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Texas Instruments LM2591HVSX-ADJ
- Part No.:
- LM2591HVSX-ADJ
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package:
- TO-263-6, D2PAK (5 Leads + Tab), TO-263BA
- Datasheet:
-
LM2591HVSX-ADJ.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK ADJ 1A TO263
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:4,572
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Product details
Overview
LM2591HVSX-ADJ from Texas Instruments is a monolithic nonsynchronous step-down (buck) DC-DC switching regulator IC delivering up to 1 A output current with adjustable output voltage ranging from 1.2 V to 57 V, ±4% tolerance over line and load, operating from input voltages up to 60 V and featuring internal 150-kHz fixed-frequency oscillator and ON/OFF control for standby mode.
For engineers reviewing the LM2591HVSX-ADJ datasheet, LM2591HVSX-ADJ pinout, LM2591HVSX-ADJ application, or LM2591HVSX-ADJ equivalent, key selection considerations include its wide-input-voltage capability (4.5–60 V), feedback reference voltage (1.23 V), thermal shutdown protection, 90-μA standby quiescent current, and compatibility with standard 5-pin DDPAK/TO-263 surface-mount package layouts.
Technical Context
The LM2591HVSX-ADJ implements a nonsynchronous buck topology with an integrated NPN power switch, internal frequency compensation, and fixed 150-kHz oscillator-enabling compact external filter design. Its feedback loop senses output voltage via a resistive divider referenced to 1.23 V at the Feedback pin, supporting precise regulation across the full 1.2–57 V range.
Control logic includes active-low ON/OFF pin enabling shutdown with 90-μA typical quiescent current, while protection features comprise two-stage current limiting (1.3–2.8 A peak), thermal shutdown at 150°C junction temperature, and absolute maximum ratings including 63-V input voltage and 25-V ON/OFF pin voltage.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Output Current | 1 A DC continuous-supports industrial loads requiring stable mid-power conversion without external current boosting. |
| Input Voltage Range | 4.5 V to 60 V-enables direct operation from 12 V, 24 V, 48 V, or unregulated battery/supply rails in harsh environments. |
| Output Voltage Range | 1.2 V to 57 V adjustable-set via external resistor divider; supports custom rail generation without multiple fixed-voltage SKUs. |
| Feedback Reference Voltage | 1.23 V ±4%-defines regulation accuracy baseline; determines output precision when using standard 1% resistors. |
| Switching Frequency | 150 kHz (±15%)-enables use of low-cost, high-saturation-current inductors and reduces EMI compared to lower-frequency alternatives. |
| Standby Quiescent Current | 90 μA typical-minimizes system power draw during sleep or standby modes in battery-powered or energy-sensitive applications. |
| Thermal Shutdown Threshold | 150°C junction temperature-prevents permanent damage under sustained overload or poor heatsinking conditions. |
Pinout & Package
LM2591HVSX-ADJ is supplied in a 5-pin DDPAK/TO-263 surface-mount package (body size 10.18 mm × 8.41 mm) with exposed thermal pad for enhanced heat dissipation. The package is RoHS-compliant and designed for reflow soldering on standard PCBs.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1: +VIN | Positive input supply | Accepts 4.5–60 V DC; requires local bypass capacitor to suppress switching transients and supply peak inductor current. |
| 2: Output | Switch node | Drives external catch diode and inductor; swings between ~(+VIN − 1.2 V) and ~−0.5 V during switching cycle. |
| 3: Ground | Power and signal reference | Common return path for input/output capacitors, feedback network, and thermal pad; must be low-impedance connection. |
| 4: Feedback | Regulation sense input | Monitors divided output voltage; internal comparator maintains 1.23 V at this pin-sets output via R1/R2 divider ratio. |
| 5: ON/OFF | Shutdown control | Active-high enable: ≥2 V disables regulator (90 μA IQ); ≤0.6 V or floating enables operation; threshold = 1.3 V typical. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Wide input voltage range (4.5–60 V) | Eliminates need for preregulation stages in automotive, industrial, and telecom power systems with variable input sources. |
| Adjustable output (1.2–57 V) | Reduces BOM count by replacing multiple fixed-output regulators; supports legacy and custom voltage requirements. |
| Integrated 150-kHz oscillator | Enables predictable EMI profile and simplifies filter design using off-the-shelf inductors rated for ≥150 kHz operation. |
| ON/OFF pin with 90-μA standby | Supports low-power system states without external enable circuitry-ideal for remote sensors and IoT edge nodes. |
| Thermal shutdown + current limiting | Provides autonomous fault recovery in overtemperature or short-circuit events-no external protection components required. |
Applications
| Industrial Power Supply | Automotive Body Control Module |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Converting 24 V vehicle battery to 5 V/3.3 V for microcontrollers and CAN transceivers in body electronics. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary buck regulator providing isolated, regulated DC rails with high efficiency and transient response. Use Value: Operates reliably across −40°C to +125°C ambient, withstands load dump pulses up to 60 V, and maintains ±4% output accuracy under varying engine loads. |
Use Scenario: Generating 12 V intermediate rail from 48 V mild-hybrid battery for infotainment subsystems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-input-voltage step-down converter enabling efficient power distribution without bulky transformers or cascaded stages. Use Value: Delivers 1 A at >76% efficiency (VIN=12 V, VOUT=3 V), supports ON/OFF sequencing with external microcontroller, and integrates thermal protection for under-hood deployment. |
| Telecom Remote Radio Unit | Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) I/O Module |
|
Use Scenario: Providing stable 3.3 V or 5 V from 48 V PoE-derived supply to FPGA, ADCs, and RF front-end ICs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Point-of-load (POL) regulator ensuring clean, low-noise power for sensitive analog and digital circuits. Use Value: Adjustable output allows fine-tuning to meet exact rail tolerances; 150-kHz switching avoids interference with critical RF bands. |
Use Scenario: Converting 24 V field bus voltage to 5 V for isolated digital I/O drivers and communication interfaces. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Robust industrial-grade DC-DC converter handling wide temperature swings and electrical noise in factory environments. Use Value: Withstands repetitive surge events per IEC 61000-4-4/5; thermal shutdown prevents latch-up during shorted outputs or connector faults. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar step-down regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM2596HV-ADJ | Higher 3-A output current rating; same 60-V max input and 1.23-V feedback reference; 150-kHz switching frequency. | Better suited for higher-current loads (>1 A); larger thermal footprint due to TO-220 package option. | Select when output current exceeds 1 A but layout space permits TO-220 or larger DDPAK variant. |
| LM2678-ADJ | 2.5-A output; 260-kHz switching frequency; improved efficiency at light loads; requires external compensation. | Offers faster transient response and better light-load efficiency; more complex loop tuning required. | Choose for applications demanding >2 A output or tighter dynamic regulation where design resources allow compensation optimization. |
Compared with LM2591HVSX-ADJ, LM2596HV-ADJ provides higher current headroom in identical voltage ranges, while LM2678-ADJ trades simplicity for performance scalability-making LM2591HVSX-ADJ optimal for cost-sensitive, 1-A industrial buck designs needing minimal external components and proven thermal robustness.
Availability
LM2591HVSX-ADJ is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial power supplies, automotive body electronics, and telecom remote radio units requiring stable component supply with long lifecycle support and traceable sourcing.
Supply support for LM2591HVSX-ADJ includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor company headquartered in Dallas, Texas, designing and manufacturing analog, embedded processing, and logic ICs for industrial, automotive, and communications markets.
The LM2591HV series belongs to TI's SIMPLE SWITCHER® power converter family-engineered for ease of use in non-isolated DC-DC buck applications where reliability, wide input range, and minimal external component count are prioritized over ultra-high efficiency or digital control.
FAQ
What is the maximum input voltage rating for LM2591HVSX-ADJ?
The LM2591HVSX-ADJ has an absolute maximum input voltage rating of 63 V, with recommended operating range from 4.5 V to 60 V. Exceeding 60 V in normal operation risks violating safe operating area limits and may trigger overvoltage stress on internal components-even if within absolute maximums-so 60 V remains the practical upper limit per datasheet guidance.
How does the feedback pin function in LM2591HVSX-ADJ?
The Feedback pin of LM2591HVSX-ADJ senses the output voltage through an external resistor divider and maintains regulation by holding the pin at 1.23 V. This reference voltage defines the output as VOUT = 1.23 V × (1 + R1/R2), where R1 connects from output to feedback and R2 from feedback to ground. Bias current into this pin is only 10–50 nA, minimizing divider power loss.
Can LM2591HVSX-ADJ be used in negative-output configurations?
Yes, LM2591HVSX-ADJ supports positive-to-negative conversion using an inverting buck-boost topology. In this configuration, the ground pin is tied to the negative output, and the feedback pin is referenced to system ground. The regulator then regulates |VOUT|, with maximum input-to-output differential limited to 60 V-e.g., +20 V input can generate −40 V output, but not −50 V.
What thermal performance can be expected from LM2591HVSX-ADJ in DDPAK package?
In its standard 5-pin DDPAK/TO-263 package, LM2591HVSX-ADJ has a junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (RθJA) of 50°C/W on a JEDEC 4-layer board. With proper PCB copper pour under the thermal pad, it sustains 1-A continuous output at ambient temperatures up to 85°C without forced airflow-derating linearly above that based on 150°C max junction temperature.
Does LM2591HVSX-ADJ require external compensation components?
No, LM2591HVSX-ADJ includes internal frequency compensation optimized for standard buck configurations using typical external components (e.g., 68–100 μH inductor, 220 μF output capacitor). External compensation is neither required nor supported-the device is designed for plug-and-play implementation with minimal external parts beyond inductor, diode, and input/output capacitors.
LM2591HVSX-ADJ Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- SIMPLE SWITCHER®
- Package/Case:
- TO-263-6, D2PAK (5 Leads + Tab), TO-263BA
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 4.5V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 60V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 1.2V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 57V
- Current - Output:
- 1A
- Frequency - Switching:
- 150kHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- No
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-263 (DDPAK-5)
LM2591HVSX-ADJ FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM2591HVSX-ADJ through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM2591HVSX-ADJ on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM2591HVSX-ADJ reliable?
The price and inventory of LM2591HVSX-ADJ are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM2591HVSX-ADJ is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM2591HVSX-ADJ?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM2591HVSX-ADJ transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM2591HVSX-ADJ?
LM2591HVSX-ADJ orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM2591HVSX-ADJ order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM2591HVSX-ADJ?
For technical support, including LM2591HVSX-ADJ datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM2591HVSX-ADJ requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM2591HVSX-ADJ is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM2591HVSX-ADJ products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM2591HVSX-ADJ meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM2591HVSX-ADJ?
All LM2591HVSX-ADJ units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM2591HVSX-ADJ, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM2591HVSX-ADJ part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM2591HVSX-ADJ:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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