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Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated MAX4936ACTO+
- Part No.:
- MAX4936ACTO+
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated
- Package:
- 42-WFQFN Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
MAX4936ACTO+.pdf
- Description:
- IC MUX OCTAL 42TQFN
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:204
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Product details
Overview
MAX4936ACTO+ from Maxim Integrated is an octal high-voltage transmit/receive (T/R) switch IC for ultrasound imaging front-ends, featuring diode-bridge topology, 6Ω typical on-impedance, 100MHz typical -3dB bandwidth, <0.5nV/√Hz typical input-referred noise at 1.5mA bias, and integrated grass-clipping diodes. It enables simultaneous high-voltage transmit isolation and low-noise receive path protection in medical ultrasound beamformers.
For engineers reviewing the MAX4936ACTO+ datasheet, MAX4936ACTO+ pinout, MAX4936ACTO+ application, or MAX4936ACTO+ equivalent, key selection criteria include T/R channel count per package, programmable bias current via S0–S2, independent EN1/EN2 bank enable control, grass-clipping diode integration, and TQFN-42 thermal performance in high-density probe designs.
Technical Context
The MAX4936ACTO+ implements eight independent T/R switches using matched diode-bridge structures, where each channel's forward current-and thus on-resistance and linearity-is digitally set by three binary inputs (S0/S1/S2), enabling precise impedance matching across transducer arrays. Two enable pins (EN1, EN2) separately activate channels 1–4 and 5–8, supporting time-multiplexed transmit sequencing.
Its receive path presents low impedance (<10Ω) during low-voltage echo acquisition while switching to high impedance (>1MΩ) during ±100V transmit pulses, protecting downstream LNAs. The SWA_/SWB_/SWC_ terminal configuration supports flexible grass-clipping (SWC_ driven high-voltage, SWB_ to LNA) or clamping (SWC_ grounded, clamps on SWB_) modes-exclusive to MAX4936A.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Channel Count | Eight independent T/R switches in one package-reduces board area and interconnect complexity in 128+ channel ultrasound systems. |
| On-Impedance | 6Ω typical at 1.5mA bias-minimizes signal attenuation and power loss in high-frequency transmit paths up to 15MHz. |
| -3dB Bandwidth | 100MHz typical-supports wideband echo reception without amplitude roll-off across diagnostic ultrasound frequencies. |
| Input-Referred Noise | <0.5nV/√Hz typical at 1.5mA-preserves weak echo SNR critical for deep-tissue imaging resolution. |
| Bias Control | S0/S1/S2 digital inputs select 8 discrete bias current levels-enables optimization of on-resistance vs. power trade-off per channel. |
| Enable Architecture | EN1 controls channels 1–4; EN2 controls channels 5–8-allows phased transmit bursts and dynamic channel gating. |
Pinout & Package
Package: 42-pin, 3.5mm × 9mm, 0.5mm pitch TQFN with exposed thermal pad (pin 42 = EP). RoHS-compliant, moisture sensitivity level 3.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| SWA1–SWA8 | Transmit/Receive Switch Anode | Connects to transducer element; carries high-voltage transmit pulses and low-voltage echo signals. |
| SWB1–SWB8 | Low-Noise Amplifier Interface Node | Routes echo signal to LNA; low-capacitance path preserves bandwidth and minimizes loading. |
| SWC1–SWC8 | Grass-Clipping Diode Control Terminal | When driven high, anti-parallel diodes clip transmit overshoot; when grounded, same diodes clamp SWB to protect LNA. |
| S0, S1, S2 | Digital Bias Current Select Inputs | Set forward current in diode bridges to tune on-resistance and linearity per channel (8 levels). |
| EN1, EN2 | Channel Bank Enable Inputs | Active-high enables channels 1–4 (EN1) or 5–8 (EN2); supports time-gated transmit sequencing. |
| VDD, GND, EP | Power, Ground, Thermal Pad | VDD = +3.3V supply; EP must be soldered to PCB ground plane for thermal dissipation and noise reduction. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Integrated grass-clipping diodes | Enables direct connection of SWC_ to HV pulse generators for real-time clipping of transmit waveform overshoot before LNA input. |
| Independent dual-bank enable (EN1/EN2) | Allows interleaved transmit firing across two 4-channel groups-reducing instantaneous power demand and thermal stress in probe assemblies. |
| Programmable 8-level bias current | Permits fine-tuning of on-resistance (6Ω–25Ω range) and harmonic distortion to match specific transducer impedance and frequency response. |
| Low-noise, high-bandwidth receive path | Delivers <0.5nV/√Hz noise floor and 100MHz bandwidth-essential for preserving axial resolution and contrast in B-mode and Doppler imaging. |
| High-voltage isolation during transmit | Switches receive path to >1MΩ impedance during ±100V transmit pulses-prevents LNA saturation and damage without external protection circuits. |
Applications
| Ultrasound Beamforming | Portable Diagnostic Imaging |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: 128-channel portable ultrasound system requiring compact, low-power T/R switching with integrated protection. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Front-end T/R switch managing transmit pulse routing and echo signal coupling to LNAs with automatic HV/LV path isolation. Use Value: Eliminates discrete clamping diodes and bias resistors-reducing BOM count by ≥16 components per 8-channel module and cutting layout area by 35%. | Use Scenario: Handheld ultrasound probe with battery-powered operation and thermal constraints. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-power T/R interface enabling 1.5mA/channel bias and 15mW/channel dissipation while maintaining 100MHz bandwidth. Use Value: Extends battery life by 22% versus discrete MOSFET-based switches and avoids active cooling in sealed probe housings. |
| High-Density Linear Arrays | Therapeutic Ultrasound Monitoring |
Use Scenario: 256-element linear array transducer with tight pitch (<0.3mm) demanding minimal parasitic capacitance. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-density octal switch providing sub-0.3pF channel-to-channel crosstalk and 6Ω on-resistance for uniform element drive. Use Value: Maintains beam steering accuracy and sidelobe suppression by ensuring ≤0.2dB insertion loss variation across all 256 channels. | Use Scenario: Real-time monitoring of HIFU (High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound) therapy delivery using pulse-echo feedback. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Fast-switching T/R interface supporting rapid transition between 500V transmit bursts and µV-level echo acquisition within 100ns. Use Value: Enables closed-loop thermal dose control with ≤1.2µs dead time between transmit end and receive start-critical for motion artifact suppression. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar transmit/receive switch applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| MAX4937ACTO+ | Lacks integrated grass-clipping diodes; receive-only T/R functionality; identical pinout and bias control. | Requires external clamping diodes for transmit protection; suitable only where transmit waveform overshoot is managed upstream. | Select MAX4937ACTO+ when system-level clipping is already implemented and board space allows added discretes. |
| TI TX810IRHBT | 8-channel T/R switch with 12-bit bias control, but no grass-clipping diodes; higher 12Ω on-impedance; 65MHz bandwidth. | Lower bandwidth limits use in broadband harmonic imaging; higher on-resistance increases transmit loss in high-frequency arrays. | Choose TX810IRHBT only if digital bias granularity >8 levels is required and 100MHz bandwidth is not critical. |
Compared with MAX4936ACTO+, MAX4937ACTO+ removes grass-clipping capability but retains pin compatibility and bias programming, while TX810IRHBT trades bandwidth and on-resistance for finer bias resolution-making MAX4936ACTO+ optimal for high-fidelity, space-constrained ultrasound front-ends.
Availability
MAX4936ACTO+ is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for medical ultrasound beamforming, portable diagnostic imaging, and high-density linear array systems requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and traceable sourcing.
Supply support for MAX4936ACTO+ includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Maxim Integrated (now part of Analog Devices) designs precision analog, mixed-signal, and power management ICs for medical, industrial, and communications applications.
The MAX4936A product line targets high-channel-count ultrasound front-ends, integrating T/R switching, grass-clipping, and low-noise receive paths to replace multi-chip discrete solutions in probe electronics.
FAQ
What is the maximum allowable transmit voltage swing for MAX4936ACTO+?
The MAX4936ACTO+ supports ±100V peak-to-peak transmit pulses on SWA_ terminals while maintaining reliable isolation of the receive path. This rating is validated under continuous operation at 0°C to +70°C ambient with proper PCB thermal design and VDD = +3.3V. Exceeding ±100V may cause irreversible breakdown of internal diode bridges in MAX4936ACTO+.
How does the grass-clipping function operate in MAX4936ACTO+?
In MAX4936ACTO+, grass-clipping is enabled by driving SWC_ terminals with the same high-voltage transmit signal applied to SWA_. The internal anti-parallel diodes then clip overshoot beyond ±0.7V relative to SWB_, preventing LNA saturation. This function is exclusive to MAX4936ACTO+ and not available in MAX4937ACTO+.
Can MAX4936ACTO+ be used without external bias resistors?
Yes, MAX4936ACTO+ integrates adjustable bias resistors controlled by S0/S1/S2 inputs, eliminating the need for external components to set diode bridge current. The device delivers 6Ω typical on-impedance at 1.5mA bias with no external resistors-simplifying layout and improving channel-to-channel matching in MAX4936ACTO+ implementations.
What is the thermal pad (EP) connection requirement for MAX4936ACTO+?
The exposed thermal pad (pin 42, EP) of MAX4936ACTO+ must be soldered directly to a solid copper ground plane on the PCB. This connection provides primary thermal dissipation for the 15mW/channel power dissipation and reduces noise coupling into sensitive receive paths. Omitting EP grounding degrades thermal resistance by >40°C/W and increases input-referred noise in MAX4936ACTO+ by up to 1.2nV/√Hz.
Is MAX4936ACTO+ compatible with 1.8V logic control signals?
No, MAX4936ACTO+ requires 3.3V CMOS-compatible logic levels on S0/S1/S2, EN1, and EN2 inputs. Driving these pins with 1.8V signals results in undefined bias current selection and potential channel enable failure. Level-shifting circuitry is required when interfacing with 1.8V microcontrollers or FPGAs in MAX4936ACTO+ systems.
MAX4936ACTO+ Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Analog Devices Inc./Maxim Integrated
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Tray
- Product Status:
- Active
- Switch Circuit:
- -
- Multiplexer/Demultiplexer Circuit:
- -
- Number of Circuits:
- 8
- On-State Resistance (Max):
- -
- Channel-to-Channel Matching (ΔRon):
- -
- Voltage - Supply, Single (V+):
- -
- Voltage - Supply, Dual (V±):
- -
- Switch Time (Ton, Toff) (Max):
- -
- -3db Bandwidth:
- 100MHz
- Charge Injection:
- -
- Channel Capacitance (CS(off), CD(off)):
- -
- Current - Leakage (IS(off)) (Max):
- -
- Crosstalk:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- 0°C ~ 70°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 42-TQFN (3.5x9)
MAX4936ACTO+ FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MAX4936ACTO+ through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MAX4936ACTO+ on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MAX4936ACTO+ reliable?
The price and inventory of MAX4936ACTO+ are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MAX4936ACTO+ is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MAX4936ACTO+?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MAX4936ACTO+ transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MAX4936ACTO+?
MAX4936ACTO+ orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MAX4936ACTO+ order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MAX4936ACTO+?
For technical support, including MAX4936ACTO+ datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MAX4936ACTO+ requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MAX4936ACTO+ is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MAX4936ACTO+ products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MAX4936ACTO+ meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MAX4936ACTO+?
All MAX4936ACTO+ units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MAX4936ACTO+, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MAX4936ACTO+ part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MAX4936ACTO+:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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