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Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated MAX25232ATCB/V+T
- Part No.:
- MAX25232ATCB/V+T
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated
- Package:
- 12-WFDFN Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
MAX25232ATCB/V+T.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK 3.3V 3A 12TDFN
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,747
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Product details
Overview
MAX25232ATCB/V+T from Maxim Integrated is a 3.3V fixed-output, 3A synchronous buck converter with integrated high-side and low-side MOSFETs, 3.5µA quiescent current in standby, 3.5V–36V input range, and AEC-Q100 qualification for automotive power rails.
For engineers reviewing the MAX25232ATCB/V+T datasheet, MAX25232ATCB/V+T pinout, MAX25232ATCB/V+T application, or MAX25232ATCB/V+T equivalent, key selection criteria include ±2% output accuracy in FPWM mode, 65ns minimum on-time for high VIN/VOUT ratios, 2.1MHz switching frequency enabling compact filtering, and 40V load-dump protection for harsh automotive environments.
Technical Context
The MAX25232ATCB/V+T implements current-mode control with no external compensation required, operates in forced-PWM (FPWM) or skip mode via SYNC pin configuration, and features an internal 5V bias rail (BIAS) with 5.0V ±5% regulation. Its 99% maximum duty cycle enables operation in dropout-critical for cold-crank scenarios where input drops to 3.5V while maintaining regulated 3.3V output.
It integrates spread-spectrum modulation (±3% frequency dither) via SPS pin to reduce EMI emissions, uses a dedicated analog ground (AGND) and power ground (PGND) for noise isolation, and provides open-drain PGOOD monitoring with 92–95% voltage threshold hysteresis and 60µs debounce in PWM mode.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Output Voltage | Fixed 3.3V ±2% in FPWM mode (6V–18V VIN), verified across -40°C to +125°C junction temperature. |
| Max Output Current | 3A continuous DC output; peak current limit 3.5A ±12%, enabling robust short-circuit recovery without external current sensing. |
| Input Voltage Range | 3.5V to 36V operating; withstands 40V transients-meets ISO 7637-2 pulse 5a load-dump requirement for automotive ECUs. |
| Quiescent Current | 3.5µA typical at no load in skip mode-enables >10-year battery life in always-on automotive modules (e.g., telematics, ADAS sensors). |
| Switching Frequency | Internally fixed 2.1MHz (typ); allows use of 2.2µH inductor and 30µF ceramic output capacitor-reduces solution size by >40% vs. 400kHz alternatives. |
| Minimum On-Time | 65ns (typ); supports 36V→3.3V conversion (10.9:1 ratio) in single-stage buck without requiring pre-regulation. |
| Thermal Protection | Thermal shutdown at 175°C (typ) with 15°C hysteresis; junction-to-ambient θJA = 41°C/W on 4-layer board ensures stable operation at full load up to +105°C ambient. |
Pinout & Package
MAX25232ATCB/V+T is housed in a thermally enhanced 12-pin TDFN package (3mm × 3mm, TD1233+2C), featuring an exposed pad soldered to PCB ground for optimal thermal transfer (θJC = 9°C/W). The pinout supports compact layout with separated AGND/PGND paths and dedicated BST bootstrap node.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 - SPS | Spread-spectrum enable | Logic-high enables ±3% frequency dither to lower peak EMI emissions; internal 1MΩ pulldown ensures default disable. |
| 2 - EN | High-voltage enable input | Accepts 0–40V logic; no internal pullup/pulldown-enables direct connection to automotive KEY/CAN inhibit signals with zero standby leakage. |
| 3 - BST | Bootstrap supply for HS gate driver | Requires 0.1µF ceramic capacitor to LX; enables efficient high-side FET drive without external charge pump. |
| 4 - SUP | Main power input | 3.5V–36V supply input; requires 4.7µF ceramic capacitor to PGND for stable operation under high di/dt transients. |
| 5 - LX | Switching node | Connects to inductor; high-impedance when disabled; internal clamp diodes protect against inductive kickback during fault conditions. |
| 6 - PGND | Power ground return | Low-impedance path for high-frequency switch currents; must be connected directly to exposed pad and input/output capacitors. |
| 7 - AGND | Analog reference ground | Separate quiet ground for FB, PGOOD, SYNC, BIAS-prevents noise coupling into feedback loop and improves regulation stability. |
| 8 - FB | Feedback input | Internally tied to BIAS for fixed 3.3V output; not user-accessible-ensures factory-trimmed accuracy without external resistor divider. |
| 9 - OUT | Regulated output | 3.3V output node; bypassed to PGND with ≥30µF ceramic capacitance to meet phase margin and transient response requirements. |
| 10 - BIAS | Internal 5V bias supply | Provides 5V ±5% for internal circuitry; requires 1µF ceramic capacitor to AGND; powers PGOOD pullup and SYNC/SPS logic. |
| 11 - SYNC | Mode select / synchronization input | Ground or open → skip mode; connect to BIAS → forced-PWM; enables dynamic efficiency/runtime tradeoff without firmware change. |
| 12 - PGOOD | Open-drain power-good indicator | Active-high signal pulled low when VOUT < 92% nominal; requires external 20kΩ pullup to BIAS or system rail for sequenced power-up. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Integrated high- and low-side MOSFETs | 70mΩ RDS(on) each-eliminates external FETs and gate drivers, reducing BOM count and layout complexity for space-constrained ECUs. |
| Ultra-low quiescent current | 3.5µA standby-achieved by disabling internal LDO and powering bias circuitry from output after soft-start, extending battery life in always-on systems. |
| Automotive-grade reliability | AEC-Q100 Grade 1 (-40°C to +125°C), 40V load-dump tolerance, and thermal shutdown with hysteresis-qualified for engine bay and infotainment applications. |
| Programmable soft-start | Fixed 3.5ms internal ramp-prevents inrush current and ensures monotonic VOUT rise; PGOOD asserts only after soft-start completes and regulation is achieved. |
| Dropout operation | 99% max duty cycle-maintains 3.3V output down to 3.5V input, supporting cold-crank (ISO 16750-2) and stop-start vehicle operation. |
Applications
| Automotive Body Control Module (BCM) | Industrial PLC I/O Power Rail |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Powering microcontroller, CAN transceiver, and sensor interface in a body control unit exposed to 12V battery with load-dump transients. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary 3.3V buck regulator delivering 3A peak current; provides clean, sequenced power with PGOOD confirmation before MCU boot. Use Value: 40V load-dump protection and AEC-Q100 qualification eliminate need for external TVS/clamp, reducing cost and board area by 25% vs. discrete solutions. |
Use Scenario: Generating isolated 3.3V rail for digital I/O expansion modules in industrial automation cabinets with wide-input 24VDC supplies. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-efficiency step-down converter operating from 18–36V input; maintains regulation during brownout events with 99% duty cycle. Use Value: 3.5µA quiescent current enables energy harvesting compatibility; 2.1MHz switching minimizes EMI interference with adjacent analog signal conditioning circuits. |
| ADAS Camera Power Supply | Telematics Control Unit (TCU) |
|
Use Scenario: Powering image sensor and ISP in rear-view camera module mounted near exhaust with ambient temperatures up to +105°C. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Compact 3.3V supply with thermal shutdown at 175°C junction and 41°C/W θJA-ensures safe operation without heatsink. Use Value: 65ns minimum on-time supports direct 12V→3.3V conversion, avoiding inefficient two-stage designs and improving overall system efficiency by 8–12%. |
Use Scenario: Always-on 3.3V rail for LTE modem, GNSS receiver, and secure element in vehicle connectivity gateway with 10-year battery backup requirement. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-IQ buck converter enabling >10-year shelf life; PGOOD enables precise power sequencing with cellular baseband processor. Use Value: 3.5µA standby current reduces annual battery drain to <1.5mAh-enabling coin-cell backup without periodic replacement or charging circuitry. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar synchronous buck converter applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM61480RQR | 3.3V fixed, 5A output, 12µA IQ, 2.1MHz, but lacks AEC-Q100 qualification and 40V load-dump rating. | Targeted at industrial/commercial systems-not validated for automotive transients or extended temperature operation. | Select LM61480RQR only if AEC-Q100 and load-dump immunity are not required; verify thermal performance at full load in target enclosure. |
| TPS543320RTVR | Adjustable 0.6–5.5V output, 3A, 3.5µA IQ, 2.2MHz, AEC-Q100 Grade 1, but requires external compensation and has larger 16-pin QFN package. | Suitable for designs needing programmable output or tighter output tolerance (<±1%), but increases design complexity and footprint. | Choose TPS543320RTVR when adjustable VOUT or higher precision is mandatory; accept added BOM cost and layout effort for compensation network. |
Compared with LM61480RQR and TPS543320RTVR, MAX25232ATCB/V+T delivers automotive-qualified 3.3V regulation in the smallest footprint (3mm × 3mm) with lowest standby current-making it optimal for space- and power-constrained automotive modules where fixed output suffices.
Availability
MAX25232ATCB/V+T is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive body electronics, industrial PLC power rails, ADAS camera modules, and telematics control units requiring stable component supply with long-term lifecycle assurance.
Supply support for MAX25232ATCB/V+T includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Maxim Integrated (now part of Analog Devices) is a semiconductor company specializing in high-performance analog, mixed-signal, and power management ICs for automotive, industrial, and communications markets.
The MAX25232 product line delivers ultra-low-IQ, AEC-Q100-qualified buck converters optimized for automotive subsystems requiring reliable 3.3V/5V rails under harsh electrical and thermal conditions.
FAQ
What is the output voltage accuracy of the MAX25232ATCB/V+T under automotive operating conditions?
The MAX25232ATCB/V+T delivers ±2% output voltage accuracy over the full -40°C to +125°C junction temperature range and 6V–18V input range in forced-PWM (FPWM) mode. This specification is guaranteed by design and characterization-not just tested at +25°C-and applies specifically to the fixed 3.3V variant, as confirmed in the Electrical Characteristics table on page 3 of the datasheet.
Does the MAX25232ATCB/V+T require external compensation components?
No, the MAX25232ATCB/V+T uses an innovative current-mode control architecture that eliminates the need for external compensation components. Its internal loop is factory-tuned for stability with standard 2.2µH inductors and 30µF ceramic output capacitors-verified across all operating conditions including dropout and load transients.
Can the MAX25232ATCB/V+T operate during automotive cold-crank conditions?
Yes, the MAX25232ATCB/V+T supports cold-crank operation down to 3.5V input with 99% maximum duty cycle, maintaining regulated 3.3V output. Its 65ns minimum on-time and dropout capability ensure uninterrupted power to critical microcontrollers and CAN transceivers during ISO 16750-2 cranking pulses.
How is EMI reduced in the MAX25232ATCB/V+T without compromising efficiency?
The MAX25232ATCB/V+T integrates pin-enabled spread-spectrum frequency modulation (±3% around 2.1MHz) that lowers radiated EMI peaks without increasing switching losses. Unlike external filtering, this feature requires no additional components and remains active only when using the internal oscillator-preserving full efficiency in SYNC-synchronized operation.
What is the role of the separate AGND and PGND pins on the MAX25232ATCB/V+T?
AGND provides a quiet reference for sensitive analog functions (FB, PGOOD, SYNC), while PGND carries high-frequency, high-current switching return paths. Separating them prevents noise coupling into the feedback loop-ensuring ±2% output accuracy and stable regulation even under heavy transient loads, as validated in the Typical Operating Characteristics on page 6.
MAX25232ATCB/V+T Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 12-WFDFN Exposed Pad
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Fixed
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 3.5V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 36V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 3.3V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- -
- Current - Output:
- 3A
- Frequency - Switching:
- 2.1MHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- Yes
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C
- Grade:
- Automotive
- Qualification:
- AEC-Q100
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 12-TDFN (3x3)
MAX25232ATCB/V+T FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MAX25232ATCB/V+T through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MAX25232ATCB/V+T on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MAX25232ATCB/V+T reliable?
The price and inventory of MAX25232ATCB/V+T are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MAX25232ATCB/V+T is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MAX25232ATCB/V+T?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MAX25232ATCB/V+T transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MAX25232ATCB/V+T?
MAX25232ATCB/V+T orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MAX25232ATCB/V+T order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MAX25232ATCB/V+T?
For technical support, including MAX25232ATCB/V+T datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MAX25232ATCB/V+T requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MAX25232ATCB/V+T is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MAX25232ATCB/V+T products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MAX25232ATCB/V+T meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MAX25232ATCB/V+T?
All MAX25232ATCB/V+T units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MAX25232ATCB/V+T, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MAX25232ATCB/V+T part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MAX25232ATCB/V+T:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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