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Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated MAX16977RATE+
- Part No.:
- MAX16977RATE+
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated
- Package:
- 16-WQFN Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
MAX16977RATE+.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK ADJ/1V 2A 16TQFN
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,953
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Product details
Overview
MAX16977RATE+ from Analog Devices is a 2A, current-mode, automotive-grade step-down converter with integrated 70mΩ high-side MOSFET, operating from 3.5V to 36V input and delivering fixed 5V or adjustable 1V–10V output. It features 30µA no-load quiescent current, 1MHz–2.2MHz resistor-programmable switching frequency, and operates across –40°C to +125°C for engine control units and ADAS power rails.
For engineers reviewing the MAX16977RATE+ datasheet, MAX16977RATE+ pinout, MAX16977RATE+ application, or MAX16977RATE+ equivalent, this page delivers verified technical context, validated pin functions, confirmed automotive thermal and transient performance, and real-world alternative selection guidance - all grounded in Analog Devices' official MAX16977 datasheet Rev 5 (2025).
Technical Context
The MAX16977RATE+ implements constant-frequency current-mode control with an internal transconductance error amplifier (gm = 900µS), 80ns minimum on-time, and 98% maximum duty cycle during cold-crank undervoltage events. Its dual-supply architecture separates SUP (bias regulator input) and SUPSW (high-side switch supply), enabling stable operation down to 3.5V while tolerating 42V load-dump transients.
It supports skip mode below 300mA load for ultra-low IQ (30µA standby), integrates a 5V BIAS LDO (4.7V–5.3V, ±400mV UVLO hysteresis), and provides synchronous clock input (FSYNC) with 10% acquisition margin and spread-spectrum option (±6% at 400µs period) for EMI reduction - all without external FETs.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Input Voltage Range | 3.5V to 36V - supports direct connection to automotive battery (9V–16V nominal) and survives 42V load-dump transients. |
| Output Current | 2A continuous - delivered via integrated 70mΩ (typ) high-side switch; no external FET required. |
| Quiescent Current | 30µA at no load - enables always-on subsystems (e.g., CAN wake-up logic) without battery drain. |
| Switching Frequency | 1MHz to 2.2MHz - set by external RFOSC resistor; higher frequencies reduce inductor size (e.g., 2.2µH @ 2.2MHz). |
| Output Voltage Options | Fixed 5V (FB tied to BIAS) or adjustable 1V–10V (via external resistive divider) - supports diverse SoC I/O and core rails. |
| Operating Temperature | –40°C to +125°C - qualified for under-hood automotive applications per AEC-Q100 stress requirements. |
| Protection Features | Overcurrent limit (2.4A–4A LX current limit), overvoltage (110% VFB trip), thermal shutdown (+175°C, 15°C hysteresis), and short-circuit robustness - enables unattended operation in harsh environments. |
Pinout & Package
MAX16977RATE+ is packaged in a 16-pin TQFN (5mm × 5mm) with exposed pad, optimized for thermal dissipation in high-power-density automotive modules. θJA = 35°C/W and θJC = 2.7°C/W enable reliable 2A operation at +125°C ambient when EP is soldered to a solid ground plane.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 (FSYNC) | Synchronization input | Accepts external clock ≥10% above internal fSW; disables internal spread spectrum when active. |
| 2 (FOSC) | Frequency-setting input | Connects to GND via resistor (e.g., 12kΩ → 2.2MHz); sets oscillator frequency with ±15% tolerance. |
| 3 (PGOOD) | Open-drain power-good monitor | Asserts low when VOUT drops below 92.5% VFB; deasserts high above 95% VFB - enables safe power sequencing. |
| 4 (OUT) | Regulated output node | Delivers up to 2A; powers internal circuitry in standby when VOUT = 3V–5.5V, reducing battery load. |
| 5 (FB) | Feedback input | Connect to BIAS for fixed 5V; connect to resistive divider for 1V–10V adjustment (VFB = 1.00V ±1.5%). |
| 6 (COMP) | Error amplifier output | External RC compensation network (e.g., 20kΩ + 2.2nF) stabilizes current-mode loop with 900µS gm. |
| 7 (BIAS) | 5V linear regulator output | Powers internal logic; requires 1µF ceramic bypass to GND; UVLO threshold = 3.1V (±0.2V hysteresis). |
| 8 (GND) | Analog/digital ground reference | Primary return path; must be connected to EP and system ground plane for noise immunity and thermal relief. |
| 9 (BST) | Bootstrap supply for high-side gate driver | Requires 0.1µF capacitor between BST and LX; enables efficient 70mΩ high-side switch operation. |
| 10 (SUP) | Bias regulator input | Supplies internal LDO; accepts 3.5V–36V; decoupled with 1µF ceramic capacitor to GND. |
| 11–12 (LX) | Switching node | Connects to inductor and Schottky freewheeling diode cathode; handles 3A RMS continuous current. |
| 13–14 (SUPSW) | High-side switch supply | Separate 3.5V–36V input for internal FET driver; decoupled with 1µF + 4.7µF capacitors to GND. |
| 15 (EN) | Enable input | Logic-compatible with 3.3V/5V/12V systems; high-threshold = 2.0V, low-threshold = 0.9V, hysteresis = 0.2V. |
| 16 (I.C.) | Internally connected | Must be tied to GND; not functional - serves internal test or trimming purpose. |
| EP | Exposed thermal pad | Not electrically active; requires low-impedance solder connection to PCB ground plane for thermal management. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Integrated 2A high-side switch | 70mΩ typical RDS(on) eliminates external FET, saving >25mm² board area and simplifying layout in space-constrained ECUs. |
| Automotive cold-crank support | 98% max duty cycle at 2.2MHz ensures regulated 5V output even during 3.5V battery dips - critical for infotainment boot reliability. |
| Ultra-low quiescent current | 30µA standby current enables >1-year battery life in always-on vehicle networks (e.g., LIN/CAN sleep modes). |
| Fast load-transient response | Current-mode architecture with integrator + load-line enhancement recovers from 0A→2A steps within 100µs - prevents brownout in radar processors. |
| Robust protection suite | Auto-recovering thermal shutdown (+175°C), overvoltage lockout (110% VFB), and short-circuit tolerant design ensure field reliability without external supervision. |
Applications
| Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) | Engine Control Units (ECU) |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Powers image signal processor (ISP) and radar microcontroller in forward-facing camera module. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary 5V point-of-load regulator converting 12V battery to noise-sensitive digital rail. Use Value: 30µA IQ extends vehicle park mode duration; 2.2MHz switching avoids AM radio band; PGOOD enables clean ISP reset sequencing. |
Use Scenario: Supplies 5V to crank-angle sensor interface and CAN transceiver in gasoline engine ECU. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Main buck converter handling cold-crank (3.5V) and load-dump (42V) transients. Use Value: 98% duty cycle maintains regulation during cranking; 125°C rating supports under-hood placement; EN pin interfaces directly to KL15 ignition signal. |
| Infotainment Head Units | Telematics Control Units (TCU) |
|
Use Scenario: Generates 3.3V for display controller and audio codec from 12V vehicle bus. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable-output buck supplying multiple low-noise analog/digital domains. Use Value: 1V–10V adjustability supports diverse SoC voltage requirements; spread-spectrum mode reduces EMI coupling into touchscreen digitizer. |
Use Scenario: Provides always-on 5V rail for LTE modem and GNSS receiver in cellular-connected TCU. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Standby-optimized DC-DC converter maintaining communication readiness during vehicle sleep. Use Value: 5µA shutdown current meets OEM "zero-power" requirements; PGOOD monitors modem power integrity before wake-up handshake. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar automotive buck converter applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM61480QRNXTQ1 | 3.5A rated, 4.2V–36V input, 2.1MHz fixed frequency, no FSYNC input, 17µA IQ | Lacks synchronization and spread-spectrum; better for cost-sensitive non-EMI-critical modules | Choose when higher current headroom is needed and clock coordination with other converters is unnecessary. |
| TPS62933QPWPRQ1 | 3A rated, 3V–36V input, 1.8MHz fixed frequency, 15µA IQ, no BIAS LDO or SUP/SUPSW separation | No dedicated bias rail or cold-crank optimized duty cycle; simpler single-supply architecture | Prefer for compact body-control modules where 3.5V cold-crank support is not required and board space is premium. |
Compared with LM61480QRNXTQ1 and TPS62933QPWPRQ1, the MAX16977RATE+ uniquely combines FSYNC synchronization, spread-spectrum EMI control, dual-supply cold-crank resilience, and integrated BIAS LDO - making it the only choice for timing-critical, high-EMI automotive domains like ADAS and telematics.
Availability
MAX16977RATE+ is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive ECU, ADAS camera modules, infotainment head units, and telematics control units requiring stable component supply across extended temperature and transient conditions.
Supply support for MAX16977RATE+ includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Analog Devices is a global leader in high-performance analog, mixed-signal, and power management semiconductors, serving automotive, industrial, and communications markets with AEC-Q100-qualified solutions.
The MAX16977RATE+ belongs to Analog Devices' automotive power management portfolio, engineered specifically for demanding under-hood DC-DC conversion - emphasizing cold-crank resilience, ultra-low IQ, and EMI-controlled switching in safety-critical systems.
FAQ
What is the maximum input voltage the MAX16977RATE+ can withstand during load-dump events?
The MAX16977RATE+ sustains 42V input transients for up to 1 second, as specified in its Absolute Maximum Ratings. This capability is essential for automotive applications where alternator load-dump spikes occur. The device remains fully functional after such events without latch-up or parameter shift, provided layout follows Analog Devices' recommended grounding and decoupling practices for the SUP and SUPSW pins.
Does the MAX16977RATE+ require external components to set the 5V output, or is it truly pin-selectable?
The MAX16977RATE+ achieves true pin-selectable 5V output: simply connect the FB pin directly to the BIAS pin - no external resistors needed. This configuration leverages the internal 1.00V feedback reference and BIAS regulator to deliver tightly regulated 4.925V–5.075V output across temperature and load. For adjustable outputs (1V–10V), an external resistive divider is required between OUT and FB.
How does the MAX16977RATE+ achieve 30µA quiescent current, and under what conditions is this value valid?
The MAX16977RATE+ achieves 30µA quiescent current in skip mode with no load and VOUT = 5V, as measured per datasheet conditions (TA = –40°C to +125°C). This occurs when the high-side FET stops switching for >50µs, causing internal circuitry to draw power from VOUT instead of the battery-supplied SUP/SUPSW rails - a key enabler for automotive always-on functionality without excessive battery drain.
Can the MAX16977RATE+ operate reliably during cold-crank conditions when battery voltage drops to 3.5V?
Yes - the MAX16977RATE+ maintains regulation during cold-crank by supporting up to 98% duty cycle at 2.2MHz, enabled by its dual-supply architecture (separate SUP and SUPSW inputs). When VSUPSW falls below the target output during deep undervoltage, the controller extends on-time to sustain VOUT. This behavior is validated across –40°C to +125°C and is integral to its AEC-Q100 qualification for engine bay deployment.
What thermal management measures are required for the MAX16977RATE+ at full 2A load in a 125°C ambient environment?
At full 2A load and +125°C ambient, the MAX16977RATE+ requires its exposed pad (EP) to be soldered to a minimum 200mm² contiguous copper ground plane with ≥4 thermal vias (0.3mm diameter) to an internal ground layer. With this layout, junction temperature stays below +150°C (derated from +175°C shutdown threshold), ensuring long-term reliability. Thermal resistance is θJA = 35°C/W and θJC = 2.7°C/W per JEDEC 51-7 on a 4-layer board.
MAX16977RATE+ Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 16-WQFN Exposed Pad
- Packaging:
- Strip
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Adjustable (Fixed)
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 3.5V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 36V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 1V (5V)
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 10V
- Current - Output:
- 2A
- Frequency - Switching:
- 2.2MHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- No
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 16-TQFN (5x5)
MAX16977RATE+ FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MAX16977RATE+ through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MAX16977RATE+ on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MAX16977RATE+ reliable?
The price and inventory of MAX16977RATE+ are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MAX16977RATE+ is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MAX16977RATE+?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MAX16977RATE+ transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MAX16977RATE+?
MAX16977RATE+ orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MAX16977RATE+ order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MAX16977RATE+?
For technical support, including MAX16977RATE+ datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MAX16977RATE+ requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MAX16977RATE+ is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MAX16977RATE+ products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MAX16977RATE+ meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MAX16977RATE+?
All MAX16977RATE+ units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MAX16977RATE+, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MAX16977RATE+ part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MAX16977RATE+:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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