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Texas Instruments LM431CCM3X
- Part No.:
- LM431CCM3X
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-236-3, SC-59, SOT-23-3
- Datasheet:
-
LM431CCM3X.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT -0.6/+0.4% SOT23-3
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,924
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Product details
Overview
LM431CCM3X from Texas Instruments is a 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator with 2.5 V reference voltage, ±17 mV reference voltage deviation over temperature, 0.5 Ω typical dynamic output impedance, and 1 mA minimum cathode current for regulation-used in voltage monitoring and adjustable linear power supplies.
For engineers reviewing the LM431CCM3X datasheet, LM431CCM3X pinout, LM431CCM3X application, or LM431CCM3X equivalent, this page delivers verified electrical specs, SOT-23-3 package mapping, thermal derating guidance, and real-world implementation constraints for stable shunt regulation design.
Technical Context
The LM431CCM3X operates as a precision Zener replacement using an internal bandgap reference and error amplifier to regulate cathode-to-anode voltage via external resistor feedback. It functions in closed-loop mode with a voltage divider on the reference pin, requiring ≥1 mA cathode current to maintain regulation across 0°C to 70°C.
Its architecture enables fast turnon response and low-output noise by minimizing internal propagation delay and output capacitance sensitivity. The device supports open-loop comparator operation when the reference pin is driven externally, but requires strict adherence to cathode voltage limits (≤37 V) and thermal derating per package (SOT-23: 2.2 mW/°C above 25°C).
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage (VREF) | 2.485–2.51 V at 10 mA - defines minimum programmable output voltage and sets accuracy baseline for resistor-divider-based regulation. |
| Reference Voltage Deviation | ±17 mV over full temperature range - determines worst-case output voltage drift in precision monitoring applications. |
| Dynamic Output Impedance | 0.5 Ω typical at DC - ensures minimal output voltage variation under load transients in shunt-regulated supplies. |
| Minimum Cathode Current | 1 mA - lowest sustained current required to enter and maintain regulation; critical for low-power bias networks. |
| Cathode Voltage Limit | 37 V absolute maximum - constrains input supply headroom and dictates series resistor selection to avoid device failure. |
| Reference Input Current | 2–4 μA - establishes high-impedance feedback node behavior and enables use of MΩ-range resistors without significant error. |
| ESD Rating (HBM) | ±2500 V - defines handling requirements during PCB assembly and board-level testing. |
Pinout & Package
SOT-23-3 package (DBZ drawing), 2.92 mm × 1.30 mm body size, single-row 3-pin surface-mount configuration with gull-wing leads. Thermal resistance RθJA = 267.7 °C/W; derate 2.2 mW/°C above 25°C ambient.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Cathode (Pin 1) | Output / Shunt current sink | Main regulated node; connects to supply rail via series resistor and to load; must remain ≤37 V. |
| Reference (Pin 2) | Feedback input | High-impedance node (2–4 μA input) tied to resistor divider midpoint; sets output voltage via VOUT = VREF(1 + R1/R2). |
| Anode (Pin 3) | Ground return | Low-impedance return path for shunt current; must be connected directly to system ground plane for stability. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Adjustable output voltage range | 2.5 V to 36 V - achieved with two external resistors; eliminates need for multiple fixed-voltage Zeners. |
| Average temperature coefficient | 50 ppm/°C - enables stable reference performance across commercial temperature range without external compensation. |
| Fast turnon response | Sub-microsecond activation - supports dynamic load switching and transient-sensitive feedback loops. |
| Low-output noise | Typical <10 µVRMS - preserves signal integrity in precision analog monitoring circuits. |
| Low-dynamic output impedance | 0.5 Ω at DC - maintains tight voltage regulation despite rapid load current changes up to 100 mA. |
Applications
| Adjustable Linear Power Supply | Voltage Monitoring Circuit |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Regulating unregulated DC input (e.g., rectified AC or battery-derived rail) to a stable 5 V or 12 V output for microcontroller peripherals. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt regulator controlling output voltage by sinking excess current through cathode-anode path based on reference pin feedback. Use Value: Enables compact, low-cost regulation without transformer or inductor; supports output adjustment via resistor ratio with <±1% initial accuracy. | Use Scenario: Detecting overvoltage condition on a 24 V industrial bus to trigger shutdown before downstream damage occurs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision threshold detector comparing bus voltage against 2.5 V reference via resistor divider; outputs fault signal when threshold exceeded. Use Value: Provides ±17 mV reference stability over temperature, ensuring consistent trip point across operating range without calibration. |
| Current Source/Sink | Zener Diode Replacement |
Use Scenario: Generating a stable 10 mA bias current for op-amp input stages or sensor excitation in portable instrumentation. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Constant-current sink configured with cathode grounded and reference pin biased to set current through external load resistor. Use Value: Delivers 1 mA to 100 mA sink current with <0.5 Ω dynamic impedance, minimizing current variation under supply ripple. | Use Scenario: Replacing discrete 3.3 V Zener diode in legacy power supply feedback loop where tighter tolerance and lower tempco are needed. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Programmable shunt reference replacing fixed Zener; reference pin replaces cathode connection to enable precise voltage setting. Use Value: Reduces output voltage error from ±5% (Zener) to ±0.4% (LM431CCM3X), while cutting temperature drift from >100 ppm/°C to 50 ppm/°C. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar adjustable shunt regulator applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431CDBZR | Same 2.5 V reference, ±1% initial tolerance (vs. LM431CCM3X ±0.4%), higher 100 μA max reference current | Higher reference current demands larger feedback resistors, increasing noise susceptibility in high-impedance nodes | Select TL431CDBZR only if cost sensitivity outweighs need for ultra-low reference current and tighter VREF tolerance |
| AS431ARTDT | 2.5 V reference, ±1% tolerance, 1.5 μA typical reference current, but 0.8 Ω dynamic impedance (vs. 0.5 Ω) | Higher dynamic impedance reduces regulation accuracy under fast load steps; not recommended for high-transient applications | Choose AS431ARTDT only for static voltage monitoring where dynamic response is non-critical and RoHS+REACH compliance is mandatory |
Compared with TL431CDBZR and AS431ARTDT, the LM431CCM3X offers the tightest reference voltage tolerance (±0.4%), lowest reference current (2–4 μA), and lowest dynamic output impedance (0.5 Ω), making it optimal for precision, low-power, and high-transient shunt regulation where stability and accuracy are prioritized over unit cost.
Availability
LM431CCM3X is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for adjustable linear power supplies, voltage monitoring circuits, current source/sink designs, and Zener diode replacements requiring stable component supply across industrial and commercial product lifecycles.
Supply support for LM431CCM3X includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor company headquartered in Dallas, Texas, designing and manufacturing analog ICs, embedded processors, and digital signal processors for industrial, automotive, and consumer markets.
The LM431 product line was developed to provide cost-effective, temperature-stable shunt regulation for power supply feedback, voltage supervision, and precision current control in space-constrained applications.
FAQ
What is the operating temperature range for the LM431CCM3X?
The LM431CCM3X is rated for commercial operation from 0°C to 70°C. This range is confirmed in the TI datasheet's Recommended Operating Conditions table and applies specifically to the C-grade variant denoted by "C" in the part number. Operation outside this range may result in increased reference voltage deviation beyond the specified ±17 mV limit.
Can the LM431CCM3X replace a standard Zener diode directly?
Yes, the LM431CCM3X can replace a standard Zener diode in most shunt regulator configurations, but requires two external resistors to set the output voltage and a minimum 1 mA cathode current to maintain regulation. Unlike passive Zeners, it provides tighter tolerance (±0.4%), lower temperature drift (50 ppm/°C), and programmable voltage from 2.5 V to 36 V.
What is the maximum cathode current the LM431CCM3X can handle?
The LM431CCM3X supports a continuous cathode current of up to 100 mA under recommended operating conditions. Exceeding this value risks thermal overload, especially in the SOT-23 package, which has a 0.28 W internal power dissipation limit at 25°C and requires derating by 2.2 mW/°C above that temperature.
How does the reference input current affect circuit design?
The LM431CCM3X reference input current is 2–4 μA, enabling high-impedance feedback networks using 100 kΩ–1 MΩ resistors without introducing significant voltage division error. This allows low-power biasing and minimizes loading on sensitive voltage sources compared to alternatives with >10 μA input current.
Is the LM431CCM3X RoHS compliant?
Yes, the LM431CCM3X/NOPB variant is RoHS compliant and features Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) eco plan with CuSn lead finish. The "NOPB" suffix explicitly indicates lead-free packaging, and TI's Package Option Addendum confirms its Level-1 MSL rating and RoHS exemption status.
LM431CCM3X Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package/Case:
- TO-236-3, SC-59, SOT-23-3
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 2.5V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 37 V
- Current - Output:
- 100 mA
- Tolerance:
- -0.6%, +0.4%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- 50ppm/°C Typical
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 1 mA
- Operating Temperature:
- 0°C ~ 70°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- SOT-23-3
LM431CCM3X FAQ
1.How can I place an order for LM431CCM3X through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for LM431CCM3X on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for LM431CCM3X reliable?
The price and inventory of LM431CCM3X are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for LM431CCM3X is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for LM431CCM3X?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for LM431CCM3X transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for LM431CCM3X?
LM431CCM3X orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your LM431CCM3X order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for LM431CCM3X?
For technical support, including LM431CCM3X datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your LM431CCM3X requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that LM431CCM3X is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All LM431CCM3X products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that LM431CCM3X meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of LM431CCM3X?
All LM431CCM3X units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with LM431CCM3X, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The LM431CCM3X part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for LM431CCM3X:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
LM431CCM3X Tags
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