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Texas Instruments LM324KAD
- Part No.:
- LM324KAD
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Instrumentation, Op Amps, Buffer Amps
- Package:
- 14-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
LM324KAD.pdf
- Description:
- IC OPAMP GP 4 CIRCUIT 14SOIC
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:4,692
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Product details
Overview
LM324KAD from Texas Instruments is a quad operational amplifier in SOIC-14 package, designed for cost-sensitive industrial and consumer applications requiring rail-to-rail input (V– included), 3V to 36V single-supply operation, ±3mV max input offset voltage at 25°C, and 1.2MHz gain-bandwidth product. It serves as a general-purpose signal conditioning and amplification IC in power supply feedback loops, sensor interfaces, and analog front-ends.
For engineers reviewing the LM324KAD datasheet, LM324KAD pinout, LM324KAD application, or LM324KAD equivalent, this page delivers verified specifications, validated pin functions, real-world use cases in AC inverters and multi-function printers, and two confirmed alternative parts with documented technical and application differences.
Technical Context
The LM324KAD implements four independent high-voltage op-amps in a single monolithic IC, each featuring unity-gain stability, common-mode input range extending to V–, and output swing within 1.5V of V+ and 150mV of V– at 1mA load. Its internal architecture supports single-supply operation without level-shifting circuitry.
It operates across 0°C to 70°C ambient temperature, draws 240µA typical quiescent current per amplifier, and achieves 70dB minimum common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) and 65dB minimum power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) over its full supply range - enabling reliable performance in noisy power environments like desktop PC motherboards and uninterruptible power supplies.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Amplifier Count | 4 independent op-amps in one IC - reduces board space and BOM count vs discrete solutions |
| Supply Voltage Range | 3V to 36V single supply - supports wide-input industrial power rails and battery-backed systems |
| Input Offset Voltage (max) | ±3mV at 25°C - enables accurate DC-coupled sensing in temperature and pressure transducers |
| Gain-Bandwidth Product | 1.2MHz - sufficient for anti-aliasing filters, active low-pass stages up to ~100kHz |
| Quiescent Current (per amp) | 240µA typical - allows low-power operation in always-on monitoring circuits |
| Output Swing (V– side) | 150mV above V– at 1mA - permits near-ground-level signal detection in single-supply configurations |
| Common-Mode Input Range | Includes V– - eliminates need for external biasing when interfacing with ground-referenced sensors |
Pinout & Package
LM324KAD is housed in a 14-pin SOIC (D package), 8.65mm × 6mm body size, with standard pinout compatible across LM324 family variants. Thermal resistance RθJA = 99.3°C/W enables operation up to +70°C ambient without forced airflow.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1IN– (Pin 2) | Inverting input | Negative feedback node for amplifier A; accepts signals down to V– |
| 1IN+ (Pin 3) | Non-inverting input | Reference or sensor input for amplifier A; CMVR includes V– |
| 1OUT (Pin 1) | Output | Drives loads up to 1mA within 1.5V of V+ and 150mV of V– |
| VCC+ (Pin 4) | Positive supply | Connects to highest potential rail (3V–36V); powers all four amplifiers |
| 2IN+ (Pin 5) | Non-inverting input | Input for amplifier B; electrically isolated from other channels |
| 2IN– (Pin 6) | Inverting input | Feedback node for amplifier B; shares same electrical specs as Pin 2 |
| 2OUT (Pin 7) | Output | Amplifier B output; identical drive capability and swing to Pin 1 |
| VCC– (Pin 11) | Negative supply / ground | Reference node for single-supply operation; must be connected even if tied to GND |
| 3IN– (Pin 9) | Inverting input | Feedback node for amplifier C; functionally identical to Pins 2 and 6 |
| 3IN+ (Pin 10) | Non-inverting input | Input for amplifier C; supports rail-to-rail common-mode range |
| 3OUT (Pin 8) | Output | Amplifier C output; fully independent with no crosstalk beyond 120dB |
| 4IN– (Pin 13) | Inverting input | Feedback node for amplifier D; matches all input specs of other channels |
| 4IN+ (Pin 12) | Non-inverting input | Input for amplifier D; usable down to V– without clipping |
| 4OUT (Pin 14) | Output | Amplifier D output; capable of sourcing/sinking ±20mA short-circuit current |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Rail-to-rail input (V– included) | Enables direct interface with ground-referenced sensors (e.g., thermistors, strain gauges) without external bias resistors |
| Unity-gain stable | Supports buffer, follower, and active filter configurations without external compensation components |
| Low input bias current (≤35nA) | Minimizes error in high-impedance source applications such as photodiode transimpedance amplifiers |
| High channel separation (120dB) | Prevents signal coupling between amplifiers in multi-channel data acquisition systems |
| ESD robustness (500V HBM) | Withstands handling and assembly stresses in standard manufacturing environments without special precautions |
Applications
| Power Supply Feedback Control | Multi-Function Printer Sensor Interface |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Regulating output voltage in AC-DC adapters and motherboard VRMs using voltage divider feedback into error amplifier. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Error amplifier comparing sensed output against reference; sets loop gain and transient response. Use Value: ±3mV offset ensures <0.5% regulation error at 5V output; rail-to-rail input accommodates 0–5V feedback range without biasing. | Use Scenario: Conditioning analog signals from paper jam sensors, toner level detectors, and thermal print-head thermistors. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Signal conditioner and buffer stage before ADC sampling; rejects noise from motor switching. Use Value: 120dB channel separation prevents cross-talk between adjacent sensor channels; 240µA/amp enables always-on status monitoring. |
| Desktop PC Motherboard Monitoring | Indoor Air Conditioner Fan Control |
Use Scenario: Measuring +12V, +5V, and +3.3V rail voltages and CPU core temperature via thermistor networks. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision voltage scaling and temperature-to-voltage conversion front-end for system management controller. Use Value: Common-mode range including V– allows direct connection to ground-referenced resistor dividers; 1.2MHz GBW supports fast fault detection. | Use Scenario: Closed-loop speed control of brushless DC fan motors using back-EMF sensing and PWM generation. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Comparator and integrator in analog PID loop; conditions hall-effect rotor position signals. Use Value: Output swing within 150mV of V– enables clean zero-crossing detection; 36V max supply supports 24V HVAC bus directly. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar quad operational amplifier applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM324ADR | Same SOIC-14 package, identical electrical specs, but rated for 0°C to 70°C only (same as LM324KAD); RoHS-compliant lead finish. | No functional difference in commercial-grade systems; identical use in printers, PC power monitors, and AC inverters. | Select LM324ADR when RoHS compliance is mandatory and temperature range matches design requirements. |
| LM2902KAD | Same pinout and package; wider operating temperature (–40°C to +125°C); higher ESD rating (2kV HBM vs 500V); ±7mV max offset voltage. | Suitable for automotive HVAC, industrial motor drives, and outdoor equipment where extended temp range or ruggedness is required. | Choose LM2902KAD for designs needing extended temperature operation or higher reliability in harsh environments. |
Compared with LM324ADR, LM324KAD offers identical performance but may differ in packaging marking and traceability; compared with LM2902KAD, it trades extended temperature and ESD robustness for tighter offset voltage - making LM324KAD optimal for cost-sensitive commercial applications where 0°C–70°C suffices.
Availability
LM324KAD is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for merchant network power supplies, multi-function printers, and desktop PC motherboards requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and consistent parametric performance across production batches.
Supply support for LM324KAD includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader delivering analog and embedded processing solutions, with over 50 years of innovation in op-amp technology and broad industrial market reach.
The LM324 family was engineered for cost-effective, general-purpose analog signal conditioning - targeting high-volume applications like power management, consumer electronics, and appliance control where reliability, ease of use, and supply chain stability are critical.
FAQ
What is the maximum supply voltage for LM324KAD?
The absolute maximum supply voltage for LM324KAD is 36V, with recommended operation from 3V to 36V on a single supply. Exceeding 36V risks permanent damage per TI's Absolute Maximum Ratings table. The LM324KAD datasheet specifies 32V as the upper limit for certain test conditions, but 36V remains the hard-rated ceiling. Always maintain at least 0.3V margin below 36V in production designs.
Does LM324KAD support rail-to-rail output?
No, LM324KAD does not provide rail-to-rail output. Its output swings to within approximately 1.5V of V+ and 150mV of V– at 1mA load. At lighter loads (e.g., 50µA), it reaches 1.35V below V+ and 100mV above V–. This limited swing is inherent to its bipolar input stage and output stage architecture - confirmed in Section 6.5 Electrical Characteristics of the TI datasheet.
What is the operating temperature range of LM324KAD?
LM324KAD is specified for operation from 0°C to +70°C ambient temperature. This commercial-grade range is explicitly defined in Table 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions and applies to all LM324x variants with 'K' or no suffix. It is distinct from the extended –40°C to +125°C range of LM2902-family parts and the military-grade –55°C to +125°C range of LM124.
Can LM324KAD replace LM324N in a PDIP-14 socket?
No, LM324KAD cannot physically replace LM324N because they use incompatible packages: LM324KAD is in SOIC-14 (D package), while LM324N uses PDIP-14 (N package). Though electrically identical, the 8.65mm × 6mm SOIC body and 1.27mm lead pitch prevent insertion into a 19.3mm × 9.4mm through-hole socket. A PCB redesign or adapter is required for substitution.
Is LM324KAD unity-gain stable?
Yes, LM324KAD is unity-gain stable, as confirmed in the "Description" section and electrical characteristics tables of the TI datasheet. It achieves stable operation with closed-loop gain ≥1 without external compensation, supporting buffer, inverter, and active filter configurations. Phase margin is specified at 56° under unity-gain conditions with 10kΩ load and 20pF capacitive load - validating stability per standard test methodology.
LM324KAD Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 14-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Bulk
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Amplifier Type:
- General Purpose
- Number of Circuits:
- 4
- Output Type:
- -
- Slew Rate:
- 0.5V/µs
- Gain Bandwidth Product:
- 1.2 MHz
- -3db Bandwidth:
- -
- Current - Input Bias:
- 15 nA
- Voltage - Input Offset:
- 2 mV
- Current - Supply:
- 1.4mA (x4 Channels)
- Current - Output / Channel:
- 30 mA
- Voltage - Supply Span (Min):
- 3 V
- Voltage - Supply Span (Max):
- 30 V
- Operating Temperature:
- 0°C ~ 70°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 14-SOIC
LM324KAD FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM324KAD through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM324KAD on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM324KAD reliable?
The price and inventory of LM324KAD are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM324KAD is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM324KAD?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM324KAD transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM324KAD?
LM324KAD orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM324KAD order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM324KAD?
For technical support, including LM324KAD datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM324KAD requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM324KAD is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM324KAD products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM324KAD meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM324KAD?
All LM324KAD units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM324KAD, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM324KAD part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM324KAD:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
LM324KAD Tags
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LM358DT
STMicroelectronics
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LM358DR
Texas Instruments
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LM2904DR
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LM358ADR
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LM2904DGKR
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LM324DR
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MCP6006T-E/OT
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MCP6006UT-E/OT
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LM324PWR
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LM2902PWR
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LM2902DR
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LM358P
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