Microchip Technology MCP3204-CI/ST

Overview

MCP3204-CI/ST from Microchip Technology Inc. is a 12-bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with on-chip sample-and-hold, SPI serial interface, and four single-ended or two pseudo-differential input channels. It operates from 2.7V to 5.5V, delivers up to 100 ksps at 5V, and features ±2 LSB max INL (C-grade), 500 nA standby current, and industrial temperature range (–40°C to +85°C). It is used in sensor interface circuits requiring precision, low power, and compact footprint.

For engineers reviewing the MCP3204-CI/ST datasheet, MCP3204-CI/ST pinout, MCP3204-CI/ST application, or MCP3204-CI/ST equivalent, key selection criteria include its 12-bit resolution, SPI mode 0/1 compatibility, 14-pin TSSOP package, ±2 LSB INL specification, and support for both single-ended and pseudo-differential analog inputs in battery-powered or space-constrained embedded systems.

Technical Context

The MCP3204-CI/ST implements a SAR architecture with internal 20 pF sample capacitor and 1.5-clock-cycle acquisition time. Its conversion sequence begins on the fourth rising edge of CLK after the start bit, completing in 12 clock cycles (t_CONV). The device uses a 4-wire SPI interface compatible with modes 0,0 and 1,1, supporting MSB-first output with a null bit preceding data.

Channel configuration is dynamically programmed per conversion via DIN: SGL/DIFF bit selects input mode, and D2–D0 bits select channel (CH0–CH3 for single-ended; CH0/CH1 or CH2/CH3 pairs for pseudo-differential). IN- in differential mode is limited to ±100 mV relative to VSS, enabling common-mode noise rejection without full differential front-end hardware.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

The MCP3204-CI/ST is supplied in a 14-lead TSSOP package (4.4 mm × 5.0 mm, 0.65 mm pitch), pin-compatible with SOIC and PDIP variants. Thermal resistance θ_JA is 100°C/W.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar 12-bit SAR ADC applications.

Compared with MCP3204-I/ST, the MCP3204-CI/ST trades ±1 LSB INL for lower cost and same footprint, while versus ADS7822U it adds pseudo-differential support and reference integration at the expense of maximum sample rate - making it optimal for multi-channel, noise-prone, cost-sensitive industrial sensing.

Availability

MCP3204-CI/ST is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for process control, battery-operated data loggers, and industrial motor feedback systems requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and consistent parametric performance across production batches.

Supply support for MCP3204-CI/ST includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Microchip Technology Inc. is a leading provider of microcontrollers, analog devices, and Flash-IP solutions, headquartered in Chandler, Arizona, with global design and manufacturing operations.

The MCP3204-CI/ST belongs to Microchip's precision SAR ADC product line, designed specifically for embedded systems needing low-power, SPI-compatible, multi-channel analog digitization in harsh industrial environments.

FAQ

What is the maximum clock frequency supported by the MCP3204-CI/ST at 3.3V supply?

The MCP3204-CI/ST supports up to 1.0 MHz maximum SPI clock frequency when operated at VDD = 2.7V–3.6V, as specified in the Electrical Characteristics table (f_CLK max = 1.0 MHz at VDD = 2.7V). At 3.3V, this limit remains valid; exceeding it risks incomplete sampling or invalid conversion results due to insufficient internal timing margins.

Does the MCP3204-CI/ST require an external reference voltage, or can it use VDD as reference?

The MCP3204-CI/ST accepts VDD as reference input (VREF = VDD) and supports VREF from 0.25V to VDD. Using VDD simplifies design in single-supply systems, though accuracy depends on VDD stability; for precision applications, a dedicated low-noise reference like MCP1525 is recommended to maintain ±2 LSB INL performance.

How does pseudo-differential mode work on the MCP3204-CI/ST, and what are its limitations?

In pseudo-differential mode, the MCP3204-CI/ST treats channel pairs (e.g., CH0/CH1) as IN+/IN−, measuring the difference between them. IN− must remain within ±100 mV of VSS; if violated, code accuracy degrades. This mode rejects common-mode noise but does not provide full differential input impedance or rail-to-rail IN− swing like a true differential ADC.

Can the MCP3204-CI/ST operate from a 2.7V lithium coin cell for extended periods?

Yes - the MCP3204-CI/ST draws only 500 nA in standby (CS high) and 225 µA active current at 2.7V, enabling multi-year operation from a 200 mAh CR2032 when used intermittently. Its 2.7V minimum supply and low quiescent current make it well-suited for energy-harvesting and battery-backed sensor nodes.

Is the MCP3204-CI/ST pin-compatible with other members of the MCP320x family, such as the MCP3208?

No - the MCP3204-CI/ST uses a 14-pin package (TSSOP/SOIC/PDIP) with CH0–CH3, while the MCP3208 uses a 16-pin package with CH0–CH7. Pin functions for shared signals (CS/SHDN, DIN, DOUT, CLK, VREF, VDD, AGND, DGND) align, but CH4–CH7 and associated NC placements differ; PCB layout is not interchangeable.