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Texas Instruments LM2591HVT-3.3
- Part No.:
- LM2591HVT-3.3
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package:
- TO-220-5 Formed Leads
- Datasheet:
-
LM2591HVT-3.3.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK 3.3V 1A TO220-5
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,969
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Product details
Overview
LM2591HVT-3.3 from Texas Instruments is a monolithic 150-kHz nonsynchronous step-down (buck) DC-DC regulator delivering up to 1 A output current with fixed 3.3-V output, ±4% tolerance over line and load, 4.75–60 V input range, and 90 μA standby quiescent current. It serves as a high-efficiency primary voltage regulator in industrial power supplies, automotive subsystems, and distributed power architectures where wide VIN and thermal robustness are required.
For engineers reviewing the LM2591HVT-3.3 datasheet, LM2591HVT-3.3 pinout, LM2591HVT-3.3 application, or LM2591HVT-3.3 equivalent, key selection criteria include its 60-V absolute max input rating, TO-220-5 package thermal performance (RθJA = 50°C/W), ON/OFF control interface, and fixed-output simplicity versus adjustable alternatives.
Technical Context
The LM2591HVT-3.3 integrates a PWM controller, power switch, and internal frequency compensation in a single chip, operating at a fixed 150-kHz switching frequency to minimize external filter size. Its nonsynchronous architecture uses an external Schottky catch diode and requires no external timing components.
It implements two-stage current limiting (peak limit ≥1.3 A, second-stage foldback), thermal shutdown at 150°C junction temperature, and undervoltage lockout via the ON/OFF pin - enabling delayed start-up and input-voltage threshold control without additional circuitry.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Output Voltage | Fixed 3.3 V ±4% (3.168–3.432 V) across −40°C to +125°C, full line/load range - ensures stable logic rail compliance for 3.3-V microcontrollers and FPGAs. |
| Input Voltage Range | 4.75 V to 60 V - supports 12-V, 24-V, and 48-V industrial buses, plus automotive cold-crank transients up to 60 V. |
| Max Output Current | 1 A DC continuous - sufficient for powering multiple low-power peripherals or a single mid-tier MCU with peripherals. |
| Switching Frequency | 150 kHz (±15%), typical 150 kHz - enables use of compact 47–100 μH inductors and standard electrolytic output capacitors. |
| Quiescent Current | 90 μA in shutdown mode (ON/OFF ≥2 V) - critical for battery-backed or always-on systems requiring ultra-low standby drain. |
| Saturation Voltage | 1.2 V max at 1 A - directly impacts conduction loss and thermal rise; dictates minimum practical duty cycle and dropout behavior. |
| Thermal Resistance | RθJA = 50°C/W (TO-220-5 package) - defines maximum power dissipation (≈1.5 W at 125°C ambient) before thermal shutdown. |
Pinout & Package
LM2591HVT-3.3 is supplied in a 5-pin TO-220 (NDH) package with through-hole mounting and integral heat sink tab. The package measures 14.986 mm × 10.16 mm and features exposed metal on the backside for direct heatsink attachment.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1: +VIN | Positive input supply | Accepts 4.75–60 V DC; requires local 470-μF low-ESR aluminum capacitor to handle high di/dt switching currents and suppress input transients. |
| 2: Output | Switch node | Drives external catch diode and inductor; swings between ≈(+VIN − 1.2 V) and ≈−0.5 V; layout must minimize loop area to reduce EMI. |
| 3: Ground | Power and signal reference | Common return for input cap, output cap, feedback network, and heatsink; must be low-impedance star point to avoid noise coupling. |
| 4: Feedback | Voltage sense input | Internally tied to output for fixed 3.3-V version; not user-adjustable; sensitive to noise - requires short trace and guard ring if routing near noisy nodes. |
| 5: ON/OFF | Shutdown control | Logic-level enable: ≤0.6 V = active, ≥2 V = shutdown (90 μA IQ); threshold ≈1.3 V; max voltage 25 V - allows simple microcontroller GPIO or resistor-divider control. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Fixed 3.3-V output | Eliminates external resistor divider, reducing BOM count and layout sensitivity while guaranteeing ±4% regulation across temperature and load. |
| 150-kHz fixed-frequency oscillator | Enables predictable EMI filtering and consistent inductor sizing; avoids frequency jitter issues common in variable-frequency regulators. |
| ON/OFF logic control | Supports system-level power sequencing and sleep-mode management with <10 μA input leakage, compatible with 3.3-V or 5-V logic. |
| Integrated thermal shutdown | Automatically disables switching at 150°C junction temperature and resumes operation after cooldown - prevents permanent damage under overload or poor heatsinking. |
| Two-stage current limiting | First-stage peak limit (≥1.3 A) protects against short circuits; second-stage foldback reduces duty cycle during sustained overload - improves reliability vs. hard-limited switches. |
Applications
| Industrial Power Supply | Automotive Body Control Module |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Converting 24-V vehicle battery to stable 3.3-V rail for microcontroller, CAN transceiver, and sensor interfaces. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary buck regulator providing isolated, regulated 3.3-V supply with transient immunity to load-dump (60 V) and cold-crank (4.75 V) conditions. Use Value: Delivers 1 A continuously without external current-sense or protection ICs, leveraging built-in thermal shutdown and current limiting for ASIL-B–compatible designs. |
Use Scenario: On-board 3.3-V power for infotainment head unit logic, display driver, and USB interface in 12-V automotive systems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-input-voltage step-down converter with ON/OFF control synchronized to ignition state and low-IQ shutdown for parking mode. Use Value: 90 μA standby current extends battery life during extended vehicle-off periods; 60-V input rating handles ISO 7637-2 pulse 5a (load dump). |
| Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) I/O Module | Telecom Remote Radio Unit (RRU) |
|
Use Scenario: Generating 3.3-V logic supply from 48-V telecom-style backplane in modular PLC chassis. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Pre-regulator feeding LDOs or powering FPGA configuration circuitry; operates at fixed 150-kHz frequency for predictable EMI profile. Use Value: RθJA = 50°C/W enables convection-cooled operation on PCB-mounted heatsink; ±4% output tolerance meets industrial-grade digital rail requirements. |
Use Scenario: Providing 3.3-V bias for RF front-end ICs and ADC/DACs in outdoor base station RRUs powered from −48-V DC plant. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Buck converter in positive-to-negative converter topology (with external diodes), generating clean 3.3-V from inverted −48-V bus. Use Value: Supports inverting configuration per TI AN-1157; 150-kHz switching allows compact magnetics; fixed output simplifies feedback design in space-constrained RF enclosures. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar step-down regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM2591HV-3.3 | Same silicon, identical electrical specs; NDH (TO-220-5) package variant - differs only in ordering suffix and packaging code. | No functional difference; both support same input/output ranges, thermal specs, and pinout. | Select LM2591HVT-3.3 when tape-and-reel or specific manufacturing traceability is required; otherwise functionally interchangeable. |
| LM2596-3.3 | Lower max input (40 V vs. 60 V), lower max current (3 A vs. 1 A), 150-kHz fixed frequency, TO-220-5 package - shares architecture but targets higher-current, lower-VIN applications. | Not suitable for 48-V or automotive load-dump environments; better for 12-V/24-V systems needing >1 A. | Choose LM2596-3.3 only if output current >1 A is needed and input never exceeds 40 V; LM2591HVT-3.3 remains superior for high-VIN robustness. |
Compared with LM2591HV-3.3 and LM2596-3.3, the LM2591HVT-3.3 uniquely balances 60-V input tolerance, 1-A capability, and fixed 3.3-V output in a thermally optimized TO-220 package - making it the preferred choice for industrial and automotive applications demanding wide VIN and proven reliability.
Availability
LM2591HVT-3.3 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial automation, automotive electronics, and telecom infrastructure requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and traceable sourcing.
Supply support for LM2591HVT-3.3 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies, with decades of expertise in high-reliability power conversion ICs.
The LM2591HV series was designed as a SIMPLE SWITCHER® solution for cost-sensitive, high-input-voltage buck applications - prioritizing ease of use, minimal external components, and rugged operation in harsh environments.
FAQ
What is the maximum input voltage rating for LM2591HVT-3.3?
The LM2591HVT-3.3 has an absolute maximum input voltage rating of 63 V, with recommended operation up to 60 V. This allows reliable use in 48-V industrial systems and automotive applications subject to load-dump transients. Exceeding 60 V risks permanent damage and violates the device's specified operating conditions per the TI SNVS074E datasheet.
Does LM2591HVT-3.3 require an external feedback resistor network?
No, the LM2591HVT-3.3 is a fixed-output variant with internal feedback set to 3.3 V; Pin 4 (Feedback) is internally connected to the output. Unlike the adjustable LM2591HV-ADJ, it needs no external resistors - simplifying layout, reducing component count, and eliminating resistor tolerance effects on output accuracy.
Can LM2591HVT-3.3 be used in a negative-output (inverting) configuration?
Yes, the LM2591HVT-3.3 can be configured as a positive-to-negative converter using the topology shown in TI Application Note AN-1157. In this setup, the ground pin is bootstrapped to the negative output, and the feedback pin is grounded - enabling generation of −3.3 V from a positive input, provided the sum of |VIN| + |VOUT| ≤ 60 V.
What thermal performance can be expected from LM2591HVT-3.3 in TO-220 package?
In the NDH (TO-220-5) package, the LM2591HVT-3.3 has a junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (RθJA) of 50°C/W. At 1 A output and 12 V input, typical power dissipation is ~1.2 W - resulting in ~60°C junction rise above ambient. With proper heatsinking or airflow, it sustains full load at 125°C ambient without thermal shutdown.
How does the ON/OFF pin function on LM2591HVT-3.3?
The ON/OFF pin (Pin 5) provides logic-level shutdown control: driving it to ≥2 V places LM2591HVT-3.3 in low-power standby mode (IQ ≈ 90 μA); leaving it floating or pulling it to ≤0.6 V enables normal operation. Its 1.3-V typical threshold and 25-V absolute max rating allow direct interfacing with microcontrollers or simple resistor dividers from higher-voltage rails.
LM2591HVT-3.3 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- SIMPLE SWITCHER®
- Package/Case:
- TO-220-5 Formed Leads
- Packaging:
- Tube
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Fixed
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 4.5V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 60V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 3.3V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- -
- Current - Output:
- 1A
- Frequency - Switching:
- 150kHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- No
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-220-5
LM2591HVT-3.3 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM2591HVT-3.3 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM2591HVT-3.3 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM2591HVT-3.3 reliable?
The price and inventory of LM2591HVT-3.3 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM2591HVT-3.3 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM2591HVT-3.3?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM2591HVT-3.3 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM2591HVT-3.3?
LM2591HVT-3.3 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM2591HVT-3.3 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM2591HVT-3.3?
For technical support, including LM2591HVT-3.3 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM2591HVT-3.3 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM2591HVT-3.3 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM2591HVT-3.3 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM2591HVT-3.3 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM2591HVT-3.3?
All LM2591HVT-3.3 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM2591HVT-3.3, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM2591HVT-3.3 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM2591HVT-3.3:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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