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Texas Instruments LM2594HVM-12
- Part No.:
- LM2594HVM-12
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package:
- 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
LM2594HVM-12.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK 12V 500MA 8SOIC
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,494
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Product details
Overview
LM2594HVM-12 from Texas Instruments is a monolithic nonsynchronous step-down (buck) DC-DC converter IC designed for high-input-voltage industrial power conversion. It delivers 0.5-A regulated 12-V output from up to 60-V input, features 150-kHz fixed-frequency operation, ±4% output voltage accuracy over line/load/temperature, and integrated thermal shutdown and current-limit protection. It is used in on-card switching regulators and as an efficient preregulator for linear supplies in harsh environments.
For engineers reviewing the LM2594HVM-12 datasheet, LM2594HVM-12 pinout, LM2594HVM-12 application, or LM2594HVM-12 equivalent, key selection criteria include its 60-V max input rating, SOIC-8 package compatibility, TTL-compatible ON/OFF control with 85-μA standby current, and requirement for only four external components - making it suitable for space-constrained, high-reliability 12-V rail generation.
Technical Context
The LM2594HVM-12 implements a voltage-mode PWM controller with internal 150-kHz oscillator, fixed-frequency operation, and internal frequency compensation. Its feedback loop senses output voltage via an internal 1.23-V reference and external resistor divider, enabling precise regulation without external compensation components.
It operates in continuous conduction mode by default but supports discontinuous mode at light loads. Protection includes two-stage current limiting (peak limit ~0.8 A) and thermal shutdown, while the ON/OFF pin provides logic-level shutdown with 1.3-V threshold and <15-μA input current - compatible with microcontroller GPIOs.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Output Voltage | Fixed 12 V ±4% over full line/load/temperature range - ensures stable downstream rail without trimming. |
| Input Voltage Range | 4.5 V to 60 V - supports wide industrial input sources including 24-V, 36-V, and 48-V systems with margin. |
| Output Current | 0.5-A DC - sufficient for powering microcontrollers, sensors, and analog circuitry in embedded systems. |
| Switching Frequency | 150 kHz ±15% - enables use of low-cost, standard off-the-shelf inductors and reduces EMI filtering complexity. |
| Quiescent Current | 140–250 μA (typ. 140 μA at 25°C) - minimizes no-load power loss in battery-backed or always-on applications. |
| Standby Current | 85 μA (ON/OFF = 5 V) - allows ultra-low-power shutdown state for system-level energy management. |
| Feedback Reference | 1.23 V (±2.5%) - sets precision for external resistor divider; enables accurate 12-V output with 1% resistors. |
| Thermal Resistance | 150 °C/W (SOIC-8) - requires minimal heatsinking in ambient ≤70°C with moderate airflow. |
Pinout & Package
LM2594HVM-12 is supplied in an 8-pin SOIC (D) surface-mount package (4.90 mm × 3.91 mm body), optimized for thermal performance and PCB layout simplicity.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1, 2, 3 | NC | No internal connection; must be soldered to PCB ground plane for thermal relief - not for signal routing. |
| 4 | Feedback (FB) | Senses output voltage via resistor divider; connects to internal 1.23-V reference comparator - determines regulation setpoint. |
| 5 | ON/OFF | TTL-compatible shutdown control; <1.3 V = ON, >1.3 V = OFF; draws <15 μA - directly drivable by MCU I/O. |
| 6 | Ground (GND) | Power and signal reference return; must be low-impedance connection to minimize noise coupling into FB and ON/OFF pins. |
| 7 | +VIN | Main input supply (4.5–60 V); requires local 68-μF tantalum or low-ESR ceramic bypass capacitor - critical for switch transient suppression. |
| 8 | Output (SW) | Internal NPN switch collector; switches between VIN−VSAT (~57 V) and −0.5 V; drives external catch diode and inductor - high dv/dt node requiring minimal copper area. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Fixed 12-V Output | Eliminates external feedback resistors - reduces BOM count, improves production yield, and guarantees ±4% regulation without calibration. |
| 60-V Input Rating (HV Version) | Enables direct regulation from unregulated industrial bus voltages (e.g., 48-V telecom, 36-V automotive battery) without pre-boost or external LDO. |
| TTL Shutdown with 85-μA Standby | Supports system-level power sequencing and sleep modes; enables <100-μA system standby when combined with low-IQ peripherals. |
| Thermal + Current Limit Protection | Two-stage current limiting (0.65–1.3 A peak) and thermal shutdown prevent damage during overload, short-circuit, or poor heatsinking - no external protection needed. |
| Four-Component Design | Requires only input cap, output cap, inductor, and catch diode - simplifies layout, accelerates prototyping, and avoids complex compensation networks. |
| 150-kHz Fixed Oscillator | Ensures predictable EMI profile and eliminates need for external timing components - improves design repeatability across production lots. |
Applications
| Industrial Sensor Node Power | Automotive Body Control Module |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Powering 12-V analog front-ends and microcontrollers in remote environmental monitoring nodes powered by 24–48-V solar-charged batteries. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary buck regulator generating clean, regulated 12-V rail from variable unregulated input; operates continuously with thermal derating at ambient up to 85°C. Use Value: Delivers 0.5-A at 88% efficiency (VIN=25 V), maintains regulation down to 4.5-V input, and withstands load transients without dropout - extending battery life and ensuring sensor accuracy. |
Use Scenario: Generating 12-V supply for CAN transceivers, window lift controllers, and lighting drivers in non-safety-critical vehicle subsystems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Pre-regulator stepping down 13.5–16-V battery voltage to stable 12-V rail; interfaces with vehicle wake-up signals via ON/OFF pin. Use Value: Withstands cold-crank pulses up to 60 V, shuts down to 85-μA during ignition-off, and resumes regulation within 100 μs after wake - meeting OEM quiescent current requirements. |
| Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) I/O Module | Test Equipment Auxiliary Supply |
|
Use Scenario: Providing isolated 12-V bias for digital I/O drivers and optocouplers in modular PLC backplanes with 24-V field power. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: On-board switching regulator replacing inefficient linear regulators; mounted directly on I/O card with minimal heatsink. Use Value: Reduces board temperature rise by >25°C vs. linear solution, supports 0.5-A peak current for relay coil drive, and meets EN 61000-4-5 surge immunity when paired with TVS on VIN. |
Use Scenario: Generating 12-V auxiliary rail for op-amp biasing, DAC references, and FPGA configuration in benchtop test instruments. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-noise, tightly regulated secondary supply; synchronized shutdown with main instrument power via ON/OFF pin. Use Value: Achieves ±4% output accuracy over −40°C to +125°C junction, exhibits <10-mVpp output ripple with proper LC filter, and enables fast power-cycle recovery for automated test sequences. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar step-down regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM2594M-12 | Standard version with 40-V max input (vs. 60 V for LM2594HVM-12); identical pinout, package, and electrical specs otherwise. | Not suitable for >40-V input rails (e.g., 48-V telecom, industrial 36-V+ systems); same thermal and efficiency performance below 40 V. | Select LM2594M-12 only if input never exceeds 40 V - lower cost, same footprint and design reuse. |
| LMR36506RDR | Synchronous buck with 3–65-V input, 0.6-A output, 2.1-MHz switching, and integrated MOSFETs - replaces external diode and improves efficiency by ~8%. | Requires different layout (smaller inductor, no catch diode), higher component cost, and lacks HV-rated ON/OFF pin (max 6-V logic). | Choose LMR36506RDR for new designs needing higher efficiency, smaller solution size, or >60-V input tolerance - not drop-in compatible. |
Compared with LM2594M-12, LM2594HVM-12 adds 20-V input headroom critical for transient-tolerant industrial systems; compared with LMR36506RDR, it offers proven reliability, simpler layout, and robust 25-V ON/OFF tolerance - making it preferable for cost-sensitive, thermally constrained, or legacy-replacement designs.
Availability
LM2594HVM-12 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial sensor nodes, automotive body control modules, and programmable logic controller (PLC) I/O modules requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and guaranteed traceable sourcing.
Supply support for LM2594HVM-12 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies, with decades of experience in high-reliability power conversion ICs.
The LM2594xx family was engineered for rugged, low-component-count DC-DC conversion in industrial, automotive, and telecom infrastructure - prioritizing ease of use, thermal robustness, and wide-input-voltage operation over ultra-high efficiency or miniaturization.
FAQ
What is the maximum input voltage rating for the LM2594HVM-12?
The LM2594HVM-12 supports a maximum input voltage of 60 V, confirmed in Section 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings and Section 7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions of the TI datasheet. This HV rating distinguishes it from the standard LM2594M-12 (40-V max) and enables direct regulation from 48-V industrial buses and automotive battery systems under load dump conditions. The device remains functional and protected up to this limit when thermal design guidelines are followed.
Does the LM2594HVM-12 require external compensation components?
No, the LM2594HVM-12 does not require external compensation components. As stated in Section 3 Description and Section 8.3.1, it features internal frequency compensation optimized for standard buck configurations using typical inductor and capacitor values. This simplifies design and eliminates tuning - users only need to select appropriate external inductor, output capacitor, input capacitor, and catch diode per the application circuits in Figures 9-1 through 9-5 of the datasheet.
What is the purpose of pins 1, 2, and 3 on the LM2594HVM-12 SOIC package?
Pins 1, 2, and 3 of the LM2594HVM-12 are no-connect (NC) terminals with no internal silicon connection, as specified in Table 6-1 Pin Functions. However, the datasheet explicitly states they "must be soldered to PCB for best heat transfer" - meaning they serve as thermal pads to conduct heat from the die to the PCB copper, improving thermal resistance by up to 20%. They must not be routed as signal traces or left floating.
Can the LM2594HVM-12 be used in an inverting (positive-to-negative) configuration?
Yes, the LM2594HVM-12 can be configured as a positive-to-negative inverting regulator, as detailed in Section 8.3.3 and Figure 8-5 of the datasheet. In this topology, the GND pin is bootstrapped to the negative output, and the FB pin is grounded - causing the IC to regulate the inverted voltage. The LM2594HVM-12's 60-V rating supports higher |VIN| + |VOUT| sums, but maximum voltage across the IC remains limited to 60 V (e.g., +24 V input → −12 V output = 36 V total stress).
What is the typical efficiency of the LM2594HVM-12 at full load?
The LM2594HVM-12 achieves 88% typical efficiency at 0.5-A load and 25-V input, per Section 7.7 Electrical Characteristics – 12 V. This value is measured under standardized test conditions (TJ = 25°C, CIN = 68 μF tantalum, COUT = 22 μF tantalum, 100-μH inductor, Schottky catch diode) and reflects real-world performance in well-designed layouts. Efficiency drops at lower input voltages (e.g., 75% at VIN = 15 V) due to higher conduction losses in the internal switch and external diode.
LM2594HVM-12 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- SIMPLE SWITCHER®
- Package/Case:
- 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tube
- Product Status:
- Not For New Designs
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Fixed
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 4.5V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 60V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 12V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- -
- Current - Output:
- 500mA
- Frequency - Switching:
- 150kHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- No
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 8-SOIC
LM2594HVM-12 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM2594HVM-12 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM2594HVM-12 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM2594HVM-12 reliable?
The price and inventory of LM2594HVM-12 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM2594HVM-12 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM2594HVM-12?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM2594HVM-12 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM2594HVM-12?
LM2594HVM-12 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM2594HVM-12 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM2594HVM-12?
For technical support, including LM2594HVM-12 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM2594HVM-12 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM2594HVM-12 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM2594HVM-12 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM2594HVM-12 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM2594HVM-12?
All LM2594HVM-12 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM2594HVM-12, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM2594HVM-12 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM2594HVM-12:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
LM2594HVM-12 Tags
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