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Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated MAX4072ATA+T
- Part No.:
- MAX4072ATA+T
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated
- Category:
- Instrumentation, Op Amps, Buffer Amps
- Package:
- 8-WDFN Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
MAX4072ATA+T.pdf
- Description:
- IC CURR SENSE 1 CIRCUIT 8TDFN
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:4,431
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Product details
Overview
MAX4072ATA+T from Maxim Integrated is a bidirectional, high-side current-sense amplifier with external reference input (REFIN), designed for accurate battery charge/discharge monitoring in portable electronics. It operates from 2.7V to 24V supply, supports selectable gain of 50V/V or 100V/V via GSEL pin, delivers total output error <1.5% over temperature, and features 1.35V–24V common-mode input range independent of VCC - enabling reliable operation during deep battery discharge in notebook fuel gauging and smart-battery packs.
For engineers reviewing the MAX4072ATA+T datasheet, MAX4072ATA+T pinout, MAX4072ATA+T application, or MAX4072ATA+T equivalent, key selection criteria include its external reference flexibility (1V–4V REFIN range), shutdown current of 10µA, ±0.25% typical total output error at +25°C, and compatibility with thin QFN-EP package for space-constrained power-management systems.
Technical Context
The MAX4072ATA+T implements a BiCMOS-based high-side sensing architecture with matched internal resistor networks (RG1 = RG2 = 104kΩ typ) that maintain constant input terminal voltages across bidirectional current flow through RSENSE. Its output stage level-shifts relative to an externally supplied reference voltage (REFIN), producing VOUT = VREFIN + (VRS+ − VRS−) × AV for positive sense voltage and VOUT = VREFIN − |(VRS+ − VRS−) × AV| for negative.
It uses a single-ended output to encode polarity: charging current yields VOUT above VREFIN (up to VCC), discharging current yields VOUT below VREFIN (down to GND). Gain selection (50V/V or 100V/V) is controlled by logic-level GSEL, while SHDN enables 10µA shutdown mode with high-impedance OUT.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Supply Voltage Range | 2.7V to 24V - supports wide battery voltage range including Li-ion stacks and automotive 12V systems without level-shifting. |
| Common-Mode Input Range | 1.35V to 24V, independent of VCC - ensures accuracy even when battery voltage drops below system supply (e.g., 2.5V pack on 3.3V rail). |
| Total Output Voltage Error | ±0.25% (typ) at +25°C, ±2.5% (max) over −40°C to +125°C - enables precise coulomb counting for fuel gauging within 1% full-scale error budget. |
| Gain Options | 50V/V or 100V/V via GSEL pin - allows optimization between resolution (100V/V for low-current sensing) and dynamic range (50V/V for high-current applications). |
| REFIN Voltage Range | 1.0V to 4.0V (with VCC ≥ 5.1V) - permits use of precision external references (e.g., REF5025) to improve absolute accuracy beyond internal reference limitations. |
| Supply Current | 100µA (active), 10µA (shutdown) - extends battery life in always-on monitoring circuits such as smart-battery gas gauges. |
| Bandwidth | 100kHz (gain = 50V/V), 40kHz (gain = 100V/V) - sufficient for DC and low-frequency transient current tracking in charger control loops. |
Pinout & Package
MAX4072ATA+T is packaged in an 8-pin thin QFN with exposed pad (package code T833-2), optimized for thermal performance and PCB area efficiency in portable power systems.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 SHDN | Shutdown control input | Logic-low disables amplifier and reduces ICC to 10µA; must be tied to VCC for normal operation - enables system-level power gating. |
| 2 RS− | Negative sense resistor terminal | Kelvin connection point for low-impedance return path; requires short, matched trace routing to minimize offset error from PCB resistance. |
| 3 RS+ | Positive sense resistor terminal | Kelvin connection point for high-side current path; placed adjacent to RS− to preserve common-mode rejection in noisy battery environments. |
| 4 GND | Analog ground reference | Must connect to PCB ground plane and exposed paddle; star-grounding recommended to avoid ground-loop-induced measurement errors. |
| 5 VCC | Power supply input | Requires local 0.1µF ceramic bypass capacitor to GND; supports 2.7V–24V operation - eliminates need for separate LDO in multi-rail systems. |
| 6 REFIN | External reference voltage input | Accepts 1V–4V reference (e.g., from precision voltage reference IC); sets output zero-point - enables calibration traceability and temperature-stable baseline. |
| 7 OUT | Current-sense output | Single-ended voltage proportional to (VRS+ − VRS−) × gain, centered at VREFIN - directly interfaces with SAR ADCs without level-shifting or dual-supply op-amps. |
| 8 GSEL | Gain select input | Logic-low = 50V/V, logic-high = 100V/V - allows runtime gain switching in adaptive power management firmware without hardware change. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Bidirectional high-side sensing | Measures charge and discharge currents through single RSENSE without polarity-switching circuitry or dual amplifiers - reduces BOM count and layout complexity. |
| External reference input (REFIN) | Enables use of ultra-stable external references (e.g., 10ppm/°C) to achieve <0.5% total system error over temperature - critical for battery fuel gauging certification. |
| Selectable gain (50V/V or 100V/V) | Supports full-scale sense voltages of 75mV (50×) or 50mV (100×), allowing optimal RSENSE selection for target current range and power loss trade-offs. |
| 1.35V–24V common-mode range | Operates accurately even when RS+ is at 1.5V (e.g., deeply discharged 2-cell Li-ion), eliminating need for charge-pump biasing or auxiliary supplies. |
| 10µA shutdown current | Permits integration into always-on battery monitors with negligible impact on standby current - extends shelf life of sealed smart-battery packs. |
Applications
| Notebook Fuel Gauging | Smart-Battery Packs/Chargers |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Real-time monitoring of Li-ion battery pack current during charge/discharge cycles in ultrabooks and 2-in-1 devices. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-side current-sense amplifier providing bidirectional analog output to microcontroller ADC for coulomb counting and state-of-charge estimation. Use Value: Enables <1% full-scale current measurement error across −40°C to +125°C, supporting JEITA-compliant fuel gauge algorithms without calibration drift. |
Use Scenario: Integrated current sensing in SMBus/I²C smart batteries for host-controlled charge termination and safety compliance. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary current transducer feeding data to battery management unit (BMU) for dynamic load profiling and cycle-life prediction. Use Value: External REFIN support allows traceable calibration against NIST-standard references, satisfying UL 2054 and IEC 62133 certification requirements. |
| Motor Control | Power-Management Systems |
Use Scenario: Bidirectional current feedback in brushed DC motor drivers for stall detection and regenerative braking energy recovery. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-side sense amplifier interfacing with motor controller MCU to detect direction and magnitude of back-EMF-induced current. Use Value: 100kHz bandwidth at 50V/V gain enables real-time current loop response ≤10µs - sufficient for 10kHz PWM motor control without phase lag. |
Use Scenario: System-level current monitoring in industrial IoT gateways with multiple power rails (5V, 3.3V, 1.8V) and backup battery switchover. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Centralized high-side monitor on main 12V input rail, feeding telemetry to PMIC and cloud-connected health monitoring subsystem. Use Value: 24V absolute maximum common-mode rating allows direct connection to unregulated AC/DC front-end outputs, reducing isolation component count. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar bidirectional current-sense amplifier applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| MAX4070ATA+ | Integrated 2.5V reference (REFOUT), no REFIN pin; requires 3.6V–24V supply. | Suitable where fixed reference suffices and supply ≥3.6V; lacks external reference flexibility for high-accuracy calibration. | Select when system already uses 2.5V reference rail and does not require traceable calibration - simplifies design with no external reference needed. |
| INA226AIDGST | I²C digital output, integrated 16-bit ADC, 0.1% gain error, but only unidirectional high-side sensing (no discharge polarity support). | Requires firmware handling of bidirectional interpretation; limited to applications where discharge current is inferred rather than measured directly. | Select when digital interface and onboard conversion are preferred, and discharge monitoring can be derived from system context - avoids analog signal chain design effort. |
Compared with MAX4070ATA+, MAX4072ATA+T trades integrated reference simplicity for external reference programmability and lower minimum supply voltage; compared with INA226AIDGST, it provides true analog bidirectional output with faster response and no firmware dependency, at the cost of requiring external ADC and reference sourcing.
Availability
MAX4072ATA+T is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for notebook fuel gauging, smart-battery packs/chargers, and power-management systems requiring stable component supply across extended temperature and voltage ranges.
Supply support for MAX4072ATA+T includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Maxim Integrated (now part of Analog Devices) designs precision analog and mixed-signal ICs for power, sensing, and connectivity applications in industrial, automotive, and consumer markets.
The MAX4069–MAX4072 family was developed specifically for high-accuracy, low-power bidirectional current sensing in battery-powered portable equipment - emphasizing wide common-mode range, flexible reference architecture, and automotive-grade reliability.
FAQ
What is the function of the REFIN pin on the MAX4072ATA+T?
The REFIN pin on the MAX4072ATA+T accepts an external reference voltage (1.0V to 4.0V) that defines the output zero-point (VOUT = VREFIN when VRS+ = VRS−). This enables precise calibration using high-stability references like the REF5025, improving absolute accuracy over temperature versus internal-reference alternatives. The MAX4072ATA+T's REFIN input is essential for applications demanding traceable metrology, such as certified smart-battery fuel gauging.
How does the MAX4072ATA+T handle bidirectional current sensing with a single output pin?
The MAX4072ATA+T encodes current direction on a single OUT pin: when current flows from RS+ to RS− (charge), VOUT rises above VREFIN toward VCC; when current flows from RS− to RS+ (discharge), VOUT falls below VREFIN toward GND. This eliminates need for dual outputs or polarity-detection logic. The MAX4072ATA+T achieves this via internal matched transistor pairs (Q1/Q2) and resistor networks (RG1/RG2), maintaining constant input node voltages regardless of current direction.
What is the maximum allowable differential input voltage (VRS+ − VRS−) for the MAX4072ATA+T?
The absolute maximum differential input voltage for the MAX4072ATA+T is ±0.3V, as defined by the forward voltage of internal back-to-back diodes protecting the RS+/RS− inputs. Exceeding this risks permanent damage. For reliable operation, full-scale sense voltage should be limited to 75mV (at 50V/V gain) or 50mV (at 100V/V gain), ensuring margin against transients and maintaining linearity per datasheet specifications. This constraint directly governs minimum RSENSE selection in high-current applications.
Can the MAX4072ATA+T operate from a 3.3V supply while monitoring a 2.5V battery pack?
Yes - the MAX4072ATA+T supports supply voltages from 2.7V to 24V and has a common-mode input range of 1.35V to 24V independent of VCC. When powered from 3.3V, it can accurately monitor a 2.5V battery pack (e.g., fully charged 2S Li-ion at 8.4V or deeply discharged at 2.5V) because RS+ and RS− may sit at 2.5V while VCC remains at 3.3V. This decoupling eliminates need for charge-pump biasing or auxiliary supplies in low-voltage portable systems.
What is the thermal performance advantage of the thin QFN package used by the MAX4072ATA+T?
The 8-pin thin QFN-EP package of the MAX4072ATA+T provides 1951mW continuous power dissipation at +70°C (derating 24.4mW/°C above), significantly higher than the 362mW of the µMAX variant. The exposed paddle must be soldered to a thermal pad connected to the PCB ground plane, enabling efficient heat transfer from the die. This allows sustained operation under high-current sensing conditions (e.g., 5A through 10mΩ RSENSE) without thermal derating or output drift - critical for compact power-management modules.
MAX4072ATA+T Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 8-WDFN Exposed Pad
- Packaging:
- Bulk
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Amplifier Type:
- Current Sense
- Number of Circuits:
- 1
- Output Type:
- -
- Slew Rate:
- -
- Gain Bandwidth Product:
- -
- -3db Bandwidth:
- 100 kHz
- Current - Input Bias:
- 2.4 µA
- Voltage - Input Offset:
- 80 µV
- Current - Supply:
- 100µA
- Current - Output / Channel:
- -
- Voltage - Supply Span (Min):
- 2.7 V
- Voltage - Supply Span (Max):
- 24 V
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 8-TDFN (3x3)
MAX4072ATA+T FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MAX4072ATA+T through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MAX4072ATA+T on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MAX4072ATA+T reliable?
The price and inventory of MAX4072ATA+T are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MAX4072ATA+T is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MAX4072ATA+T?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MAX4072ATA+T transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MAX4072ATA+T?
MAX4072ATA+T orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MAX4072ATA+T order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MAX4072ATA+T?
For technical support, including MAX4072ATA+T datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MAX4072ATA+T requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MAX4072ATA+T is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MAX4072ATA+T products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MAX4072ATA+T meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MAX4072ATA+T?
All MAX4072ATA+T units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MAX4072ATA+T, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MAX4072ATA+T part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MAX4072ATA+T:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
MAX4072ATA+T Tags
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