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Texas Instruments LM2591HVT-5.0
- Part No.:
- LM2591HVT-5.0
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package:
- TO-220-5 Formed Leads
- Datasheet:
-
LM2591HVT-5.0.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK 5V 1A TO220-5
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,730
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Product details
Overview
LM2591HVT-5.0 from Texas Instruments is a monolithic nonsynchronous step-down (buck) DC-DC switching regulator delivering 1-A output current with fixed 5.0-V output, 150-kHz fixed-frequency operation, input voltage range up to 60 V, and ±4% output voltage tolerance over line and load. It serves as a high-efficiency primary power stage in industrial power supplies, automotive subsystems, and distributed on-board converters.
For engineers reviewing the LM2591HVT-5.0 datasheet, LM2591HVT-5.0 pinout, LM2591HVT-5.0 application, or LM2591HVT-5.0 equivalent, key selection criteria include its 60-V max input rating, 90-μA standby current in shutdown mode, thermal shutdown and current-limit protection, TO-220-5 package compatibility, and suitability for buck or positive-to-negative converter topologies.
Technical Context
The LM2591HVT-5.0 integrates a PWM controller, power switch, and internal frequency compensation in a single IC. Its 150-kHz fixed oscillator enables compact external filter design using standard inductors and electrolytic capacitors, while the nonsynchronous architecture requires an external Schottky catch diode rated ≥60 V.
Control logic centers on the ON/OFF pin: driving it ≥2 V places the device in low-quiescent (90 μA) shutdown; floating or pulling ≤0.6 V enables regulation. Feedback is internally tied to output for fixed 5.0-V versions-no external resistor divider required-enabling simple, robust implementation with minimal BOM count.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Output Voltage | Fixed 5.0 V ±4% (4.8–5.2 V at 25°C; 4.75–5.25 V over −40°C to 125°C), eliminating need for feedback resistors. |
| Max Input Voltage | 60 V DC-supports wide-input applications such as 24-V/48-V industrial rails and automotive battery transients. |
| Output Current | 1 A DC continuous-designed for stable operation into full-load conditions without derating at 25°C ambient. |
| Switching Frequency | 150 kHz (127–173 kHz range)-enables use of standard 47–100 μH inductors and avoids EMI-sensitive bands. |
| Standby Current | 90 μA typical in shutdown-critical for low-power wake-up circuits and battery-backed systems. |
| Saturation Voltage | 1.2 V max at 1 A-defines conduction loss and impacts minimum dropout (VIN(min) ≈ 6.2 V at full load). |
| Thermal Protection | Internal thermal shutdown-prevents damage during sustained overload or poor heatsinking in TO-220 package. |
Pinout & Package
LM2591HVT-5.0 is supplied in a 5-pin TO-220 (NDH) package with exposed tab for thermal dissipation (14.986 mm × 10.16 mm body size). The tab is electrically connected to Pin 3 (Ground).
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1: +VIN | Input supply connection | Accepts 4.5–60 V DC; requires local 470-μF low-ESR aluminum capacitor to handle high di/dt switching currents. |
| 2: Output | Switch node (drain of internal NPN transistor) | Swings between ~(+VIN − 1.2 V) and ~−0.5 V; connects directly to cathode of external Schottky catch diode. |
| 3: Ground | Power and signal reference | Common return for input/output capacitors, feedback path, and ON/OFF control; tab is bonded to this pin. |
| 4: Feedback | Regulation sense input | Internally tied to output for LM2591HVT-5.0-no external divider needed; open-circuit or shorting disables regulation. |
| 5: ON/OFF | Enable/disable control | Logic-high (≥2 V) forces shutdown (90 μA IQ); floating or logic-low (≤0.6 V) enables operation; threshold is 1.3 V typical. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Integrated 1-A power switch | Eliminates need for external MOSFET driver and gate control circuitry-reduces layout complexity and component count. |
| Fixed-frequency 150-kHz oscillator | Enables predictable EMI filtering and consistent inductor sizing across designs-no external timing components required. |
| ON/OFF pin with 90-μA standby | Supports system-level power sequencing and low-power sleep modes without auxiliary enable circuitry. |
| ±4% output voltage tolerance | Guarantees regulation accuracy across full input (4.5–60 V) and load (0.2–1 A) ranges-no post-production trimming needed. |
| Thermal shutdown + current limit | Two-stage protection prevents failure under short-circuit, overtemperature, or excessive duty-cycle conditions-no external fault management. |
Applications
| Industrial Power Supply | Automotive Subsystem |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Converting 24-V truck battery rail to stable 5-V logic supply for engine control unit (ECU) peripherals. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary buck regulator providing isolated, regulated 5-V rail with transient immunity against load-dump events. Use Value: 60-V input rating withstands ISO 7637-2 pulse 5a (75-V surge); 1-A output supports multiple microcontrollers and CAN transceivers. |
Use Scenario: Generating 5-V supply for infotainment head unit from 12-V vehicle battery with cold-crank support. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-efficiency preregulator stepping down raw battery voltage before LDO post-regulation. Use Value: 82% efficiency at 12-VIN/1-AOUT reduces thermal load; 4.5-V min input ensures operation during 6-V cold-crank dips. |
| On-Card DC-DC Converter | Positive-to-Negative Converter |
|
Use Scenario: Local 5-V generation on a motor drive PCB where space limits use of external DC-DC modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Compact, self-contained buck converter replacing discrete switcher solutions with minimal footprint. Use Value: TO-220-5 package allows direct heatsink mounting; only 5 external components (inductor, diode, 2 caps, snubber) required. |
Use Scenario: Deriving −5-V rail from existing +12-V supply for op-amp biasing in precision analog front-end. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Inverting buck-boost topology using LM2591HVT-5.0's grounded feedback and bootstrapped ground pin. Use Value: Fixed 5-V version simplifies inverting design-no feedback resistor calibration; peak switch current limited to 1.2 A min. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar step-down regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM2596HV-5.0 | Higher 3-A output current rating; 150-kHz frequency; wider 4.5–60-V input range; same TO-220-5 package. | Supports higher load currents but requires larger inductor and diode; less suitable for space-constrained 1-A designs. | Select LM2596HV-5.0 when >1-A output or higher thermal margin is required; LM2591HVT-5.0 preferred for cost-optimized 1-A implementations. |
| LM2678-5.0 | 2.5-A output; 260-kHz switching frequency; integrated soft-start; different pinout (TO-220-5 but non-compatible pin mapping). | Requires PCB redesign due to pin mismatch; higher frequency demands tighter layout and lower-ESR capacitors. | Choose LM2678-5.0 only when soft-start or >2-A capability is mandatory; LM2591HVT-5.0 offers drop-in replacement for legacy LM2591 designs. |
Compared with LM2596HV-5.0 and LM2678-5.0, the LM2591HVT-5.0 delivers optimal balance of 1-A capability, proven reliability, minimal external component count, and direct compatibility with existing TO-220-based layouts-making it ideal for cost-sensitive, thermally constrained buck applications where 1-A suffices.
Availability
LM2591HVT-5.0 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial power supplies, automotive subsystems, and on-card DC-DC converters requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and traceable sourcing from authorized channels.
Supply support for LM2591HVT-5.0 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management ICs, with decades of expertise in high-reliability power conversion solutions.
The LM2591HV series was designed for rugged, wide-input-voltage step-down regulation in harsh environments-targeting industrial controls, transportation systems, and telecom infrastructure where input transients and thermal stress are common.
FAQ
What is the maximum input voltage rating for the LM2591HVT-5.0?
The LM2591HVT-5.0 has an absolute maximum input voltage rating of 63 V, with recommended operating range from 4.5 V to 60 V DC. This makes LM2591HVT-5.0 suitable for 24-V and 48-V industrial systems, as well as automotive applications subject to load dump transients. Exceeding 60 V in normal operation risks violating recommended conditions and may trigger thermal shutdown or reduce lifetime reliability.
Does the LM2591HVT-5.0 require external feedback resistors to set the output voltage?
No, the LM2591HVT-5.0 does not require external feedback resistors. As a fixed-output variant, its feedback pin (Pin 4) is internally connected to the output, establishing a precise 5.0-V regulation point. This eliminates resistor tolerance errors and layout sensitivity-key advantages over adjustable versions like LM2591HV-ADJ, where external dividers introduce drift and noise coupling risks.
What type of catch diode is recommended for use with the LM2591HVT-5.0?
A Schottky diode rated for ≥60 V reverse voltage and ≥2 A average current is recommended for the LM2591HVT-5.0. TI specifies the 21DQ06 (2 A, 60 V) in its test circuits. Schottky diodes minimize forward voltage drop and reverse recovery losses-critical for maintaining high efficiency, especially at 5-V output. Fast recovery diodes may be used above 24-V input, but Schottky remains optimal for LM2591HVT-5.0's typical use cases.
How does the ON/OFF pin function on the LM2591HVT-5.0?
The ON/OFF pin (Pin 5) provides digital enable control for the LM2591HVT-5.0: applying ≥2 V places it in shutdown mode with 90 μA quiescent current; leaving it floating or pulling ≤0.6 V enables normal regulation. The threshold is typically 1.3 V, and the pin must never exceed 25 V. This feature enables system-level power sequencing, battery-saving sleep states, and fault-initiated shutdown-without requiring additional logic circuitry.
Can the LM2591HVT-5.0 be used in a positive-to-negative inverting configuration?
Yes, the LM2591HVT-5.0 can be configured as a positive-to-negative inverter by bootstrapping its ground pin to the negative output and grounding the feedback pin-leveraging its fixed 5-V reference to regulate −5 V. This topology requires two additional diodes and careful inductor selection. Peak switch current must remain below 1.2 A (min current limit), and total input-to-output voltage differential must not exceed 60 V-verified per TI Application Note AN-1157.
LM2591HVT-5.0 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- SIMPLE SWITCHER®
- Package/Case:
- TO-220-5 Formed Leads
- Packaging:
- Tube
- Product Status:
- Not For New Designs
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Fixed
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 4.5V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 60V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 5V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- -
- Current - Output:
- 1A
- Frequency - Switching:
- 150kHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- No
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-220-5
LM2591HVT-5.0 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM2591HVT-5.0 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM2591HVT-5.0 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM2591HVT-5.0 reliable?
The price and inventory of LM2591HVT-5.0 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM2591HVT-5.0 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM2591HVT-5.0?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM2591HVT-5.0 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM2591HVT-5.0?
LM2591HVT-5.0 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM2591HVT-5.0 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM2591HVT-5.0?
For technical support, including LM2591HVT-5.0 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM2591HVT-5.0 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM2591HVT-5.0 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM2591HVT-5.0 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM2591HVT-5.0 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM2591HVT-5.0?
All LM2591HVT-5.0 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM2591HVT-5.0, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM2591HVT-5.0 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM2591HVT-5.0:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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