My Inquiry
My Account
Texas Instruments LM2591HVT-ADJ
- Part No.:
- LM2591HVT-ADJ
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package:
- TO-220-5 Formed Leads
- Datasheet:
-
LM2591HVT-ADJ.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK ADJ 1A TO220-5
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,143
Please send an inquiry. Send us your inquiry, and we will respond immediately.
Product details
Overview
LM2591HVT-ADJ from Texas Instruments is a monolithic nonsynchronous step-down DC-DC converter IC designed for high-voltage input applications, delivering up to 1 A output current with adjustable output voltage from 1.2 V to 57 V (±4% tolerance), fixed 150-kHz switching frequency, and input voltage support up to 60 V. It serves as a primary buck regulator in industrial power supplies, battery-powered systems, and distributed power architectures.
For engineers reviewing the LM2591HVT-ADJ datasheet, LM2591HVT-ADJ pinout, LM2591HVT-ADJ application, or LM2591HVT-ADJ equivalent, key selection criteria include its wide input range (4.5–60 V), feedback reference voltage (1.23 V), ON/OFF control interface, thermal shutdown protection, and compatibility with standard TO-220 and DDPAK packages.
Technical Context
The LM2591HVT-ADJ implements a fixed-frequency (127–173 kHz) current-mode PWM controller with internal power switch, enabling stable operation across line and load variations. Its feedback loop references a precise 1.23 V internal bandgap, requiring an external resistor divider to set output voltage - unlike fixed-output variants where feedback is internally tied.
It operates in discontinuous or continuous conduction mode depending on load and inductor value, features two-stage current limiting (1.2–3.0 A peak), and enters low-power standby (90 μA typical) when the ON/OFF pin is pulled ≥2 V. Thermal shutdown activates at 150°C junction temperature, and the device supports positive-to-negative conversion topologies via ground-referenced feedback reconfiguration.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Input Voltage Range | 4.5 V to 60 V - supports wide-range industrial, automotive, and telecom inputs without pre-regulation. |
| Output Voltage Range | 1.2 V to 57 V (adjustable) - set via external resistor divider; ±4% tolerance over line/load/temperature ensures reliable regulation. |
| Max Output Current | 1 A DC - sustained load capability with internal switch; limited by thermal design and PCB copper area. |
| Switching Frequency | 150 kHz (typical), 110–173 kHz (over temp) - enables use of compact, low-cost inductors and capacitors. |
| Feedback Reference Voltage | 1.23 V (typical), 1.18–1.28 V (−40°C to +125°C) - defines output setpoint accuracy and stability margin in closed-loop design. |
| Standby Quiescent Current | 90 μA (typical), ≤250 μA (−40°C to +125°C) - enables ultra-low-power shutdown for battery-backed systems. |
| Thermal Shutdown Threshold | 150°C junction temperature - protects against sustained overload or inadequate heatsinking. |
Pinout & Package
LM2591HVT-ADJ is available in TO-220 (NDH) and DDPAK/TO-263 (KTT) 5-pin packages. Both share identical pin functions and layout orientation (top view). The "T" suffix in LM2591HVT-ADJ denotes the TO-220 variant per TI's orderable addendum.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1: +VIN | Power Input | Primary DC input supply (4.5–60 V); requires local low-ESR bypass capacitor to handle high di/dt switching currents. |
| 2: Output | Switch Node | Drain of internal N-channel MOSFET; connects to catch diode anode and inductor; swings between ~0 V and VIN − VSAT (~1.2 V). |
| 3: Ground | Power & Signal Reference | Common return path for input/output capacitors, feedback network, and ON/OFF control; must be low-impedance PCB plane. |
| 4: Feedback | Regulation Sense | High-impedance input (10–100 nA bias) referenced to 1.23 V; connected to resistor divider from output to set VOUT = 1.23 × (1 + R1/R2). |
| 5: ON/OFF | Enable Control | Digital logic input: ≤0.6 V = active, ≥2 V = shutdown (90 μA IQ); threshold is 1.3 V typical; max voltage 25 V. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Wide Input Voltage Support | Operates from 4.5 V to 60 V - eliminates need for upstream pre-regulators in 24 V/48 V industrial or 12 V–48 V battery systems. |
| Adjustable Output with Precision Reference | 1.23 V ±2.5% internal reference enables accurate, flexible output programming from 1.2 V to 57 V using two external resistors. |
| Integrated Protection Functions | Includes thermal shutdown, peak-current limiting (1.2–3.0 A), and safe ON/OFF control - reduces external protection component count. |
| Low Standby Power Consumption | 90 μA typical shutdown current - extends battery life in portable or always-on monitoring equipment. |
| Fixed-Frequency Operation | 150 kHz nominal switching frequency - simplifies EMI filtering and allows predictable inductor sizing with standard off-the-shelf magnetics. |
Applications
| Industrial 24V Power Supply | Automotive Battery Management |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Converting unregulated 24 V vehicle battery (18–32 V range) to stable 5 V or 3.3 V for microcontrollers and sensors. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary buck regulator providing isolated, regulated DC output; no timing-critical interfaces required. Use Value: Maintains regulation across cold-crank (as low as 4.5 V) and load-dump (up to 60 V) transients without external supervision circuitry. |
Use Scenario: Generating 12 V auxiliary rail from 48 V battery in mild-hybrid EVs for infotainment and ADAS modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-input-voltage step-down converter operating in continuous conduction mode at full 1-A load. Use Value: Delivers 1 A at 12 V with >76% efficiency at 12 VIN/3 VOUT, reducing thermal load versus linear regulators. |
| Programmable Lab Power Supply | Positive-to-Negative Converter |
|
Use Scenario: Core regulation stage in benchtop power supply where output voltage is user-adjustable via potentiometer. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable-output buck controller with manual feedback divider; no digital interface needed. Use Value: Enables 1.2–57 V output range with ±4% accuracy using only two external resistors - no DAC or microcontroller required. |
Use Scenario: Generating −5 V or −12 V from +24 V input for op-amp biasing or analog signal conditioning. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Inverting buck-boost topology using grounded feedback pin and bootstrapped ground reference. Use Value: Supports negative outputs without dedicated inverting ICs; maximum |VIN| + |VOUT| ≤ 60 V ensures safe operation. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar step-down regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM2596HV-ADJ | Higher 150-kHz oscillator tolerance (±15% vs. ±15%), same 60-V input, but rated for 3-A output and uses different compensation scheme. | Supports higher current loads; requires larger inductor and output capacitor; not drop-in compatible due to different pinout and feedback behavior. | Select LM2596HV-ADJ only when >1 A output is required and board layout accommodates revised thermal and routing constraints. |
| TPS54160DGQ | 2.5–60 V input, 1.5-A output, 100–2500 kHz adjustable frequency, integrated high-side FET, and current-mode control with soft-start. | Offers programmable frequency, better light-load efficiency (Eco-mode), and smaller solution size; requires external compensation components. | Choose TPS54160DGQ for designs needing frequency flexibility, lower EMI, or improved efficiency below 100 mA load - not a pin-compatible replacement. |
Compared with LM2591HVT-ADJ, LM2596HV-ADJ delivers higher current but demands more board space and thermal management, while TPS54160DGQ provides modern control features and efficiency advantages at the cost of increased design complexity and non-interchangeable footprint.
Availability
LM2591HVT-ADJ is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial automation, automotive subsystems, and test equipment requiring stable component supply, long-lifecycle availability, and proven reliability in high-input-voltage DC-DC conversion.
Supply support for LM2591HVT-ADJ includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor company headquartered in Dallas, Texas, specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies with broad industrial, automotive, and consumer reach.
The LM2591HV series belongs to TI's SIMPLE SWITCHER® power converter family, engineered for ease-of-use in high-voltage buck applications where minimal external components, robust protection, and wide input range are critical design requirements.
FAQ
What is the maximum input voltage rating for LM2591HVT-ADJ?
The LM2591HVT-ADJ has an absolute maximum input voltage rating of 63 V, with recommended operating conditions specifying 4.5 V to 60 V. Exceeding 60 V during normal operation risks violating SOA limits and triggering thermal shutdown; sustained operation above 60 V may cause permanent damage. Always observe derating guidelines in TI's SNVS074E datasheet Section 7.1.
How do I calculate the output voltage for LM2591HVT-ADJ?
The output voltage of LM2591HVT-ADJ is set using a resistor divider from VOUT to GND, connected to the Feedback pin. The formula is VOUT = 1.23 V × (1 + R1/R2), where R2 connects Feedback to GND and R1 connects VOUT to Feedback. For example, R1 = 7.15 kΩ and R2 = 1 kΩ yields ~10 V output. Use 1% tolerance resistors for best accuracy, as specified in Figure 20 of the datasheet.
Does LM2591HVT-ADJ require an external catch diode?
Yes, LM2591HVT-ADJ requires an external Schottky or ultra-fast recovery diode connected between the Output pin and GND. This diode provides the freewheeling path for inductor current when the internal switch turns off. TI recommends a 2-A, 60-V Schottky rectifier (e.g., 21DQ06) placed close to the IC with short traces to minimize voltage spikes and EMI, as detailed in Section 10.1.4 of SNVS074E.
Can LM2591HVT-ADJ be used in a negative-output configuration?
Yes, LM2591HVT-ADJ supports positive-to-negative conversion by reconfiguring the ground and feedback connections as described in Figure 25 of the datasheet. In this inverting buck-boost topology, the IC's ground pin becomes the negative output node, and the feedback pin is referenced to system ground. Total voltage across the IC (|VIN| + |VOUT|) must not exceed 60 V to remain within absolute maximum ratings.
What is the purpose of the ON/OFF pin on LM2591HVT-ADJ?
The ON/OFF pin on LM2591HVT-ADJ provides digital enable/disable control: pulling it to ≤0.6 V enables regulation, while driving it to ≥2 V places LM2591HVT-ADJ in standby mode with ~90 μA quiescent current. The threshold is typically 1.3 V, and the pin must never exceed 25 V. This feature enables power sequencing, remote shutdown, and low-power sleep states in battery-operated systems.
LM2591HVT-ADJ Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- SIMPLE SWITCHER®
- Package/Case:
- TO-220-5 Formed Leads
- Packaging:
- Tube
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 4.5V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 60V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 1.2V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 57V
- Current - Output:
- 1A
- Frequency - Switching:
- 150kHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- No
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-220-5
LM2591HVT-ADJ FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM2591HVT-ADJ through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM2591HVT-ADJ on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM2591HVT-ADJ reliable?
The price and inventory of LM2591HVT-ADJ are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM2591HVT-ADJ is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM2591HVT-ADJ?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM2591HVT-ADJ transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM2591HVT-ADJ?
LM2591HVT-ADJ orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM2591HVT-ADJ order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM2591HVT-ADJ?
For technical support, including LM2591HVT-ADJ datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM2591HVT-ADJ requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM2591HVT-ADJ is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM2591HVT-ADJ products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM2591HVT-ADJ meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM2591HVT-ADJ?
All LM2591HVT-ADJ units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM2591HVT-ADJ, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM2591HVT-ADJ part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM2591HVT-ADJ:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
LM2591HVT-ADJ Tags
-
TPS562201DDCR
Texas Instruments
-
MC34063ABD-TR
STMicroelectronics
-
TPS561201DDCR
Texas Instruments
-
MC33063ADR
Texas Instruments
-
MC34063ADR
Texas Instruments
-
TPS560200DBVR
Texas Instruments
-
AP3012KTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
-
TLV61048DBVR
Texas Instruments
-
AZ34063UMTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
-
TPS562200DDCR
Texas Instruments
-
AP62300TWU-7
Diodes Incorporated
-
MC34063EBD-TR
STMicroelectronics
Tech Hub
A practical engineering guide to 3.3V and 5V logic compatibility, input thresholds, resistor dividers, translator ICs, MOSFET level shifting, I2C pull-ups, timing limits and power-sequencing risks.
The 74HC595 uses push-pull logic outputs, while the TPIC6B595 uses 50 V open-drain DMOS sinks for higher-power loads. This guide compares timing, current limits, 3.3 V interfacing, load wiring, thermal…
The 74HC595 converts serial data into eight stable parallel outputs. This guide covers pin functions, shift and storage timing, OE and MR behavior, drive-current limits, cascading, voltage compatibilit…
A technical comparison of level-sensitive latches and edge-triggered flip-flops, covering timing windows, setup and hold limits, master–slave operation, time borrowing, race-through, HDL inference and…
A D latch stores one bit while Enable controls when data can pass. This reference covers gate-level operation, truth tables, transparency, setup and hold timing, LE versus OE, common ICs and practical …
An SR latch stores one bit through cross-coupled feedback. This engineering reference covers NOR and NAND implementations, truth tables, forbidden-state recovery, gated operation, switch debouncing, fa…
Latch circuits retain one bit through feedback. This technical reference covers SR and D latches, truth tables, transparency, timing limits, latch-versus-flip-flop behavior, applications and common log…
An engineering guide to LED driver operation, constant-current and constant-voltage outputs, linear and switching topologies, dimming, IC selection, calculations, replacement compatibility, and fault c…
Operational amplifier guide covering op amp basics, feedback, ideal vs real op amps, common configurations, buffer circuits, offset, bias current, gain-bandwidth, slew rate, rail-to-rail limits and sel…
Jumper cables guide covering safe connection order, red and black clamp placement, final ground connection, cable gauge, length, clamp quality, copper vs CCA cables, jump starter comparison and battery…
