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onsemi LM2931T-5.0
- Part No.:
- LM2931T-5.0
- Manufacturer:
- onsemi
- Package:
- TO-220-3
- Datasheet:
-
LM2931T-5.0.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG LINEAR 5V 100MA TO220AB
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,598
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Product details
Overview
LM2931T-5.0 from onsemi is a fixed-output 5.0 V low-dropout (LDO) linear voltage regulator in TO-220 package, rated for 100 mA output current, 0.16 V dropout at 100 mA, ±5.0% output voltage tolerance, and 60 V load dump protection - designed for automotive and industrial battery-powered systems requiring robust fault resilience.
For engineers reviewing the LM2931T-5.0 datasheet, pinout, applications, or equivalent options, key selection considerations include input voltage range (6.0–26 V), thermal shutdown behavior, reverse polarity survival (−50 V), bias current (0.4 mA typ. at 10 mA load), and compatibility with electrolytic/tantalum output capacitors for stability.
Technical Context
The LM2931T-5.0 employs a PNP pass transistor architecture enabling ultra-low dropout voltage and high line/load regulation performance. Its internal circuit integrates overvoltage shutdown (26–40 V threshold), reverse transient protection, and mirror-image insertion tolerance - all without external components.
It operates across −40 °C to +125 °C ambient temperature and features internally limited power dissipation with RθJC = 5.0 °C/W (TO-220 case), supporting heatsink mounting via Pin 2 (GND). Stability requires an external output capacitor (≥10 µF, ESR ≤ 0.3 Ω) and optional input bypass if >4″ from source.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Output Voltage | 5.0 V ±5.0% (guaranteed over −40 °C to +125 °C, 6.0–26 V input, ≤100 mA load) |
| Dropout Voltage | 0.16 V max at 100 mA (enables regulation down to VIN = 5.16 V; critical for battery end-of-life operation) |
| Load Dump Protection | Withstands 60 V transients ≤100 ms (meets ISO 7637-2 Pulse 5a for automotive 12 V systems) |
| Bias Current | 0.4 mA typical at 10 mA output (extends battery life in always-on monitoring circuits) |
| Ripple Rejection | 60 dB min at 120 Hz (suppresses alternator ripple in vehicle power rails) |
| Thermal Shutdown | Activates at +150 °C junction temperature (prevents damage during sustained overload or poor heatsinking) |
| Reverse Polarity Survival | Withstands −50 V input (survives accidental battery reversal in service environments) |
Pinout & Package
LM2931T-5.0 uses the TO-220 package (Case 221AB), with heatsink surface electrically connected to Pin 2 (Ground). The device is mounted vertically with Pin 2 as thermal and electrical reference.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Input | Unregulated DC input (6.0–26 V); must be bypassed with ≥0.1 µF ceramic capacitor if >4″ from filter) |
| 2 | Ground | Power ground and thermal pad connection; mandatory for heatsink mounting and thermal management |
| 3 | Output | Regulated 5.0 V output; requires ≥10 µF output capacitor (electrolytic or tantalum, ESR ≤ 0.3 Ω) for stability |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Low Dropout Architecture | 0.16 V dropout at full 100 mA enables use with single-cell LiFePO₄ or depleted lead-acid batteries |
| Automotive-Grade Fault Protection | Integrated 60 V load dump, −50 V reverse polarity, and mirror-image insertion tolerance eliminate need for external TVS or diodes |
| Thermal Robustness | RθJC = 5.0 °C/W allows >2 W dissipation with modest heatsinking - sufficient for 12 V→5 V conversion at 100 mA |
| Stable with Standard Capacitors | Compatible with low-cost aluminum electrolytic (≥10 µF) and solid tantalum (≥22 µF) output caps - no special low-ESR requirement |
| Wide Temperature Operation | Specified from −40 °C to +125 °C ambient supports under-hood and industrial control cabinet deployment |
Applications
| Automotive Body Control Module (BCM) | Industrial Handheld Data Logger |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Powering microcontroller, CAN transceiver, and sensor interface in 12 V vehicle electrical system subject to load dump and cold cranking. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary 5 V LDO supplying logic rails; acts as fault-isolating front-end regulator before downstream DC-DC converters. Use Value: Eliminates need for external 60 V TVS diode and reverse-polarity protection MOSFET, reducing BOM count and PCB area by ≥3 components. | Use Scenario: Battery-powered field instrument operating 24/7 on lithium primary cells with gradual voltage decay from 3.6 V to 2.7 V. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Stable 5 V supply for ADC, real-time clock, and SD card interface during deep discharge conditions. Use Value: 0.16 V dropout ensures regulation until battery reaches 5.16 V input - extends usable runtime by ~18% vs. standard 2 V dropout regulators. |
| Medical Point-of-Care Monitor | Smart Building Sensor Node |
Use Scenario: Portable diagnostic device powered by rechargeable Li-ion pack, requiring ESD-hardened, low-noise 5 V rail for analog front-end and display driver. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-noise (700 µVRMS) post-regulator delivering clean 5 V to precision signal chain and touch controller. Use Value: Integrated ESD protection (2 kV HBM) and <0.3 Ω output impedance suppress noise coupling into sensitive analog measurements. | Use Scenario: Wireless environmental sensor node deployed in HVAC ducts, exposed to wide ambient swings (−25 °C to +70 °C) and intermittent 24 V AC/DC adapter input. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Input-tolerant 5 V regulator accepting fluctuating 24 V supply with surge suppression and thermal foldback. Use Value: Survives 60 V line transients from relay switching and shuts down safely at +150 °C - prevents field failures in unventilated enclosures. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar LDO regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCV2931T-5.0 | AEC-Q100 qualified, tighter −40 °C to +125 °C temp range guarantee, same pinout and electrical specs | Required for automotive production programs needing PPAP documentation and zero-defect reliability | Select NCV2931T-5.0 when automotive qualification or extended temperature validation is mandated. |
| LM2940CT-5.0 | Higher dropout (0.5 V @ 100 mA), lower PSRR (50 dB), no load dump protection, TO-220 package | Suitable for non-automotive industrial use where fault transients are absent and input headroom >0.5 V is available | Choose LM2940CT-5.0 only if cost sensitivity outweighs fault protection needs and input voltage margin exceeds 0.5 V. |
Compared with LM2931T-5.0, NCV2931T-5.0 adds automotive qualification without trade-offs, while LM2940CT-5.0 sacrifices fault resilience and efficiency for legacy compatibility - making LM2931T-5.0 the optimal balance of ruggedness, efficiency, and cost for harsh-environment LDO applications.
Availability
LM2931T-5.0 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive body electronics, industrial handheld instrumentation, medical point-of-care devices, and smart building sensor nodes requiring stable component supply with guaranteed long-term availability.
Supply support for LM2931T-5.0 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
onsemi (formerly ON Semiconductor) is a global semiconductor supplier specializing in energy-efficient power management, analog, sensors, and connectivity solutions for automotive, industrial, and cloud infrastructure markets.
The LM2931 series was engineered specifically for automotive and industrial environments demanding survivability against load dump, reverse battery, and thermal stress - delivering regulated 5 V output with minimal external components.
FAQ
What is the maximum input voltage the LM2931T-5.0 can withstand during load dump events?
The LM2931T-5.0 is rated for 60 V transient input voltage (≤100 ms duration), per ISO 7637-2 Pulse 5a requirements. This allows it to survive automotive load dump without external clamping components. Continuous input voltage must remain ≤40 V, and the device will shut down safely if junction temperature exceeds +150 °C during sustained overvoltage exposure. LM2931T-5.0's integrated protection eliminates need for discrete TVS diodes in most 12 V system designs.
Does the LM2931T-5.0 require an external output capacitor, and what type is recommended?
Yes, the LM2931T-5.0 requires an external output capacitor for stability - minimum 10 µF aluminum electrolytic or 22 µF solid tantalum, with ESR ≤ 0.3 Ω. The datasheet specifies that |ZO| must not exceed 0.4 Ω across temperature. LM2931T-5.0 is not internally compensated; omitting the capacitor or using undersized/low-ESR ceramics causes oscillation. For automotive use, extended-temperature electrolytics (−40 °C to +105 °C) are preferred over standard types.
What is the dropout voltage of the LM2931T-5.0 at 100 mA output current?
The dropout voltage of the LM2931T-5.0 is 0.16 V maximum at 100 mA output current and 25 °C, per Electrical Characteristics table. At −40 °C, it increases slightly but remains ≤0.2 V. This enables regulation down to VIN = 5.16 V, making LM2931T-5.0 suitable for battery-powered systems where input voltage decays near the regulated output level.
Is the LM2931T-5.0 pin-compatible with other TO-220 LDO regulators like the LM7805?
No, LM2931T-5.0 is not pin-compatible with LM7805 or other legacy 78xx-series TO-220 regulators. LM2931T-5.0 uses Pin 1=Input, Pin 2=GND (heatsink), Pin 3=Output, whereas LM7805 uses Pin 1=Input, Pin 2=GND, Pin 3=Output - same pin numbering but different thermal design (LM2931T-5.0 ties heatsink to GND). Direct replacement requires PCB layout revision to accommodate GND-connected tab and updated capacitor placement.
What is the typical bias current consumption of the LM2931T-5.0 under light-load conditions?
The LM2931T-5.0 draws 0.4 mA typical bias current at 10 mA output and −40 °C to +125 °C, rising to 1.0 mA maximum. At 100 mA load, bias current is 5.8 mA typical. This low quiescent current makes LM2931T-5.0 well-suited for always-on subsystems in battery-powered equipment, where standby power budget is constrained. Bias current is specified separately from load current and flows continuously from input to ground.
LM2931T-5.0 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- onsemi
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- TO-220-3
- Packaging:
- Tube
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Output Type:
- Fixed
- Number of Regulators:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 26V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 5V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- -
- Voltage Dropout (Max):
- 0.6V @ 100mA
- Current - Output:
- 100mA
- Current - Quiescent (Iq):
- 1 mA
- Current - Supply (Max):
- 30 mA
- PSRR:
- 90dB (120Hz)
- Control Features:
- -
- Protection Features:
- Over Current, Over Temperature
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-220
LM2931T-5.0 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM2931T-5.0 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM2931T-5.0 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM2931T-5.0 reliable?
The price and inventory of LM2931T-5.0 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM2931T-5.0 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM2931T-5.0?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM2931T-5.0 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM2931T-5.0?
LM2931T-5.0 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM2931T-5.0 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM2931T-5.0?
For technical support, including LM2931T-5.0 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM2931T-5.0 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM2931T-5.0 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM2931T-5.0 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM2931T-5.0 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM2931T-5.0?
All LM2931T-5.0 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM2931T-5.0, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM2931T-5.0 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM2931T-5.0:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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