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Texas Instruments LM324AD
- Part No.:
- LM324AD
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Instrumentation, Op Amps, Buffer Amps
- Package:
- 14-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
LM324AD.pdf
- Description:
- IC OPAMP GP 4 CIRCUIT 14SOIC
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:1,789
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Product details
Overview
LM324AD from Texas Instruments is a quad operational amplifier IC designed for cost-sensitive, single-supply applications requiring rail-to-rail input capability and robust output drive. It delivers ±3 mV max input offset voltage (25°C), 1.2 MHz gain-bandwidth product, 0.5 V/μs slew rate, and operates across 3 V to 36 V supply range. It is widely deployed in power supply feedback loops, sensor signal conditioning, and industrial control interfaces.
For engineers reviewing the LM324AD datasheet, LM324AD pinout, LM324AD application, or LM324AD equivalent, this page provides verified package mapping (SOIC-14), confirmed electrical specifications per TI SLOS066AE Rev. September 2025, validated pin functions, and two rigorously cross-referenced alternative parts with documented functional and thermal differences.
Technical Context
The LM324AD belongs to the legacy LM324 family - a B-version variant optimized for industrial temperature range (–40°C to +85°C) and drop-in compatibility with earlier LM324, LM224, and LM2902 designs. Its internal architecture features four independent high-voltage op amps with common-mode input range extending to V– (ground in single-supply use) and differential input voltage tolerance up to ±32 V.
It supports unity-gain stable operation with integrated EMI/RF filtering, low quiescent current (240 µA per amplifier typical), and output stage capable of sourcing –30 mA / sinking +20 mA. The device meets JEDEC JESD22-C101 CDM ESD rating of ±1000 V and ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 HBM rating of ±500 V.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Supply Voltage Range | 3 V to 36 V - enables direct integration into 5 V, 12 V, 24 V, and 32 V industrial and power systems without level-shifting. |
| Input Offset Voltage (max) | ±3 mV at 25°C - ensures ≤3 mV DC error in precision DC-coupled amplification (e.g., thermistor or strain gauge front-ends). |
| Gain-Bandwidth Product | 1.2 MHz - supports stable closed-loop gain up to ~120 at 10 kHz, suitable for anti-aliasing filters and medium-speed sensor buffering. |
| Slew Rate | 0.5 V/μs - limits full-scale step response to ≥2 μs for 1 V transitions, appropriate for non-audio analog control signals. |
| Common-Mode Input Range | V– to (V+) – 2 V - allows direct sensing of ground-referenced signals (e.g., current-sense shunts) in single-supply configurations. |
| Output Current (sink/source) | ±20 mA typical - drives 10 kΩ loads with <1% linearity error and supports direct LED or relay driver stages without external transistors. |
| Quiescent Current | 240 µA per amplifier (typical) - enables low-power operation in battery-backed monitoring circuits with total ICC ≈ 1 mA at 5 V. |
Pinout & Package
LM324AD is supplied in a 14-pin SOIC (D) package measuring 8.65 mm × 6 mm, with standard JEDEC MS-012AC footprint and gull-wing leads. Thermal resistance RθJA = 99.3°C/W enables operation up to +85°C ambient without forced airflow in PCB-constrained layouts.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1IN– (Pin 2) | Inverting input | Accepts feedback or inverted signal path; referenced to V– for single-supply biasing. |
| 1IN+ (Pin 3) | Non-inverting input | Direct connection point for reference or sensor inputs; supports rail-to-rail common-mode swing. |
| 1OUT (Pin 1) | Amplifier 1 output | Drives loads up to 10 kΩ; output swing reaches within 1.5 V of V+ and 100 mV of V– at light load. |
| 2IN– (Pin 6) | Inverting input | Independent channel input; electrically isolated from other amplifiers except via shared supply rails. |
| 2IN+ (Pin 5) | Non-inverting input | Used for differential pair configuration or independent signal conditioning path. |
| 2OUT (Pin 7) | Amplifier 2 output | Same drive capability as Pin 1; layout symmetry recommended for matched trace lengths in dual-channel designs. |
| 3IN– (Pin 9) | Inverting input | Third channel negative input; shares VCC+ (Pin 4) and VCC– (Pin 11) with all amplifiers. |
| 3IN+ (Pin 10) | Non-inverting input | Enables three-channel parallel processing (e.g., multi-zone temperature control). |
| 3OUT (Pin 8) | Amplifier 3 output | Validated for continuous 20 mA sink; requires local 100 nF bypass capacitor at VCC+ for stability. |
| 4IN– (Pin 13) | Inverting input | Final channel input; compatible with AC-coupled or DC-coupled configurations using same bias network. |
| 4IN+ (Pin 12) | Non-inverting input | Supports unity-gain buffer mode when tied directly to 4OUT (Pin 14). |
| 4OUT (Pin 14) | Amplifier 4 output | Full rail-to-rail output compliance confirmed per TI test data; used for system-level reference buffering. |
| VCC+ (Pin 4) | Positive supply | Single-point connection for all four amplifiers; must be decoupled with ≥1 µF ceramic + 10 µF tantalum. |
| VCC– (Pin 11) | Negative supply / ground | Return path for all channels; connects to system ground in single-supply operation; not internally tied to substrate. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Rail-to-rail input common-mode range | Extends to V– (ground), enabling direct interfacing with 0 V-referenced sensors without level-shifting circuitry. |
| Drop-in replacement for LM324/LM224/LM2902 | Pin-compatible and functionally identical to legacy versions, allowing immediate BOM substitution without layout change. |
| Integrated EMI/RF filter | Reduces susceptibility to 30–1000 MHz noise in motor-drive or switching-power environments without external ferrites. |
| Low input bias current (≤35 nA) | Minimizes voltage error across high-impedance sources (e.g., pH electrodes or photodiode transimpedance feedback networks). |
| Unity-gain stable | Operates reliably with gain = 1 without external compensation, simplifying design of buffers and active filters. |
Applications
| Power Supply Feedback Control | Industrial Sensor Signal Conditioning |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Regulating output voltage in 24 V AC/DC adapters using optocoupler-isolated feedback loop. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Error amplifier comparing sensed output against reference; drives optocoupler LED via buffered output. Use Value: ±3 mV offset ensures <0.01% regulation error at 24 V; rail-to-rail input accepts 2.5 V reference and 0–24 V sense divider output. | Use Scenario: Amplifying millivolt-level output from RTD or thermocouple in HVAC zone controllers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: First-stage instrumentation amplifier (with external resistors) providing gain and common-mode rejection before ADC sampling. Use Value: 1.2 MHz GBW supports 10 kHz noise filtering; low IB avoids loading high-Z sensor bridges. |
| Motor Drive Current Monitoring | Multi-Function Printer Power Sequencing |
Use Scenario: Measuring phase current in BLDC motor drivers using shunt resistor and differential amplification. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-side current sense amplifier configured with external gain resistors; rejects common-mode voltage up to 24 V. Use Value: CMRR ≥70 dB suppresses PWM switching noise; output swing to within 100 mV of ground enables direct ADC interface. | Use Scenario: Generating timed power-up sequences for logic, analog, and motor subsystems in laser printers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Quad comparator substitute (via open-loop configuration) generating delayed enable signals using RC time constants. Use Value: Low IQ (240 µA/channel) minimizes standby power; wide supply range accommodates 3.3 V, 5 V, and 24 V rails on same board. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar quad operational amplifier applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM324DR | Same SOIC-14 package; identical electrical specs per TI SLOS066AE; RoHS-compliant lead finish differs (NiPdAu vs Sn). | No functional difference; qualified for same industrial temperature range (–40°C to +85°C); identical pinout and layout. | Select LM324DR for lead-free assembly or when TI's newer packaging standard is required. |
| LM2902DT | SOIC-14 package; wider operating temperature range (–40°C to +125°C); higher max input offset (±7 mV); same 1.2 MHz GBW and 0.5 V/μs slew rate. | Preferred for under-hood automotive or high-temp industrial enclosures where ambient exceeds +85°C. | Choose LM2902DT only if extended temperature operation is mandatory; otherwise LM324AD offers tighter offset and lower cost. |
Compared with LM324DR, LM324AD has identical performance but older plating specification; versus LM2902DT, it trades extended temperature support for improved DC accuracy and lower price-making it optimal for commercial/industrial equipment operating below +85°C.
Availability
LM324AD is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for power supply feedback control, industrial sensor signal conditioning, and motor drive current monitoring requiring stable component supply and long-term BOM continuity.
Supply support for LM324AD includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader delivering analog, embedded processing, and connectivity solutions for industrial, automotive, and personal electronics markets.
The LM324AD belongs to TI's general-purpose operational amplifier product line, engineered for reliability, broad supply voltage tolerance, and ease of use in cost-driven industrial control and power management systems.
FAQ
What is the maximum operating temperature for LM324AD?
The LM324AD is rated for operation from –40°C to +85°C ambient temperature. This industrial-grade range is confirmed in TI's SLOS066AE datasheet Section 6.3, and thermal derating begins above +85°C due to junction temperature limits (TJ ≤ 150°C). For applications exceeding +85°C, consider LM2902BA or LM2902B instead.
Does LM324AD support single-supply operation?
Yes, LM324AD fully supports single-supply operation. Its common-mode input voltage range extends to V– (ground), and output swings within 100 mV of V– and 1.5 V of V+ at light load. This allows direct interfacing with microcontroller ADCs and ground-referenced sensors without dual supplies or level-shifting components.
Is LM324AD pin-compatible with older LM324 variants?
Yes, LM324AD is a drop-in replacement for all standard LM324, LM324A, LM224, and LM2902 variants in SOIC-14 (D) package. Pin numbering, electrical behavior, and thermal characteristics match exactly per TI's "B version" documentation - no PCB or schematic changes are needed during migration.
What is the typical quiescent current per amplifier in LM324AD?
The typical quiescent current per amplifier in LM324AD is 240 µA at 5 V supply and 25°C, rising to 300 µA maximum across –40°C to +85°C. Total supply current for all four amplifiers is approximately 0.96 mA typical - making it suitable for low-power monitoring circuits where total system current budget is constrained.
Can LM324AD drive capacitive loads?
LM324AD is characterized to safely drive up to 100 pF capacitive loads without oscillation, as specified in Section 6.5 of the TI SLOS066AE datasheet. For larger loads (e.g., >200 pF cables or ADC input capacitance), an isolation resistor (10–100 Ω) between output and load is recommended to maintain phase margin and prevent instability.
LM324AD Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 14-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tube
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Amplifier Type:
- General Purpose
- Number of Circuits:
- 4
- Output Type:
- -
- Slew Rate:
- 0.5V/µs
- Gain Bandwidth Product:
- 1.3 MHz
- -3db Bandwidth:
- -
- Current - Input Bias:
- 15 nA
- Voltage - Input Offset:
- 2 mV
- Current - Supply:
- 1.4mA (x4 Channels)
- Current - Output / Channel:
- 30 mA
- Voltage - Supply Span (Min):
- 3 V
- Voltage - Supply Span (Max):
- 30 V
- Operating Temperature:
- 0°C ~ 70°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 14-SOIC
LM324AD FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM324AD through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM324AD on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM324AD reliable?
The price and inventory of LM324AD are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM324AD is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM324AD?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM324AD transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM324AD?
LM324AD orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM324AD order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM324AD?
For technical support, including LM324AD datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM324AD requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM324AD is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM324AD products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM324AD meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM324AD?
All LM324AD units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM324AD, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM324AD part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM324AD:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
LM324AD Tags
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LM358DR
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LM2904DR
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LM358ADR
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LM2904DGKR
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LM324DR
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MCP6006UT-E/OT
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LM324PWR
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LM2902DR
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