Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated MAX25231ATCD/V+T

Overview

MAX25231ATCD/V+T from Analog Devices is a synchronous automotive buck converter with integrated high-side and low-side MOSFETs, delivering up to 1.2A output current across a 3.5V–36V input range while consuming only 3.5µA quiescent current at no load. It features adjustable output voltage (3V–10V), 2.1MHz fixed switching frequency, ±2% output accuracy, and AEC-Q100 qualification for use in automotive always-on power rails.

For engineers reviewing the MAX25231ATCD/V+T datasheet, MAX25231ATCD/V+T pinout, MAX25231ATCD/V+T application, or MAX25231ATCD/V+T equivalent, key selection criteria include its 12-pin TDFN package with exposed pad, spread-spectrum EMI reduction, PGOOD monitoring, 66ns minimum on-time for high VIN/VOUT ratios, and support for external feedback configuration via FB pin.

Technical Context

The MAX25231ATCD/V+T implements current-mode control architecture with internal slope compensation, enabling stable operation without external compensation components. Its 66ns minimum on-time and 99% maximum duty cycle support wide input-to-output conversion ratios and dropout operation down to 3.5V input.

It integrates a 5V BIAS LDO, open-drain PGOOD output with 93.5% threshold hysteresis, and dual-mode operation-skip mode for ultra-low IQ at light loads and forced-PWM mode via SYNC pin for constant-frequency EMI control. Spread-spectrum modulation (±6%) is enabled by the SPS pin and active only during internally generated oscillator operation.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

MAX25231ATCD/V+T is housed in a 3mm × 3mm, 12-pin TDFN-EP package with exposed thermal pad (Package Code: TD1233+2C). The exposed pad must be soldered to PGND for thermal performance and EMI suppression.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar buck converter applications.

Compared with LM61480QRTWRQ1 and TPS62933QDRLRQ1, the MAX25231ATCD/V+T uniquely combines 3.5µA IQ, 3V–10V adjustability, AEC-Q100 qualification, and integrated spread-spectrum - making it optimal for space-constrained, battery-sensitive automotive subsystems where both flexibility and compliance are mandatory.

Availability

MAX25231ATCD/V+T is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive body electronics, ADAS camera modules, and industrial IoT gateways requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle assurance, and AEC-Q100-compliant sourcing.

Supply support for MAX25231ATCD/V+T includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Analog Devices is a global leader in high-performance analog, mixed-signal, and digital signal processing semiconductors, serving automotive, industrial, communications, and healthcare markets with precision power, sensing, and signal chain solutions.

The MAX25231 product line delivers compact, AEC-Q100-qualified buck converters optimized for automotive always-on systems demanding ultra-low quiescent current, wide input range, and robust EMI performance - directly addressing power architecture challenges in modern ECUs and ADAS domains.

FAQ

What is the output voltage range supported by the MAX25231ATCD/V+T?

The MAX25231ATCD/V+T supports an adjustable output voltage from 3V to 10V, configured using an external resistor divider connected between OUT and FB pins. This capability is exclusive to the ATCD variant - fixed-output versions (ATCA/V+, ATCB/V+) deliver only 5V or 3.3V respectively. The FB pin has a precise 1.0V reference with ±1.5% accuracy over temperature and line conditions.

How does the MAX25231ATCD/V+T achieve ultra-low quiescent current?

The MAX25231ATCD/V+T achieves 3.5µA typical quiescent current by entering standby mode at no load: it disables the internal high-voltage LDO, shuts down non-essential bias circuitry, and maintains regulation using only essential feedback and control blocks. This mode activates automatically when output current falls below ~5mA, and is confirmed in datasheet Electrical Characteristics table under "Supply Current" for MAX25231ATCD/V+.

Is the MAX25231ATCD/V+T pin-compatible with other variants in the MAX25231 family?

Yes, the MAX25231ATCD/V+T shares identical pinout, package (12-pin TDFN-EP), and footprint with MAX25231ATCA/V+ and MAX25231ATCB/V+. All variants use the same TD1233+2C land pattern and thermal pad connection. However, functional differences exist: only the ATCD variant supports adjustable output via FB; ATCA and ATCB have internal fixed resistors and require FB tied to BIAS.

What protection features does the MAX25231ATCD/V+T include?

The MAX25231ATCD/V+T includes overcurrent protection (1.9A typical peak limit), thermal shutdown at 175°C with 15°C hysteresis, 40V load-dump tolerance on SUP, undervoltage lockout (2.73V typical), and short-circuit recovery with automatic soft-start retry every 7ms. These protections are fully specified in the Absolute Maximum Ratings and Electrical Characteristics sections of the official Analog Devices datasheet for MAX25231ATCD/V+T.

Can the MAX25231ATCD/V+T operate in dropout mode, and what is the minimum input voltage?

Yes, the MAX25231ATCD/V+T operates in dropout mode with up to 99% duty cycle, enabling regulation down to VIN ≈ VOUT + (IOUT × RON_HS). With 1.2A load and 300mΩ high-side RDS(on), minimum functional input is ~3.5V - verified in datasheet Electrical Characteristics under "Supply Voltage Range" and "Maximum Duty Cycle". Dropout behavior is enhanced by periodic BST recharge during 99% duty operation.