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Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated MAX16977RATE+T
- Part No.:
- MAX16977RATE+T
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated
- Package:
- 16-WQFN Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
MAX16977RATE+T.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK ADJ/1V 2A 16TQFN
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,452
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Product details
Overview
The MAX16977RATE+T from Analog Devices is a 2A, current-mode, automotive-grade step-down converter with integrated 70mΩ high-side MOSFET, operating from 3.5V to 36V input and delivering fixed 5V or adjustable 1V–10V output. It features 30µA no-load quiescent current, 1MHz–2.2MHz resistor-programmable switching frequency, and operates across –40°C to +125°C - ideal for direct car-battery-to-sub-5V rail conversion in ADAS camera modules and infotainment power supplies.
For engineers reviewing the MAX16977RATE+T datasheet, MAX16977RATE+T pinout, MAX16977RATE+T application, or MAX16977RATE+T equivalent, this device supports critical automotive design requirements including 42V load-dump tolerance, fast load-transient response (<100µs recovery), skip-mode efficiency optimization, and power-good sequencing - all in a thermally enhanced 16-pin TQFN (5mm × 5mm) package with exposed pad.
Technical Context
This IC implements constant-frequency current-mode control with an internal transconductance error amplifier (gm = 900µS), 80ns minimum on-time, and 98% maximum duty cycle during cold-crank undervoltage events. Its dual-supply architecture separates SUP (bias regulator input) from SUPSW (high-side switch supply), enabling stable operation down to 3.5V while maintaining regulation under 9V cold-crank conditions.
The device integrates a 5V linear regulator (BIAS) with 4.7V–5.3V output and 3.1V UVLO hysteresis, plus synchronization capability via FSYNC input requiring ≥10% higher external clock frequency. Spread-spectrum modulation (±6% at 400µs period) is factory-enabled in the 'S' variant but disabled when synchronized externally.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Input Voltage Range | 3.5V to 36V - supports direct connection to automotive battery with 42V transient tolerance. |
| Output Current | 2A continuous - enables single-chip power delivery for microcontrollers, sensors, and interface ICs without external FET. |
| Quiescent Current | 30µA at no load - meets OEM standby power budgets for always-on vehicle systems. |
| Switching Frequency | 1MHz to 2.2MHz (resistor-programmable) - allows trade-off between inductor size, EMI, and efficiency. |
| Output Voltage Options | Fixed 5V (FB tied to BIAS) or adjustable 1V–10V (via external resistive divider) - supports diverse SoC core/I/O rail requirements. |
| Thermal Shutdown | +175°C threshold with 15°C hysteresis - ensures robust operation in engine bay or under-hood environments. |
| Power-Good Accuracy | 92.5%–95% VFB window - enables precise power sequencing with downstream logic and processors. |
Pinout & Package
MAX16977RATE+T is packaged in a 16-pin TQFN (5mm × 5mm) with exposed thermal pad (EP), optimized for automotive thermal performance (θJA = 35°C/W, θJC = 2.7°C/W). The exposed pad must be soldered to a large-area contiguous copper ground plane - not used as sole ground connection.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 (FSYNC) | Synchronization input | Accepts external clock ≥10% above internal fSW; disables spread-spectrum when active. |
| 2 (FOSC) | Frequency-setting input | Connects to GND via resistor (e.g., 12kΩ → 2.2MHz); sets switching frequency precisely. |
| 3 (PGOOD) | Open-drain power-good monitor | Asserts low when VOUT falls below 92.5% of regulation; deasserts above 95% - enables safe sequencing. |
| 4 (OUT) | Regulated output node | Delivers up to 2A; powers internal circuitry in standby when VOUT = 3V–5.5V. |
| 5 (FB) | Feedback input | Connected to BIAS for fixed 5V; connected to resistive divider for adjustable output (VFB = 1.0V). |
| 6 (COMP) | Error amplifier output | External RC compensation network required for loop stability (e.g., RCOMP = 20kΩ, CCOMP1 = 2.2nF). |
| 7 (BIAS) | Integrated LDO output | 5V ±3% linear regulator powering internal logic; requires 1µF ceramic bypass to GND. |
| 8 (GND) | Signal and power ground | Primary reference for analog/switching circuits; connects to EP and PCB ground plane. |
| 9–10 (LX) | Switching node | Drives external Schottky diode (e.g., B360B-13-F); peak RMS current rating = 3A. |
| 11–12 (SUPSW) | High-side switch supply | Provides gate drive power to internal MOSFET; decoupled with 1µF + 4.7µF capacitors. |
| 13 (SUP) | Main supply input | Powers internal bias regulator; rated 3.5V–36V; requires 1µF ceramic capacitor to GND. |
| 14 (EN) | Enable input | High-voltage compatible (3.3V–36V logic); 2V threshold enables direct connection to KL30 or CAN INH. |
| 15 (I.C.) | Internally connected | Must be tied to GND; not user-accessible - internal test node. |
| EP | Exposed thermal pad | Required for thermal dissipation; must connect to solid GND plane - not sole GND path. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Integrated 2A high-side switch | 70mΩ typical RDS(on) eliminates need for external FET - reduces BOM count and layout area by >30%. |
| Automotive-grade thermal range | –40°C to +125°C operation with +175°C thermal shutdown - qualified for under-hood and ADAS module deployment. |
| Fast load-transient response | <100µs recovery from 0.5A→2A step - maintains <±2% output deviation using current-mode control + integrator enhancement. |
| Low-IQ skip mode | 30µA no-load current with automatic transition from PWM to PFM - extends battery life in always-on telematics systems. |
| Dual-supply architecture (SUP/SUPSW) | Enables 98% duty cycle during cold-crank (e.g., 6V input → 5V output) - sustains regulation where single-supply buck fails. |
| Robust protection suite | Includes overcurrent limit (ILX = 2.4–4A), overvoltage trip (105–115% VFB), and short-circuit tolerant output - supports unattended industrial use. |
Applications
| ADAS Camera Power Supply | Infotainment System Core Rail |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Powers image sensor, ISP, and MIPI interface in rear-view or surround-view cameras mounted near vehicle exterior. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary 5V buck regulator converting 12V battery to clean, sequenced 5V rail with PGOOD signaling to SoC reset controller. Use Value: 42V transient tolerance prevents shutdown during jump-start; 30µA IQ enables parking-mode vision recording without draining battery. |
Use Scenario: Supplies 3.3V or 5V core voltage to application processor and audio codec in head-unit or digital cluster. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Point-of-load DC-DC converter with soft-start (8.5ms) and power-good monitoring for controlled boot sequence. Use Value: 2.2MHz switching enables compact 2.2µH inductor and low-profile 22µF output cap - saves >40% board area vs. 500kHz solutions. |
| Telematics Control Unit (TCU) | Body Control Module (BCM) Subsystem |
|
Use Scenario: Powers LTE modem, GNSS receiver, and CAN transceiver in cellular-connected vehicle tracking units. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-efficiency, low-noise 5V supply with FSYNC synchronization to avoid RF interference with cellular bands. Use Value: Adjustable frequency (1–2.2MHz) and optional spread-spectrum reduce conducted EMI - simplifies CISPR 25 Class 5 compliance. |
Use Scenario: Delivers regulated 5V to door module MCUs, LIN transceivers, and LED drivers in centralized body electronics. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Input-capable buck converter supporting wide battery range (9–16V) and cold-crank (6V) without dropout. Use Value: 98% max duty cycle maintains 5V output during engine start - avoids brownout resets in safety-critical lighting control. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar step-down converter applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM61480QRNXTQ1 | 3.5V–36V input, 4A output, 2.1MHz fixed frequency, 15µA IQ, no BIAS LDO, requires external bootstrap cap | Lacks integrated BIAS regulator and spread-spectrum; better suited for higher-current, lower-cost non-sequencing rails | Choose LM61480QRNXTQ1 when >2A load or lowest possible IQ is critical, and external BIAS generation is acceptable. |
| TPS62933RTER | 3V–36V input, 3A output, 1.8MHz fixed frequency, 12µA IQ, integrated FET + LDO, but only –40°C to +105°C rating | Lower temperature grade limits under-hood use; lacks FSYNC sync input and cold-crank duty-cycle boost | Choose TPS62933RTER for cabin-mounted modules where extended temp range and sync capability are unnecessary. |
Compared with LM61480QRNXTQ1 and TPS62933RTER, the MAX16977RATE+T uniquely combines automotive temperature range, integrated BIAS LDO, FSYNC synchronization, and 98% cold-crank duty cycle - making it the only option qualified for front-camera and radar ECU power stages requiring full AEC-Q100 Grade-1 compliance and strict sequencing.
Availability
MAX16977RATE+T is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive ADAS, infotainment, and telematics applications requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and AEC-Q100-compliant sourcing.
Supply support for MAX16977RATE+T includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Analog Devices is a global leader in high-performance analog, mixed-signal, and power management semiconductors, serving automotive, industrial, and communications markets with precision, reliability, and longevity.
The MAX16977RATE+T belongs to Analog Devices' automotive power management portfolio, designed specifically for demanding vehicle subsystems requiring high input voltage tolerance, ultra-low quiescent current, and robust fault protection in harsh environments.
FAQ
What is the maximum input voltage transient the MAX16977RATE+T can withstand?
The MAX16977RATE+T supports 42V input transients for durations less than 1 second, meeting ISO 7637-2 Pulse 5a (load dump) requirements for 12V automotive systems. This capability is enabled by robust internal clamp structures on SUP and SUPSW pins, allowing direct battery connection without external TVS diodes in many designs. The device remains fully functional after such events and resumes regulation automatically.
Does the MAX16977RATE+T require an external Schottky diode, and why?
Yes, the MAX16977RATE+T requires an external Schottky diode (e.g., Diodes Inc. B360B-13-F) connected between LX and GND. Because it uses a non-synchronous buck topology with only an integrated high-side switch, the diode provides the freewheeling path during the low-side conduction phase. Its low forward voltage minimizes conduction loss and prevents excessive negative voltage at LX during turn-off, preserving MOSFET reliability.
How does the MAX16977RATE+T achieve 98% duty cycle during cold-crank conditions?
The MAX16977RATE+T achieves 98% duty cycle by separating the bias supply (SUP) from the high-side switch supply (SUPSW), allowing independent voltage scaling. During cold-crank (e.g., 6V battery), SUPSW drops while SUP maintains sufficient voltage to sustain gate drive. Combined with 80ns minimum on-time and current-mode control, this architecture prevents dropout when stepping 6V to 5V - a key differentiator versus single-supply buck regulators.
Can the MAX16977RATE+T operate with a fixed 5V output without external resistors?
Yes, the MAX16977RATE+T supports fixed 5V output by connecting the FB pin directly to the BIAS pin - eliminating external feedback resistors and reducing component count. In this configuration, the internal 1.0V reference and BIAS regulator ensure precise 5V regulation (±1.5% over temperature and line), and quiescent current drops to 30µA, optimizing standby power in always-on vehicle systems.
What is the role of the I.C. pin on the MAX16977RATE+T, and how should it be handled?
The I.C. pin on the MAX16977RATE+T is an internally connected test node and must be tied to GND in all applications. It is not functional for user signal routing or configuration. Leaving it floating may cause undefined behavior or reduced noise immunity. This requirement is explicitly stated in the Pin Descriptions section of the datasheet and applies to both TSSOP and TQFN packages of the MAX16977RATE+T.
MAX16977RATE+T Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 16-WQFN Exposed Pad
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Adjustable (Fixed)
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 3.5V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 36V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 1V (5V)
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 10V
- Current - Output:
- 2A
- Frequency - Switching:
- 2.2MHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- No
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 16-TQFN (5x5)
MAX16977RATE+T FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MAX16977RATE+T through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MAX16977RATE+T on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MAX16977RATE+T reliable?
The price and inventory of MAX16977RATE+T are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MAX16977RATE+T is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MAX16977RATE+T?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MAX16977RATE+T transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MAX16977RATE+T?
MAX16977RATE+T orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MAX16977RATE+T order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MAX16977RATE+T?
For technical support, including MAX16977RATE+T datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MAX16977RATE+T requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MAX16977RATE+T is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MAX16977RATE+T products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MAX16977RATE+T meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MAX16977RATE+T?
All MAX16977RATE+T units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MAX16977RATE+T, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MAX16977RATE+T part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MAX16977RATE+T:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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