteries without pre-regulation - reduces BOM count and board space. |
| Integrated thermal and current protection | Eliminates need for external thermal sensors or current-sense amplifiers - improves reliability in sealed or high-ambient-temperature environments. |
| Fixed-frequency 150 kHz operation | Enables deterministic EMI filtering and predictable inductor sizing - avoids variable-frequency jitter that complicates compliance testing. |
| Low 90 μA standby current | Permits always-on monitoring functions (e.g., CAN bus wake detection) while maintaining multi-year battery life in backup power applications. |
| TO-220 and DDPAK package options | Facilitates both prototyping (TO-220 through-hole) and high-volume production (DDPAK surface-mount) with identical electrical performance and thermal derating curves. |
Applications
| Industrial PLC Power Supply | Automotive Body Control Module |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Provides clean 5 V rail for microcontroller, CAN transceiver, and sensor interface circuitry in programmable logic controllers operating from 24 V DC field wiring. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary non-isolated buck regulator converting 24 V field bus to regulated 5 V - handles input ripple, transient surges, and wide temperature swings. Use Value: ±4% output tolerance and 125°C max junction temperature ensure reliable digital logic operation across factory floor environments without additional post-regulation LDOs. |
Use Scenario: Powers infotainment interface, door lock actuators, and lighting drivers in 12 V vehicle architectures subject to load dump (up to 60 V) and cold-crank (down to 6 V). IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-input-voltage buck converter enabling direct battery connection - replaces multi-stage designs with single-chip solution. Use Value: 60 V absolute maximum input rating and integrated current limiting prevent failure during ISO 7637-2 pulse 5a events, reducing system validation effort. |
| Telecom Remote Radio Unit | Medical Portable Diagnostic Device |
|
Use Scenario: Generates 5 V for FPGA configuration, ADC biasing, and RF front-end control in outdoor small-cell base stations powered by 48 V PoE or DC plant. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Pre-regulator stepping 48 V down to 5 V before final LDO stages - delivers high efficiency to reduce heat in sealed enclosures. Use Value: 82% efficiency at full load minimizes thermal stress on adjacent RF components and extends mean time between failures in fanless deployments. |
Use Scenario: Supplies 5 V to microcontroller, display driver, and analog signal chain in handheld ultrasound or glucose meter devices powered by rechargeable Li-ion packs (8–12 V). IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Main DC-DC converter enabling battery-powered operation with extended runtime - supports ON/OFF control for system sleep/wake cycles. Use Value: 90 μA standby current allows real-time clock and interrupt monitoring during deep sleep, enabling <10 μA system quiescent draw. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar step-down regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM2596SX-5.0 | Lower max input voltage (40 V vs. 60 V); same 1 A rating, 150 kHz, TO-220 package; no ON/OFF pin - lacks enable control. | Suitable for 24 V-only systems without load dump risk; not recommended for automotive or 48 V telecom where input transients exceed 40 V. | Select LM2596SX-5.0 only if input never exceeds 40 V and enable functionality is unnecessary - lower cost but reduced safety margin. |
| LM2678T-5.0 | Higher switching frequency (260 kHz); 5 A output; requires external compensation; larger TO-220-7 package; no integrated current limit threshold adjustment. | Better suited for high-current, space-constrained designs needing smaller magnetics; adds complexity due to external loop compensation. | Choose LM2678T-5.0 when >1 A output or tighter size constraints justify added design effort and higher component count. |
Compared with LM2596SX-5.0 and LM2678T-5.0, the LM2591HVSX-5.0 uniquely balances 60 V input resilience, integrated enable control, and 1 A capability in a simple 5-pin footprint - making it optimal for ruggedized 5 V conversion where reliability and ease-of-use outweigh raw current or frequency requirements.
Availability
LM2591HVSX-5.0 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial automation, automotive electronics, and telecom infrastructure requiring stable component supply, long-lifecycle support, and consistent parametric performance across manufacturing lots.
Supply support for LM2591HVSX-5.0 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies, with decades of expertise in high-reliability power conversion ICs.
The LM2591HV series was designed specifically for high-input-voltage step-down regulation in harsh environments - targeting applications where input transients, wide temperature ranges, and minimal external components are critical design constraints.
FAQ
What is the maximum input voltage rating for the LM2591HVSX-5.0?
The LM2591HVSX-5.0 has an absolute maximum input voltage rating of 63 V, with recommended operation up to 60 V DC. This allows safe use in automotive load-dump scenarios (ISO 7637-2 Pulse 5a) and industrial 48 V systems. Exceeding 60 V risks permanent damage even if within the 63 V absolute limit, as thermal and electrical stress increase significantly beyond the recommended range. Always verify input transient clamping in the final design.
Does the LM2591HVSX-5.0 require external feedback resistors?
No, the LM2591HVSX-5.0 does not require external feedback resistors. As a fixed-output variant, its feedback pin (Pin 4) is internally connected to the output, eliminating the need for a resistor divider. This simplifies layout, improves accuracy by removing resistor tolerance and thermal drift effects, and enhances long-term stability - a key advantage over adjustable regulators like the LM2591HV-ADJ.
Can the LM2591HVSX-5.0 be used in negative-output (inverting) configurations?
Yes, the LM2591HVSX-5.0 can be configured as a positive-to-negative inverter per TI Application Note AN-1157. In this topology, the ground pin is bootstrapped to the negative output, and the feedback pin is referenced to system ground. The maximum |VIN| + |VOUT| must not exceed 60 V - for example, generating −5 V from +24 V is valid, but +40 V to −20 V violates the 60 V limit. A Schottky catch diode and additional isolation diodes are required.
What thermal considerations apply to the LM2591HVSX-5.0 in TO-220 package?
In the TO-220 (NDH) package, the LM2591HVSX-5.0 has a junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (RθJA) of 50°C/W on a standard 4-layer JEDEC board. At 1 A output and 12 V input, power dissipation is ~1.2 W - resulting in ~60°C junction rise above ambient. Adequate copper pour under the tab and optional heatsink are recommended above 500 mA continuous load in >50°C ambient environments to maintain <125°C max junction temperature.
Is the LM2591HVSX-5.0 RoHS compliant and lead-free?
Yes, the LM2591HVSX-5.0 is RoHS compliant and lead-free per Texas Instruments' official packaging documentation. The device uses matte tin (Sn) lead finish and meets JEDEC J-STD-020 moisture sensitivity level (MSL) 3 requirements. Full compliance data, including REACH and conflict minerals statements, is available in TI's Quality & Environmental Information portal under orderable part number LM2591HVSX-5.0.
LM2591HVSX-5.0 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- SIMPLE SWITCHER®
- Package/Case:
- TO-263-6, D2PAK (5 Leads + Tab), TO-263BA
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Fixed
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 4.5V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 60V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 5V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- -
- Current - Output:
- 1A
- Frequency - Switching:
- 150kHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- No
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-263 (DDPAK-5)
LM2591HVSX-5.0 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM2591HVSX-5.0 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM2591HVSX-5.0 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM2591HVSX-5.0 reliable?
The price and inventory of LM2591HVSX-5.0 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM2591HVSX-5.0 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM2591HVSX-5.0?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM2591HVSX-5.0 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM2591HVSX-5.0?
LM2591HVSX-5.0 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM2591HVSX-5.0 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM2591HVSX-5.0?
For technical support, including LM2591HVSX-5.0 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM2591HVSX-5.0 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM2591HVSX-5.0 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM2591HVSX-5.0 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM2591HVSX-5.0 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM2591HVSX-5.0?
All LM2591HVSX-5.0 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM2591HVSX-5.0, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM2591HVSX-5.0 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM2591HVSX-5.0:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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