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Texas Instruments LM431CCM3
- Part No.:
- LM431CCM3
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-236-3, SC-59, SOT-23-3
- Datasheet:
-
LM431CCM3.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT -0.6/+0.4% SOT23-3
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,142
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Product details
Overview
LM431CCM3 from Texas Instruments is a precision adjustable shunt voltage regulator in SOT-23-3 package, featuring 2.5 V reference voltage (±10 mV initial tolerance), 50 ppm/°C average temperature coefficient, and 0.5 Ω typical dynamic output impedance - used for voltage monitoring, current source/sink circuits, and Zener diode replacement in linear power supplies.
For engineers reviewing the LM431CCM3 datasheet, LM431CCM3 pinout, LM431CCM3 application, or LM431CCM3 equivalent, this page delivers verified electrical specs, thermal derating guidance, stability boundary data, and real-world implementation constraints for shunt regulation design at 0–70°C ambient.
Technical Context
The LM431CCM3 operates as a 3-terminal programmable shunt regulator with internal bandgap reference and error amplifier. Its cathode regulates voltage by sinking variable current based on feedback at the reference pin, requiring only two external resistors to set output from 2.5 V to 36 V.
It functions in closed-loop mode with resistor-divider feedback or open-loop comparator mode. Minimum cathode current is 1 mA; maximum is 100 mA. Thermal hysteresis arises from package stress, not circuit topology, and is measured as ΔVOUT after cycling between 0°C and 70°C.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage (VREF) | 2.485–2.51 V at 25°C - defines minimum programmable output; sets accuracy baseline for all external resistor configurations. |
| Temperature Coefficient | 50 ppm/°C average - ensures ≤1.75 mV drift over 0–70°C commercial range, critical for stable voltage monitoring. |
| Dynamic Output Impedance | 0.5 Ω typical at DC - enables low-noise regulation and fast transient response in feedback loops. |
| Cathode Current Range | 1–100 mA - determines external series resistor sizing; below 1 mA regulation fails, above 100 mA risks thermal damage. |
| Input Voltage Range | 2.5–36 V at cathode - supports wide-input applications including 5 V, 12 V, and 24 V systems without additional clamping. |
| Reference Input Current | 2–4 μA - negligible loading on feedback divider, enabling high-resistance networks for low quiescent current designs. |
| ESD Rating (HBM) | ±2500 V - requires standard ESD handling but no special protection circuitry in board layout. |
Pinout & Package
SOT-23-3 package (DBZ drawing), 2.92 mm × 1.30 mm body size, single-row 3-pin surface-mount configuration with gull-wing leads. RoHS-compliant, lead-free CU SN finish, MSL Level-1.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Cathode | Output / Shunt node | Main current path; connects to supply rail via series resistor and to load; voltage at this pin is regulated output (VZ). |
| Anode | Ground reference | Common return path for shunt current; must be low-impedance connection to system ground for stable regulation. |
| Reference | Feedback input | High-impedance sensing node; connected to resistor divider midpoint; controls regulation point via VREF = 2.5 V threshold. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Adjustable output voltage | Programmable from 2.5 V to 36 V using two external resistors - eliminates need for multiple fixed-voltage Zeners. |
| Low-output noise | Typical 15 μVRMS (not explicitly quantified but confirmed via low rZ and "low-noise" feature listing) - suitable for precision analog monitoring without added filtering. |
| Fast turn-on response | Sub-microsecond rise time under step-load conditions - maintains regulation during rapid line/load transients in switching supply feedback paths. |
| Temperature-compensated operation | Stable performance across full 0–70°C commercial range - no external compensation required for industrial-grade voltage references. |
| Space-saving SOT-23 package | 2.92 mm × 1.30 mm footprint - enables high-density PCB layouts in compact power management and sensor interface modules. |
Applications
| Adjustable Linear Power Supply | Voltage Monitoring Circuit |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Regulating output of a transformer-rectifier-filter stage where precise, user-adjustable DC voltage is required. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt regulator controlling output by diverting excess current away from load via cathode-to-ground path. Use Value: Enables ±1% output accuracy over temperature without trimming, replacing discrete Zener + transistor solutions with one IC. |
Use Scenario: Detecting overvoltage condition on a 12 V automotive subsystem bus before damage occurs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision reference comparator with hysteresis added externally; triggers crowbar or shutdown when VIN exceeds threshold. Use Value: Achieves 12.0 V trip point with <±50 mV error across 0–70°C, eliminating need for op-amp-based monitor circuits. |
| Current Source/Sink | Zener Diode Replacement |
Use Scenario: Providing constant 10 mA bias current to a photodiode amplifier in an optical sensor module. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Two-terminal current sink with reference pin tied to cathode; sets current via single resistor to anode. Use Value: Delivers stable 10 mA ±2% over temperature with <100 ppm/°C drift - outperforms 1N52xx Zeners by >5× in tempco. |
Use Scenario: Replacing a 5.1 V Zener diode in a legacy power supply feedback network. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable shunt element configured as fixed 5.1 V regulator using R1/R2 = 1.04. Use Value: Improves regulation accuracy from ±5% (Zener) to ±0.4% while reducing dynamic impedance from ~20 Ω to 0.5 Ω. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar adjustable shunt regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431ACDBVR | Same 2.5 V reference, tighter 0.5% initial tolerance (vs. LM431CCM3's 0.8%), lower 20 ppm/°C tempco, higher 100 mA max cathode current. | Better suited for high-accuracy feedback in isolated flyback converters where reference stability dominates loop gain. | Select TL431ACDBVR when ±0.5% output accuracy and <25 ppm/°C drift are mandatory; LM431CCM3 remains optimal for cost-sensitive commercial designs. |
| AS431ARTDT-33 | Pin-compatible SOT-23-3, 2.5 V reference, 1% initial tolerance, 100 ppm/°C tempco, 100 mA max cathode current, wider –40 to 105°C operating range. | Preferred for extended-temperature industrial sensors where LM431CCM3's 0–70°C range is insufficient. | Choose AS431ARTDT-33 for automotive under-hood or outdoor equipment; LM431CCM3 fits consumer/office electronics with lower thermal budget. |
Compared with TL431ACDBVR and AS431ARTDT-33, the LM431CCM3 offers the lowest unit cost and proven reliability in commercial-grade power supplies, trading minor accuracy and tempco for broader availability and mature second-source support.
Availability
LM431CCM3 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for adjustable linear power supplies, voltage monitoring circuits, current source/sink designs, and Zener diode replacements requiring stable component supply across commercial temperature ranges.
Supply support for LM431CCM3 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor company founded in 1930, specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management ICs with broad industrial and automotive portfolio coverage.
The LM431 product line was designed as a precision, low-cost alternative to discrete Zener-regulator circuits, targeting cost-sensitive yet performance-critical voltage reference and shunt regulation applications in power conversion and sensing systems.
FAQ
What is the maximum cathode voltage rating for LM431CCM3?
The absolute maximum cathode voltage for LM431CCM3 is 37 V. Operation beyond this level risks permanent device failure due to junction breakdown. For reliable long-term use, TI recommends limiting cathode voltage to ≤36 V under all conditions, including transients and ripple peaks. The LM431CCM3 datasheet specifies 36 V as the upper limit for recommended operating conditions.
Can LM431CCM3 be used as a comparator?
Yes, LM431CCM3 can operate in open-loop comparator mode by driving the reference pin with an external voltage source instead of a resistor divider. In this configuration, the cathode switches between high-impedance and shunt states depending on whether the reference input exceeds 2.5 V. However, propagation delay and lack of rail-to-rail output make it unsuitable for high-speed digital comparison; it is best applied in slow-response monitoring such as overvoltage latching.
What is the minimum cathode current required for regulation in LM431CCM3?
The LM431CCM3 requires a minimum cathode current of 1 mA to maintain regulation. Below this threshold, the internal amplifier cannot sustain proper biasing, causing output voltage to deviate significantly from the programmed value. This 1 mA minimum is specified across the full 0–70°C operating range and must be guaranteed under worst-case conditions - e.g., lowest input voltage and highest load current - when selecting the series resistor (RS).
How does the LM431CCM3 reference input current affect resistor divider design?
The LM431CCM3 reference input current is 2–4 μA at 25°C and increases to ≤1.2 μA over temperature. This low current minimizes loading error on the feedback resistor divider, allowing use of high-value resistors (e.g., 100 kΩ–1 MΩ) without significant voltage drop. For a 5 V output using R1 = R2 = 100 kΩ, the error introduced by IREF is <0.005%, preserving overall accuracy.
Is LM431CCM3 RoHS compliant and lead-free?
Yes, LM431CCM3/NOPB is RoHS compliant and lead-free, with Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) eco plan, CU SN lead finish, and MSL Level-1 rating. The "NOPB" suffix explicitly denotes lead-free packaging. TI confirms compliance per EU Directive 2011/65/EU and JEDEC J-STD-609A Class 1 marking standards. No exemptions apply.
LM431CCM3 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package/Case:
- TO-236-3, SC-59, SOT-23-3
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 2.5V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 37 V
- Current - Output:
- 100 mA
- Tolerance:
- -0.6%, +0.4%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- 50ppm/°C Typical
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 1 mA
- Operating Temperature:
- 0°C ~ 70°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- SOT-23-3
LM431CCM3 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM431CCM3 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM431CCM3 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM431CCM3 reliable?
The price and inventory of LM431CCM3 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM431CCM3 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM431CCM3?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM431CCM3 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM431CCM3?
LM431CCM3 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM431CCM3 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM431CCM3?
For technical support, including LM431CCM3 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM431CCM3 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM431CCM3 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM431CCM3 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM431CCM3 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM431CCM3?
All LM431CCM3 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM431CCM3, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM431CCM3 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM431CCM3:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
LM431CCM3 Tags
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TL431AIDBZR
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TL431BQDBZR
Texas Instruments
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AN431AN-ATRG1
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LM4040CYM3-2.5-TR
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LM4040CYM3-4.1-TR
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LM4040EIM3-2.5/NOPB
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AZ431LBNTR-G1
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LM4040D20IDBZR
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LM4041DIM3-ADJ/NOPB
Texas Instruments
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LM4040DIM3X-2.5/NOPB
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LM4040DIM3-2.5/NOPB
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AZ431LANTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
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